A Treatise on Political Economy
One of the most influential works on Political Economy in the 19thC. It set the stage for the development of the study of political economy in France and an early translation into English helped make it become the most used economics textbook in the United States.
A Treatise on Political Economy; or the Production, Distribution, and Consumption of Wealth, ed. Clement C. Biddle, trans. C. R. Prinsep from the 4th ed. of the French, (Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo & Co., 1855. 4th-5th ed. ).
Copyright:
The text is in the public domain.
People:
- Author: Jean-Baptiste Say
- Editor: Clement Cornell Biddle
- Translator: Charles Robert Prinsep
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Table of Contents
- CONTENTS
- ADVERTISEMENT by THE AMERICAN EDITOR, to the SIXTH EDITION.
- ADVERTISEMENT by THE AMERICAN EDITOR, TO THE FIFTH EDITION.
- Introduction
- BOOK I: OF THE PRODUCTION OF WEALTH.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER I.: OF WHAT IS TO BE UNDERSTOOD BY THE TERM, PRODUCTION.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER II.: OF THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF INDUSTRY, AND THE MODE IN WHICH THEY CONCUR IN PRODUCTION.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER III: OF THE NATURE OF CAPITAL, AND THE MODE IN WHICH IT CONCURS IN THE BUSINESS OF PRODUCTION.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER IV: ON NATURAL AGENTS THAT ASSIST IN THE PRODUCTION OF WEALTH, AND SPECIALLY OF LAND.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER V: ON THE MODE IN WHICH INDUSTRY, CAPITAL, AND NATURAL AGENTS UNITE IN PRODUCTION.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER VI: OF OPERATIONS ALIKE COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES OF INDUSTRY.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER VII: OF THE LABOUR OF MANKIND, OF NATURE, AND OF MACHINERY RESPECTIVELY.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER VIII: OF THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES RESULTING FROM DIVISION OF LABOUR, AND OF THE EXTENT TO WHICH IT MAY BE CARRIED.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER IX: OF THE DIFFERENT METHODS OF EMPLOYING COMMERCIAL INDUSTRY, AND THE MODE IN WHICH THEY CONCUR IN PRODUCTION.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER X: OF THE TRANSFORMATIONS UNDERGONE BY CAPITAL IN THE PROGRESS OF PRODUCTION
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XI: OF THE FORMATION AND MULTIPLICATION OF CAPITAL.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XII: OF UNPRODUCTIVE CAPITAL
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XIII: OF IMMATERIAL PRODUCTS, OR VALUES CONSUMED AT THE MOMENT OF PRODUCTION.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XIV: OF THE RIGHT OF PROPERTY.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XV: OF THE DEMAND OR MARKET FOR PRODUCTS.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XVI: OF THE BENEFITS RESULTING FROM THE QUICK CIRCULATION OF MONEY AND COMMODITIES.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XVII: OF THE EFFECT OF GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS INTENDED TO INFLUENCE PRODUCTION.
- SECTION I.: Effect of Regulations prescribing the Nature of Products.
- DIGRESSION, UPON WHAT IS CALLED THE BALANCE OF TRADE.
- SECTION II.: Of the Effect of Regulations fixing the Manner of Production.
- SECTION III.: Of Privileged Trading Companies.
- SECTION IV.: Of regulations affecting the Corn Trade.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XVIII: OF THE EFFECT UPON NATIONAL WEALTH, RESULTING FROM THE PRODUCTIVE EFFORTS OF PUBLIC AUTHORITY.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XIX: OF COLONIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XX: OF TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT EMIGRATION, CONSIDERED IN REFERENCE TO NATIONAL WEALTH.
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XXI: OF THE NATURE AND USES OF MONEY.
- SECTION I.: General Remarks.
- SECTION II.: Of the Material of Money.
- SECTION III.: Of the Accession of Value a Commodity receives by being Vested with the Character of Money.
- SECTION IV.: Of the Utility of Coinage, and of the Charge of its Execution.
- SECTION V.: Of Alterations of the Standard Money.
- SECTION VI.: Of the reason why Money is neither a Sign nor a Measure.
- SECTION VII.: Of a Peculiarity that should be attended to, in estimating the Sums mentioned in History.
- SECTION VIII.: Of the Absence of any fixed ratio of Value between one Metal and another.
- SECTION IX.: Of Money as it ought to be.
- SECTION X.: Of a Copper and Base Metal83 Coinage.
- SECTION XI.: Of the preferable Form of Coined Money.
- SECTION XII.: Of the Party, on whom the Loss of the Coin by Wear should properly fall
- BOOK I, CHAPTER XXII: OF SIGNS OR REPRESENTATIVES OF MONEY.
- SECTION I.: Of Bills of Exchange and Letters of Credit.
- SECTION II.: Of Banks of Deposit.
- SECTION III.: Of Banks of Circulation or Discount, and of Bank-notes, or Convertible Paper.
- SECTION IV.: Of Paper-Money.
- BOOK II: OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH
- BOOK II, CHAPTER I: OF THE BASIS OF VALUE; AND OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND.
- BOOK II, CHAPTER II: THE SOURCES OF REVENUE.
- BOOK II, CHAPTER III: OF REAL AND RELATIVE VARIATION OF PRICE.
- BOOK II, CHAPTER IV: OF NOMINAL VARIATION OF PRICE, AND OF THE PECULIAR VALUE OF BULLION AND OF COIN.
- BOOK II, CHAPTER V: OF THE MANNER IN WHICH REVENUE IS DISTRIBUTED AMONGST SOCIETY.
- BOOK II, CHAPTER VI: OF WHAT BRANCHES OF PRODUCTION YIELD THE MOST LIBERAL RECOMPENSE TO PRODUCTIVE AGENCY.
- BOOK II, CHAPTER VII: OF THE REVENUE OF INDUSTRY
- SECTION I.: Of the Profits of Industry in general.
- SECTION II.: Of the Profits of the Man of Science.
- SECTION III.: Of the Profits of the Master-agent, or Adventurer, in Industry.
- SECTION IV.: Of the Profits of the Operative Labourer.47
- SECTION V.: Of the Independence accruing to the Moderns from the Advancement of Industry.
- BOOK II, CHAPTER VIII: OF THE REVENUE OF CAPITAL.
- SECTION I.: Of Loans at Interest.
- SECTION II.: Of the Profits of Capital.
- SECTION III.: Of the Employments of Capital most beneficial to Society.
- BOOK II, CHAPTER IX: OF THE REVENUE OF LAND.
- SECTION I.: Of the Profit of Landed Property.74
- SECTION II.: Of Rent.
- BOOK II, CHAPTER X: OF THE EFFECT OF REVENUE DERIVED BY ONE NATION FROM ANOTHER.
- BOOK II, CHAPTER XI: OF THE MODE IN WHICH THE QUANTITY OF THE PRODUCT AFFECTS POPULATION.
- SECTION I.: Of Population, as connected with Political Economy.
- SECTION II.: Of the influence of the Quality of a national product upon the local distribution of the Population.
- BOOK III: OF THE CONSUMPTION OF WEALTH
- BOOK III, CHAPTER I: OF THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF CONSUMPTION.
- BOOK III, CHAPTER II: OF THE EFFECT OF CONSUMPTION IN GENERAL.
- BOOK III, CHAPTER III: OF THE EFFECT OF PRODUCTIVE CONSUMPTION.
- BOOK III, CHAPTER IV: OF THE EFFECT OF UNPRODUCTIVE CONSUMPTION IN GENERAL.
- BOOK III, CHAPTER V: OF INDIVIDUAL CONSUMPTION—ITS MOTIVES AND ITS EFFECTS.
- BOOK III, CHAPTER VI: ON PUBLIC CONSUMPTION
- SECTION I.: Of the Nature and general Effect of Public Consumption.
- SECTION II.: Of the principal Objects of National Expenditure.
- Of the Charge of Civil and Judicial Administration.
- Of Charges, Military and Naval.
- Of the Charges of Public Instruction.
- Of the Charges of Public Benevolent Institutions.
- Of the Charges of Public Edifices and Works.
- BOOK III, CHAPTER VII: OF THE ACTUAL CONTRIBUTORS TO PUBLIC CONSUMPTION.
- BOOK III, CHAPTER VIII: OF TAXATION.
- SECTION I.: Of the Effect of all kinds of Taxation in general.
- SECTION II.: Of the different Modes of Assessment, and the Classes they press upon respectively.
- SECTION III.: Of Taxation in Kind.
- SECTION IV.: Of the Territorial or Land-Tax of England.
- BOOK III, CHAPTER IX: OF NATIONAL DEBT.
- SECTION I.: Of the Contracting Debt by National Authority, and of its general Effect.
- SECTION II.: Of public Credit, its Basis, and the Circumstances that endanger its Solidity.
- APPENDIX A: A Table, Showing the Result of Value Lent to the State.
- APPENDIX B: A table, showing the comparative condition of France, Great Britain and Ireland, and the United States of America, in respect to Population, Debt, and Taxation, at the close of the year 1831.
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