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Institutes of Roman Law

An edition with Latin, English translations, and extensive editorial commentary. The Institutes of Roman Law is Gaius’ best known work which became the authoritative legal text during the late Roman Empire. It was the first systematic collection and analysis of Roman law which dealt with all aspects of Roman law: the legal status of persons (slaves, free persons, and citizens), property rights, contracts, and various legal actions.

Gai Institutiones or Institutes of Roman Law by Gaius, with a Translation and Commentary by the late Edward Poste, M.A. Fourth edition, revised and enlarged by E.A. Whittuck, M.A. B.C.L., with an historical introduction by A.H.J. Greenidge, D.Litt. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1904).

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The text is in the public domain.

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Author: Gaius
Introduction: Abel Hendy Jones Greenidge
Translator: Edward Poste

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PREFACE
CONTENTS
EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS
HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION
§ 1.: The Unification and Extension of Roman Law.
§ 2.: The Epochs in this process of Unification and Extension.
§ 3.: Stages of Roman Legal History—The Clan and the Family—Evolution of individual rights.
§ 4.: Early Religious Law (Fas)—The Leges Regiae—The Secularization of Law.
§ 5.: Jus—Its different forms as exhibited in Procedure.
§ 6.: The ultimate sources of Jus—The Monarchy and the Early Republic.
§ 7.: Patricians and Plebeians.
§ 8.: Acquisition of voting rights by Plebeians—Assemblies of the Populus and of the Plebs.
§ 9.: Unification of the Law by means of the Twelve Tables.
§ 10.: Future Progress of Law. Legislation and Interpretation; the Legislative Assemblies.
§ 11.: Law as the result of Interpretation.—Interpretation by the Magistrate.
§ 12.: The debts which this development of law owed to the Italian and provincial world.
§ 13.: The idea of the Law of Nature; its influence on Slavery.
§ 14.: Interpretation by the jurisconsults.
§ 15.: Reforms in Procedure effected during the later period of the Republic.
§ 16.: The Creation of the Principate—Changes in the Sources of Law.
§ 17.: Changes in Procedure under the Principate.
§ 18.: The work of the Jurisconsults under the Principate.
§ 19.: Literary activity in the domain of Law to the time of Gaius.
§ 20.: The Institutes of Gaius; their place in the Literature of Law.
§ 21.: The Life and Works of Gaius.
COMMENTARIVS PRIMVS DE IVRE
[I. DE IVRE CIVILI ET NATVRALI.]
ON CIVIL LAW AND NATURAL LAW.
[II. DE IVRIS DIVISIONE.]
ON THE BRANCHES OF THE LAW.
[III. DE CONDICIONE HOMINVM.]
ON DIVERSITIES OF CONDITION.
[IIII. DE DEDITICIIS VEL LEGE AELIA SENTIA.]
[V. DE PEREGRINIS DEDITICIIS.]
[VI. DE MANVMISSIONE VEL CAVSAE PROBATIONE.]
[VII. DE CONSILIO ADHIBENDO.]
FREEDMEN ASSIMILATED TO SURRENDERED FOES AND DISPOSITIONS OF THE LEX AELIA SENTIA.
CONCERNING SURRENDERED ENEMIES.
ON MANUMISSION AND PROOF OF ADEQUATE GROUNDS OF MANUMISSION.
CONCERNING THE CONSTITUTION OF THE COUNCIL.
[QVIBVS MODIS LATINI AD CIVITATEM ROMANAM PERVENIANT.]
MODES BY WHICH LATIN FREEDMEN BECOME ROMAN CITIZENS.
DE LEGE FVFIA CANINIA.
DE LEGE FVFIA CANINIA.
DE HIS QVI SVI VEL ALIENI IVRIS SINT.
DE HIS QVI SVI VEL ALIENI IVRIS SINT.
DE PATRIA POTESTATE.
DE PATRIA POTESTATE.
DE NVPTIIS.
DE NVPTIIS.
DE ERRORIS CAVSAE PROBATIONE.
DE ERRORIS CAVSAE PROBATIONE.
DE STATV LIBERORVM.
DE STATV LIBERORVM.
DE ADOPTIONIBVS.
DE ADOPTIONIBVS.
DE MANV.
DE MANV.
DE MANCIPIO.
DE MANCIPIO.
QVIBUS MODIS IVS POTESTATIS SOLVATVR.
QVIBUS MODIS IVS POTESTATIS SOLVATVR.
DE TVTELIS.
DE TVTELIS.
DE LEGITIMA AGNATORVM TVTELA.
DE LEGITIMA AGNATORVM TVTELA.
DE CAPITIS MINVTIONE.
DE CAPITIS MINVTIONE.
DE LEGITIMA PATRONORVM TVTELA.
DE CESSICIA TVTELA.
DE LEGITIMA PATRONORVM TVTELA.
DE CESSICIA TVTELA.
DE PETENDO ALIO TVTORE.
DE PETENDO ALIO TVTORE.
DE ATILIANO TVTORE, ET EO QVI EX LEGE IVLIA ET TITIA DATVR.
DE ATILIANO TVTORE, ET EO QVI EX LEGE IVLIA ET TITIA DATVR.
DE MVLIERVM TVTELA.
DE MVLIERVM TVTELA.
QVIBVS MODIS TVTELA FINIATVR.
QVIBVS MODIS TVTELA FINIATVR.
DE CVRATORIBVS.
DE SATISDATIONE TVTORVM VEL CVRATORVM.
DE CVRATORIBVS.
DE SATISDATIONE TVTORVM VEL CVRATORVM.
COMMENTARIVS SECVNDVS DE REBVS SINGVLIS ET DE RERVM UNIVERSITATIBVS
DE RERVM DIVISIONE.
DE REBVS INCORPORALIBVS.
DE RERVM DIVISIONE.
DE REBVS INCORPORALIBVS.
RERVM CORPORALIVM ADQVISITIONES CIVILES.
RERVM CORPORALIVM ADQVISITIONES CIVILES.
RERVM INCORPORALIVM ADQVISITIONES CIVILES.
RERVM INCORPORALIVM ADQVISITIONES CIVILES.
QVIBVS ALIENARE LICEAT VEL NON.
QVIBVS ALIENARE LICEAT VEL NON.
DE PVPILLIS AN ALIQVID A SE ALIENARE POSSVNT.
WHETHER WARDS CAN ALIENE.
QVIBVS MODIS PER VNIVERSITATEM RES ADQVIRANTVR.
QVIBVS MODIS PER VNIVERSITATEM RES ADQVIRANTVR.
[DE TESTAMENTIS MILITVM.]
[DE TESTAMENTIS MILITVM.]
TESTAMENTI FACTIO.
TESTAMENTI FACTIO.
BONORVM POSSESSIO SECVNDVM TABVLAS.
BONORVM POSSESSIO SECVNDVM TABVLAS.
DE EXHEREDATIONE LIBERORVM.
DE EXHEREDATIONE LIBERORVM.
QVIBVS MODIS TESTAMENTA INFIRMENTVR.
QVIBVS MODIS TESTAMENTA INFIRMENTVR.
BONORVM POSSESSIO SECVNDVM TABVLAS.
BONORVM POSSESSIO SECVNDVM TABVLAS.
DE HEREDVM QVALITATE ET DIFFERENTIA.
DE HEREDVM QVALITATE ET DIFFERENTIA.
DE HEREDIBVS INSTITVENDIS.
DE HEREDIBVS INSTITVENDIS.
[DE LEGATIS.]
[DE LEGATIS.]
[AD LEGEM FALCIDIAM.]
[AD LEGEM FALCIDIAM.]
[DE INVTILITER RELICTIS LEGATIS.]
[DE POENAE CAVSA RELICTIS LEGATIS.]
[DE INVTILITER RELICTIS LEGATIS.]
[DE POENAE CAVSA RELICTIS LEGATIS.]
DE FIDEICOMMISSARIIS HEREDITATIBVS.
DE FIDEICOMMISSARIIS HEREDITATIBVS.
COMMENTARIVS TERTIVS INTESTATORVM HEREDITATES
DE LEGITIMA AGNATORVM SVCCESSIONE.
DE LEGITIMA AGNATORVM SVCCESSIONE.
CONSENSV OBLIGATIONES.
CONSENSV OBLIGATIONES.
ADDENDUM FORMAL, ABSTRACT, AND SIMULATIVE DISPOSITIONS.
COMMENTARIVS QVARTVS
APPENDIX ADDITIONS AND AMENDMENTS

Institutes of Roman Law

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