Lalor’s Cyclopedia - 19thC French Political Economy

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Source: Cyclopedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and of the Political History of the United States by the best American and European Authors, ed. John J. Lalor (Chicago: M.B. Carey, 1899). 3 vols. Lalor's VOLUME I. Abdication - Duty; VOLUME II. East India Company- Nullification; VOLUME III. Oath - Zollverein.

Copyright: The text is in the public domain.

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As John Lalor states in his Preface, many of the articles which appeared in the Cyclopedia he edited were taken from French and German reference works such as the Dictionnaire de l'Economie Politique, the Dictionnaire Général de la Politique,and the Staatswörterbuch. We quote a section of Lalor's Preface below in which he justifies this decision for an American reference work on politics and political economy.

NEITHER American nor English literature has hitherto possessed a Cyclopædia of Political Science and Political Economy. The want of a work of reference on these important branches of knowledge has long been felt, especially by lawyers, journalists, members of our state and national legislatures, and the large and intelligent class of capitalists and business men who give serious thought to the political and social questions of the day. The present work, which will be completed in three volumes, is the first to supply that want. It is also the first Political History of the United States in encyclopædic form—the first to which the reader can refer for an account of the important events or facts in our political history, as he would to a dictionary for the precise meaning of a word. The French, the Germans and even the Italians are richer in works of reference on political science and political economy than the Americans or the English. The Germans have Rotteck and Welcker's Staatslexikon, and Bluntschli and Brater's Staatswörterbuch; the French, Block's Dictionnaire Général de la Politique, and the celebrated Dictionnaire de l'Economie Politique, edited by Guillaumin and Coquelin.

The "Cyclopædia of Political Science, Political Economy, and of the Political History of the United States" is intended to be to the American and English reader what the above-named works are to French and German students of political science and political economy. The articles by foreigners in our work are largely translations from the Dictionnaire de l'Economie Politique, the Dictionnaire Général de la Politique, the Staatswörterbuch, and original articles by Mr. T. E. Cliffe Leslie, the eminent English economist; while the American articles are by the best American and Canadian writers on political economy and political science. The task of writing the articles on the political history of the United States was confided to one person, Mr. Alexander Johnston, of Norwalk, Connecticut, thoroughness, conciseness and the absence of repetition and of redundancy being thus secured.

It has been our aim to produce a work covering ground not covered by other cyclopædias. Hence, the biographies of American statesmen are made purposely very short, ours not being a biographical dictionary. The biographies in question are intended mainly to supplement the articles on the political history of the United States; just as our Cyclopædia itself is intended as a supplement to every other cyclopædia in the English language. It is, in fact, a special Cyclopædia, and bears the same relation to other cyclopædias that, for instance, a cyclopædia of law, medicine or engineering does. Great care has been taken in the articles from the French and German to preserve the exact meaning of the writer. In no instance has any liberty been taken with the thought of a contributor. The editor has not sought to harmonize the ideas of so many writers, and yet in very few instances will the opinions of one writer be found in direct conflict with those of another. The same subject is, in some cases, treated by two writers, but from a somewhat different point of view, under titles almost identical; and in these cases the difference of title serves merely for convenience of reference.

We thought it might be useful to identify some of these authors and their articles, in particular those written by leading members of the French school of political economy who contributed to the Dictionnaire de l'Economie Politique, edited by Guillaumin and Coquelin. First, there is a list by author, then an alphabetical list of all articles.

Articles listed by Author

Frédéric Bastiat:

  1. Law, Spoliation by - Frédéric Bastiat /titles/970#lf0216_head_659
  2. Plenty And Dearth—Frédéric Bastiat /titles/971#lf0216_head_856

Henri Baudrillart:

  1. Aristocracy.—Henri Baudrillart. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_082
  2. Charity, Public - Henri Baudrillart /titles/1679#lf0216_head_210
  3. Communism—Henri Baudrillart /titles/1679#lf0216_head_260
  4. Democracy—Henry Baudrillart /titles/1679#lf0216_head_366
  5. Family—Henri Baudrillart /titles/970#lf0216_head_453
  6. Monarchy—Henri Baudrillart /titles/970#lf0216_head_730
  7. Republic—Henri Baudrillart. /titles/971#lf0216_head_932
  8. Society—Henri Baudrillart /titles/971#lf0216_head_998

Michel Chevalier:

  1. Mexico—Michel Chevalier /titles/970#lf0216_head_718
  2. Bullion- Michel Chevalier /titles/1679#lf0216_head_138

A.E. Cherbuliez:

  1. Charity, State - A.E. Cherbuliez /titles/1679#lf0216_head_211
  2. Churches And Religions, Politico-economical Aspects of - A.E. Cherbuliez /titles/1679#lf0216_head_225

Ambroise Clément:

  1. Absenteeism—Ambroise Clément /titles/1679#lf0216_head_006
  2. Accumulation Of Wealth—Ambroise Clément /titles/1679#lf0216_head_015
  3. Armies, Standing—Ambroise Clément /titles/1679#lf0216_head_088
  4. Association And Associations—Ambroise Clément. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_097
  5. Charity, Private—Ambroise Clément /titles/1679#lf0216_head_209
  6. Consumption, Taxes On Articles Of—Ambroise Clément /titles/1679#lf0216_head_295
  7. Functionaries—A. Clément. vol. 2, pp. /titles/970#lf0216_head_499
  8. Immaterial Products—A. Clément. /titles/970#lf0216_head_568
  9. Industry, Progress Of.—A. Clément. /titles/970#lf0216_head_588
  10. Wants—A. Clément /titles/971#lf0216_head_1099
  11. Wealth—A. Clément /titles/971#lf0216_head_1108

Charles Coquelin:

  1. Agents, Natural—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_027
  2. Agio—Charles Coquelin
  3. Appropriation.—Charles Coquelin. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_073
  4. Arbitrage—Charles Coquelin. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_075
  5. Artisans—Charles Coquelin. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_091
  6. Assignats—Charles Coquelin. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_096
  7. Ateliers Nationaux—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_099
  8. Bank Notes—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_116
  9. Capital—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_187
  10. Circulation Of Wealth.—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_229
  11. Competition.—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_261
  12. Compulsory Circulation- Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_263
  13. Concession—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#Lalor_0216-01_3508
  14. Debt, Imprisonment For—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_354
  15. Distribution Of Wealth—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_383
  16. Encouragement Of Industry By The State—Bounties, Etc., General Principles—Ch. Coquelin /titles/970#lf0216_head_421
  17. Exchange Of Wealth—Ch. Coquelin /titles/970#lf0216_head_436
  18. Historical Sums, Valuation Of—Ch. Coquelin /titles/970#lf0216_head_550
  19. Industry—Ch. Coquelin. /titles/970#lf0216_head_585
  20. Inheritance—Ch. Coquelin. /titles/970#lf0216_head_590
  21. Navigation Act—Ch. Coquelin. /titles/970#lf0216_head_766
  22. Political Economy—Ch. Coquelin /titles/971#lf0216_head_862

Léon Faucher:

  1. Interest—Léon Faucher /titles/970#lf0216_head_595
  2. Labor, The Right To (In French Politico-Economic History)—Léon Faucher. /titles/970#lf0216_head_644
  3. Property—L. Faucher /titles/971#lf0216_head_894 pp. 383-91.

Joseph Garnier:

  1. Arithmetic, Political—Joseph Garnier. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_084
  2. Consumption Of Wealth—Joseph Garnier /titles/1679#lf0216_head_296
  3. Cost Of Collection Of Taxes.—Joseph Garnier /titles/1679#lf0216_head_321
  4. Demand And Supply—Joseph Garnier /titles/1679#lf0216_head_365
  5. Entrepreneur—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_425
  6. Exports And Imports—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_442
  7. Freedom Of Labor—Joseph Garnier. /titles/970#lf0216_head_491
  8. Inventions—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_607
  9. Laissez Faire—Laissez Passer—Joseph Garnier. /titles/970#lf0216_head_645
  10. List, And His System—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_676
  11. Malthus, Thomas Robert—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_696
  12. Mercantile System—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_716
  13. Physiocrates—Joseph Garnier /titles/971#lf0216_head_850
  14. Population—Joseph Garnier /titles/971#lf0216_head_869
  15. Ricardo David—Joseph Garnier. /titles/971#lf0216_head_942

J.E. Horn:

  1. Bankruptcy, National - J.E. Horn /titles/1679#lf0216_head_118
  2. Banks - J.E. Horn /titles/1679#lf0216_head_119
  3. Credit-J.E. Horn /titles/1679#lf0216_head_334
  4. Debts, Political Economy of National-J.E. Horn /titles/1679#lf0216_head_356

Louis Leclerc:

  1. Banks, Advantages of Savings - Louis Leclerc /titles/1679#lf0216_head_122

G. De Molinari:

  1. Cities And Towns.—G. De Molinari /titles/1679#lf0216_head_231
  2. Civilization—G. De Molinari /titles/1679#lf0216_head_236
  3. Fashions, Political Economy Of—G De Molinari /titles/970#lf0216_head_457
  4. Fine Arts, The—G. De Molinari /titles/970#lf0216_head_471
  5. International, The, Or The International Association Of Workingmen—G. De Molinari /titles/970#lf0216_head_601
  6. Nations, In Political Economy—G. De Molinari /titles/970#lf0216_head_763
  7. Nobility.—G. De Molinari. /titles/970#lf0216_head_784
  8. Protection—G. De Molinari /titles/971#lf0216_head_898

H. Passy:

  1. Climate, Politico-Economic Aspects Of—H. Passy /titles/1679#lf0216_head_242
  2. Government—Hippolyte Passy /titles/970#lf0216_head_514
  3. Rent—H. Passy /titles/971#lf0216_head_929
  4. Utility—Hippolyte Passy /titles/971#lf0216_head_1085
  5. Value—Hippolyte Passy /titles/971#lf0216_head_1088

Say Family:

  1. Agiotage—Horace Say /titles/1679#lf0216_head_029
  2. Clientèle And Custom—Léon Say. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_240
  3. Division Of Labor—Horace Say /titles/1679#lf0216_head_387
  4. Moral And Political Science—J. B. Say /titles/970#lf0216_head_738
  5. Nature Of Things—J. B. Say. /titles/970#lf0216_head_765
  6. Outlet—J. B. Say /titles/971#lf0216_head_815

Courcelle Seneuil:

  1. Fortunes, Private—Courcelle Seneuil. /titles/970#lf0216_head_482
  2. Fourierism—Courcelle Seneuil /titles/970#lf0216_head_483
  3. Land—Courcelle-Seneuil /titles/970#lf0216_head_647
  4. Law's System—Courcelle-Seneuil /titles/970#lf0216_head_660
  5. Laws Sumptuary—Courcelle-Seneuil /titles/970#lf0216_head_662

Others: L. Wolowski, Ch. Dunoyer, Augustin Cochin, M. Monjean, Louis Reybaud, Guizot:

  1. Addendum to Property by L. Wolowski and Emile Levasseur. /titles/971#lf0216_label_220
  2. Paper Money—L. Wolowski /titles/971#lf0216_head_819
  3. Production Of Wealth—Ch. Dunoyer /titles/971#lf0216_head_889
  4. Slavery—Augustin Cochin /titles/971#lf0216_head_991
  5. Smith, Adam—M. Monjean /titles/971#lf0216_head_993
  6. Socialism And Socialists—Louis Reybaud /titles/971#lf0216_head_995
  7. Third Estate—Guizot /titles/971#lf0216_head_1055

Alphabetical List of Articles by the French Economists:

100 articles were translated.

VOLUME I. Abdication - Duty :

  1. Absenteeism—Ambroise Clément /titles/1679#lf0216_head_006
  2. Accumulation Of Wealth—Ambroise Clément /titles/1679#lf0216_head_015
  3. Agents, Natural—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_027
  4. Agio—Charles Coquelin
  5. Agiotage—Horace Say /titles/1679#lf0216_head_029
  6. Appropriation.—Charles Coquelin. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_073
  7. Arbitrage—Charles Coquelin. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_075
  8. Aristocracy.—Henri Baudrillart. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_082
  9. Arithmetic, Political—Joseph Garnier. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_084
  10. Armies, Standing—Ambroise Clément /titles/1679#lf0216_head_088
  11. Artisans—Charles Coquelin. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_091
  12. Assignats—Charles Coquelin. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_096
  13. Association And Associations—Ambroise Clément. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_097
  14. Ateliers Nationaux—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_099
  15. Bank Notes—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_116
  16. Bankruptcy, National - J.E. Horn /titles/1679#lf0216_head_118
  17. Banks - J.E. Horn /titles/1679#lf0216_head_119
  18. Banks, Advantages of Savings - Louis Leclerc /titles/1679#lf0216_head_122
  19. Billion- Michel Chevalier /titles/1679#lf0216_head_138
  20. Capital—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_187
  21. Charity, Private—Ambroise Clément /titles/1679#lf0216_head_209
  22. Charity, Public - Henri Baudrillart /titles/1679#lf0216_head_210
  23. Charity, State - A.E. Cherbuliez /titles/1679#lf0216_head_211
  24. Churches And Religions, Politico-economical Aspects of - A.E. Cherbuliez /titles/1679#lf0216_head_225
  25. Circulation Of Wealth.—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_229
  26. Cities And Towns.—G. De Molinari /titles/1679#lf0216_head_231
  27. Civilization—G. De Molinari /titles/1679#lf0216_head_236
  28. Clientèle And Custom—Léon Say. /titles/1679#lf0216_head_240
  29. Climate, Politico-Economic Aspects Of—H. Passy /titles/1679#lf0216_head_242
  30. Communism—Henri Baudrillart /titles/1679#lf0216_head_260
  31. Competition.—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_261
  32. Compulsory Circulation- Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_263
  33. Concession—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#Lalor_0216-01_3508
  34. Consumption, Taxes On Articles Of—Ambroise Clément /titles/1679#lf0216_head_295
  35. Consumption Of Wealth—Joseph Garnier /titles/1679#lf0216_head_296
  36. Cost Of Collection Of Taxes.—Joseph Garnier /titles/1679#lf0216_head_321
  37. Credit-J.E. Horn /titles/1679#lf0216_head_334
  38. Debt, Imprisonment For—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_354
  39. Debts, Political Economy of National-J.E. Horn /titles/1679#lf0216_head_356
  40. Demand And Supply—Joseph Garnier /titles/1679#lf0216_head_365
  41. Democracy—Henry Baudrillart /titles/1679#lf0216_head_366
  42. Distribution Of Wealth—Charles Coquelin /titles/1679#lf0216_head_383
  43. Division Of Labor—Horace Say /titles/1679#lf0216_head_387

VOLUME II. East India Company- Nullification:

  1. Encouragement Of Industry By The State—Bounties, Etc., General Principles—Ch. Coquelin /titles/970#lf0216_head_421
  2. Entrepreneur—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_425
  3. Exchange Of Wealth—Ch. Coquelin /titles/970#lf0216_head_436
  4. Exports And Imports—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_442
  5. Family—Henri Baudrillart /titles/970#lf0216_head_453
  6. Fashions, Political Economy Of—G De Molinari /titles/970#lf0216_head_457
  7. Fine Arts, The—G. De Molinari /titles/970#lf0216_head_471
  8. Fortunes, Private—Courcelle Seneuil. /titles/970#lf0216_head_482
  9. Fourierism—Courcelle Seneuil /titles/970#lf0216_head_483
  10. Freedom Of Labor—Joseph Garnier. /titles/970#lf0216_head_491
  11. Functionaries—A. Clément. /titles/970#lf0216_head_499
  12. Government—Hippolyte Passy /titles/970#lf0216_head_514
  13. Historical Sums, Valuation Of—Ch. Coquelin /titles/970#lf0216_head_550
  14. Immaterial Products—A. Clément. /titles/970#lf0216_head_568
  15. Industry—Ch. Coquelin. /titles/970#lf0216_head_585
  16. Industry, Progress Of.—A. Clément. /titles/970#lf0216_head_588
  17. Inheritance—Ch. Coquelin. /titles/970#lf0216_head_590
  18. Interest—Léon Faucher /titles/970#lf0216_head_595
  19. International, The, Or The International Association Of Workingmen—G. De Molinari /titles/970#lf0216_head_601
  20. Inventions—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_607
  21. Labor, The Right To (In French Politico-Economic History)—Léon Faucher. /titles/970#lf0216_head_644
  22. Laissez Faire—Laissez Passer—Joseph Garnier. /titles/970#lf0216_head_645
  23. Land—Courcelle-Seneuil /titles/970#lf0216_head_647
  24. Law, Spoliation by - Frédéric Bastiat /titles/970#lf0216_head_659
  25. Law's System—Courcelle-Seneuil /titles/970#lf0216_head_660
  26. Laws Sumptuary—Courcelle-Seneuil /titles/970#lf0216_head_662
  27. List, And His System—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_676
  28. Malthus, Thomas Robert—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_696
  29. Mercantile System—Joseph Garnier /titles/970#lf0216_head_716
  30. Mexico—Michel Chevalier /titles/970#lf0216_head_718
  31. Monarchy—Henri Baudrillart /titles/970#lf0216_head_730
  32. Moral And Political Science—J. B. Say /titles/970#lf0216_head_738
  33. Nations, In Political Economy—G. De Molinari /titles/970#lf0216_head_763
  34. Nature Of Things—J. B. Say. /titles/970#lf0216_head_765
  35. Navigation Act—Ch. Coquelin. /titles/970#lf0216_head_766
  36. Nobility.—G. De Molinari. /titles/970#lf0216_head_784

Vol. 3 Oath - Zollverein:

  1. Outlet—J. B. Say /titles/971#lf0216_head_815
  2. Paper Money—L. Wolowski /titles/971#lf0216_head_819
  3. Physiocrates—Joseph Garnier /titles/971#lf0216_head_850
  4. Plenty And Dearth—Frédéric Bastiat /titles/971#lf0216_head_856
  5. Political Economy—Ch. Coquelin /titles/971#lf0216_head_862
  6. Population—Joseph Garnier /titles/971#lf0216_head_869
  7. Production Of Wealth—Ch. Dunoyer /titles/971#lf0216_head_889
  8. Property—L. Faucher /titles/971#lf0216_head_894 pp. 383-91.
    1. Addendum by L. Wolowski and Emile Levasseur. /titles/971#lf0216_label_220
  9. Protection—G. De Molinari /titles/971#lf0216_head_898
  10. Rent—H. Passy /titles/971#lf0216_head_929
  11. Republic—Henri Baudrillart. /titles/971#lf0216_head_932
  12. Ricardo David—Joseph Garnier. /titles/971#lf0216_head_942
  13. Slavery—Augustin Cochin /titles/971#lf0216_head_991
  14. Smith, Adam—M. Monjean /titles/971#lf0216_head_993
  15. Socialism And Socialists—Louis Reybaud /titles/971#lf0216_head_995
  16. Society—Henri Baudrillart /titles/971#lf0216_head_998
  17. Third Estate—Guizot /titles/971#lf0216_head_1055
  18. Utility—Hippolyte Passy /titles/971#lf0216_head_1085
  19. Value—Hippolyte Passy /titles/971#lf0216_head_1088
  20. Wants—A. Clément /titles/971#lf0216_head_1099
  21. Wealth—A. Clément /titles/971#lf0216_head_1108