Lalor’s Cyclopedia - Preface and Table of Contents

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Updated: August 10, 2018

Source: Cyclopedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and of the Political History of the United States by the best American and European Authors, ed. John J. Lalor (Chicago: M.B. Carey, 1899). 3 vols. Lalor's Preface.

Copyright: The text is in the public domain.

Fair Use: This material is put online to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. Unless otherwise stated in the Copyright Information section above, this material may be used freely for educational and academic purposes. It may not be used in any way for profit.

OLL Editor's Note:

  • Below is the complete Table of Contents of Lalor's massive three volume work on political economy. It is useful because it provides the names of the authors of most of the entries. We also include here Lalor's Preface which reveals the fact that many of the articles were translated from European works such as "the Dictionnaire de l'Economie Politique, the Dictionnaire Général de la Politique, the Staatswörterbuch". Other material includes "original articles by Mr. T. E. Cliffe Leslie, the eminent English economist; while the American articles are by the best American and Canadian writers on political economy and political science. The task of writing the articles on the political history of the United States was confided to one person, Mr. Alexander Johnston, of Norwalk, Connecticut, thoroughness, conciseness and the absence of repetition and of redundancy being thus secured."
  • The main contributors, with 10 or more articles each, are the following: Alexander Johnston (293), Maurice Block (85), Charles Coquelin (23), A.R. Spofford (20), J.C. Bluntschli (17), Joseph Garnier (15), Ambroise Clément (13), John W. Clampitt (12), J. R. McCulloch (11), Jules Simon (10), and E. J. James (10).
Lalor's Preface

NEITHER American nor English literature has hitherto possessed a Cyclopædia of Political Science and Political Economy. The want of a work of reference on these important branches of knowledge has long been felt, especially by lawyers, journalists, members of our state and national legislatures, and the large and intelligent class of capitalists and business men who give serious thought to the political and social questions of the day. The present work, which will be completed in three volumes, is the first to supply that want. It is also the first Political History of the United States in encyclopædic form—the first to which the reader can refer for an account of the important events or facts in our political history, as he would to a dictionary for the precise meaning of a word. The French, the Germans and even the Italians are richer in works of reference on political science and political economy than the Americans or the English. The Germans have Rotteck and Welcker's Staatslexikon, and Bluntschli and Brater's Staatswörterbuch; the French, Block's Dictionnaire Général de la Politique, and the celebrated Dictionnaire de l'Economie Politique, edited by Guillaumin and Coquelin.

The "Cyclopædia of Political Science, Political Economy, and of the Political History of the United States" is intended to be to the American and English reader what the above-named works are to French and German students of political science and political economy. The articles by foreigners in our work are largely translations from the Dictionnaire de l'Economie Politique, the Dictionnaire Général de la Politique, the Staatswörterbuch, and original articles by Mr. T. E. Cliffe Leslie, the eminent English economist; while the American articles are by the best American and Canadian writers on political economy and political science. The task of writing the articles on the political history of the United States was confided to one person, Mr. Alexander Johnston, of Norwalk, Connecticut, thoroughness, conciseness and the absence of repetition and of redundancy being thus secured.

It has been our aim to produce a work covering ground not covered by other cyclopædias. Hence, the biographies of American statesmen are made purposely very short, ours not being a biographical dictionary. The biographies in question are intended mainly to supplement the articles on the political history of the United States; just as our Cyclopædia itself is intended as a supplement to every other cyclopædia in the English language. It is, in fact, a special Cyclopædia, and bears the same relation to other cyclopædias that, for instance, a cyclopædia of law, medicine or engineering does. Great care has been taken in the articles from the French and German to preserve the exact meaning of the writer. In no instance has any liberty been taken with the thought of a contributor. The editor has not sought to harmonize the ideas of so many writers, and yet in very few instances will the opinions of one writer be found in direct conflict with those of another. The same subject is, in some cases, treated by two writers, but from a somewhat different point of view, under titles almost identical; and in these cases the difference of title serves merely for convenience of reference.

A little familiarity with the work will satisfy the reader that the articles from French and German writers are as applicable in the United States as in France and Germany. There is no more a French or German or American political economy or political science than there is a German or French or American science of astronomy or chemistry. It would have been well, some may think, if all the articles had been supplied by American writers. No one, however, can regret that those not written by Americans are from the pens of the most eminent European writers, men like T. E. Cliffe Leslie, J. C. Bluntschli, Brater, Bastiat, Barthélmy Saint-Hilaire, Baudrillart, Chevalier, Clément, Coquelin, Coquerel, Finali, Joseph Garnier, Guizot, v. Holtzendorff, Horn, Paul Janet, Laboulaye, v. Mangoldt, de Molinari, de Quatrefages, Remusat, Roscher, J. B. Say, Léon Say, Jules Simon, Thiers, Wolowski, Wagner and Wirth. The fact that every article is signed by the writer of it, and that each writer is an authority on the subject on which he writes, gives to the work a value which it would not otherwise possess. This feature is, we feel confident, one which the reader will appreciate.

In no country in the world is the necessity of the study of political science and political economy greater than in the United States, in which every citizen is, directly or indirectly—through the medium of his vote—a legislator; and yet, in no great country, perhaps, has the study of politics as a science been so utterly neglected. Our experience as a people during the last decade has demonstrated how very important it is to lay before the great body of readers reliable works to which they may refer, when occasion requires, for the principles by which all great national questions are solved. The people of the United States for the past ten years, to go no farther back in their history, have been, so to speak, one great debating club, discussing such questions as the resumption of specie payments, contraction of the currency, inflation of the currency, money, paper money, the nature and cure of commercial depressions, the demonetization of silver, banks, savings banks, bi-metallism, the relations of capital and labor, the right of employment, socialism, communism, strikes, railroad policy, civil service, civil service reform, etc., etc. The thinking portion of the people have eagerly devoured whatever they could find on these topics.

Other questions equally important are springing up every year, both in the national and state legislatures, questions relating to interest, the hours of labor, taxation, temperance, etc. These and kindred questions are, or may very easily become, questions of practical politics, or of political economy as applied to politics. In the present work these and similar subjects can be found discussed, from the standpoint of the statesman and legislator, by the best minds of the age, each under its proper title and in alphabetical order.

We think that the time at which our work appears is peculiarly opportune, for never before was the attention of the American people turned to questions of political science and political economy, more than now.

The publishers and editor desire to thank the contributors to this work for the readiness with which they accepted the invitation to write for its pages; and the unselfish interest they have one and all manifested in its success. Our acknowledgments, however, are due in a special manner to Mr. Horace White, of New York; to Mr. A. R. Spofford, Librarian of Congress; to Mr. Edward Atkinson, of Boston; to Mr. John Jay Knox, Comptroller of the Currency, and to Mr. Max. Eberhardt, of Chicago.


Table of Contents

CONTENTS OF EACH VOLUME

VOLUME I. ABDICATION - DUTY

A

  • ABDICATION—MAURICE BLOCK
  • ABOLITION AND ABOLITIONISTS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEX. JOHNSTON
  • ABSENTEEISM—AMBROISE CLÉMENT
  • ABSOLUTE POWER—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI
  • ABSOLUTISM—MAURICE BLOCK
  • ABSTENTION—MAURICE BLOCK
  • ABUSES IN POLITICS—BLOCK
  • ABYSSINIA—MAURICE BLOCK
  • ACADEMIES—XAVIER HEUSCHLING
  • ACADEMIES (IN AMERICA)—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • ACCLAMATION—M. B.
  • ACCUMULATION OF WEALTH—AMBROISE CLÉMENT
  • ACT—X.
  • ADAMS, CHARLES FRANCIS—A. J.
  • ADAMS, JOHN—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ADAMS, SAMUEL—X
  • ADJOURNMENT. (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • ADMINISTRATION. (See CIVIL ADMINISTRATION.)
  • ADMINISTRATIONS (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • AFRICA—JULES DUVAL
  • AGE, POLITICAL ASPECTS OF—MAURICE BLOCK
  • AGENT, DIPLOMATIC—JULES GRENIER and MAURICE BLOCK
  • AGENTS, NATURAL—CHARLES COQUELIN
  • AGIO—CHARLES COQUELIN
  • AGIOTAGE—HORACE SAY
  • AGRICULTURE—L. DE LAVERGNE
  • ALABAMA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ALABAMA CLAIMS (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ALASKA
  • ALBANY PLAN OF UNION (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ALBANY REGENCY, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ALCALDE—M. B.
  • ALCOHOL, TAX ON. (See DISTILLED SPIRITS.)
  • ALGERIA—CHARLES DU BOUZET
  • ALGERINE WAR (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ALIEN AND SEDITION LAWS (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ALIENS—MAX. EBERHARDT
  • ALLEGIANCE (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ALLEGIANCE, OATH OF—MAURICE BLOCK
  • ALLIANCE—L. LEGAULT
  • ALLIANCE, THE HOLY—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI
  • ALLOYAGE—CH. C.
  • ALMANACH DE GOTHA—M. BLOCK
  • ALSACE-LORRAINE—M. BLOCK
  • AMBASSADOR—M. BLOCK
  • AMBITION, POLITICAL—JULES SIMON
  • AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION (See CONSTITUTION.)
  • AMERICA—M. BLOCK
  • AMERICAN MERCHANT MARINE—DAVID A. WELLS
  • AMERICAN PARTY, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • AMERICAN WHIGS (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—A. J.
  • AMES, FISHER—A. J.
  • AMISTAD CASE, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—A. J.
  • AMNESTY—A. HÉBRARD
  • AMNESTY (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ANAM, EMPIRE OF. (See COCHIN CHINA.)
  • ANARCHY—L. FOUBERT
  • ANCIEN RÉGIME—MAURICE BLOCK
  • ANDORRA, REPUBLIC OF—MAURICE BLOCK
  • ANHALT—M. BLOCK
  • ANNEXATION (IN GENERAL)—M. BLOCK
  • ANNEXATIONS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ANTI-FEDERAL PARTY (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ANTI-MASONRY (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ANTI-NEBRASKA MEN (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • ANTI-RENTERS, THE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • ANTI-SLAVERY. (See ABOLITION.)
  • APPORTIONMENT—TALCOTT WILLIAMS.
  • APPROPRIATION.—CHARLES COQUELIN.
  • APPROPRIATIONS (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • ARBITRAGE—CHARLES COQUELIN.
  • ARBITRARY ARRESTS. (See HABEAS CORPUS.)
  • ARBITRARY POWER—MAURICE BLOCK.
  • ARBITRATION. (See INDUSTRIAL ARBITRATION.)
  • ARCHONS—M. BLOCK.
  • AREOPAGUS.—M. BLOCK.
  • ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION
  • ARISTOCRACY.—HENRI BAUDRILLART.
  • ARISTOCRATIC AND DEMOCRATIC IDEAS.—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI.
  • ARITHMETIC, POLITICAL—JOSEPH GARNIER.
  • ARIZONA—A. J.
  • ARKANSAS—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • ARMISTICE—ROYER COLLARD.
  • ARMIES, STANDING—AMBROISE CLÉMENT
  • ARMY—DE LA BARRE DUPARCQ.
  • ARTHUR, CHESTER A.—A. J.
  • ARTISANS—CHARLES COQUELIN.
  • ARYAN RACES.—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI
  • ASIA—MAURICE BLOCK.
  • ASSEMBLY (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • ASSESSMENTS, POLITICAL—FREDERICK W. WHITRIDGE.
  • ASSIGNATS—CHARLES COQUELIN.
  • ASSOCIATION AND ASSOCIATIONS—AMBROISE CLÉMENT.
  • ASYLUM, RIGHT OF—ROYER COLLARD.
  • ATELIERS NATIONAUX—CHARLES COQUELIN
  • ATTAINDER, BILL OF. (See BILL OF RIGHTS.)
  • ATTORNEYS GENERAL (See ADMINISTRATION.
  • AUSTRALIA (See OCEANICA.)
  • AUSTRIA-HUNGARY—MAURICE BLOCK
  • AUTHORITY—JULES SIMON.
  • AUTHORS, RIGHTS OF—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI
  • AUTOCRAT—M. B.
  • AUTONOMY.—MAURICE BLOCK
  • AYES AND NOES (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)

B

  • BADEN—DR. F. HARDECK
  • BALANCE OF POWER—EUGÈNE ORTOLAN
  • BALANCE OF TRADE—J. R. M'CULLOCH and HUGH G. REID
  • BALLOT—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • BANK CONTROVERSIES (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • BANKING (IN THE UNITED STATES)—JOHN JAY KNOX
  • BANK NOTES—CHARLES COQUELIN
  • BANKRUPTCY—JOHN LOWELL
  • BANKRUPTCY, NATIONAL—J. E. HORN
  • BANKS—J. E. HORN
  • BANKS, FUNCTIONS OF—EDWARD ATKINSON
  • BANKS OF ISSUE—E. J. JAMES
  • BANKS, ADVANTAGES OF SAVINGS—LOUIS LECLERC
  • BANKS, ECONOMY, HISTORY AND MANAGEMENT OF SAVINGS,—JOHN P. TOWNSEND, New York,
  • BAR, THE—THOMAS M. COOLEY
  • BARNBURNERS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • BARRICADE—MAURICE BLOCK
  • BARTER. (See EXCHANGE.)
  • BASTILLE—MAURICE BLOCK
  • BAVARIA—DR. DE POEZL
  • BELGIUM—XAVIER HEUSCHLING
  • BELL, JOHN—A. J.
  • BELLIGERENTS—MACRICE BLOCK
  • BENTON, THOMAS HART—A. J.
  • BERLIN DECREE (See EMBARGO.)
  • BILL—JOHN W. CLAMPITT
  • BILL OF EXCHANGE—J. R. M'CULLOCH and HUGH G. REID
  • BILL OF RIGHTS—JNO. W. CLAMPITT
  • BILLON—MICHEL CHEVALIER
  • BILLS, PUBLIC, PRIVATE, ENROLLED, ETC. (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • BI-METALLISM. (See PARIS MONETARY CONFERENCE.)
  • BIRNEY, JAMES G.—A. J.
  • BLACK COCKADE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • BLACK CODE. (See SLAVERY.)
  • BLACK REPUBLICAN. (See REPUBLICAN PARTY.)
  • BLAINE, JAMES GILLESPIE—A. J.
  • BLAIR, FRANCIS P. Jr—A. J.
  • BLOCKADE—THEODORE S. WOOLSEY
  • BLOODY BILL. (See FORCE BILL, UNDER NULLIFICATION.)
  • BLUE LAWS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • BLUE LIGHT (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • BOARD OF TRADE. (See CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
  • BOLIVIA—A. RABUTAUX
  • BOOTY—MAURICE BLOCK
  • BORDER RUFFIANS (IN U.S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • BORDER STATES, THE (IN U.S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • BOURGEOISIE—JULES GRENIER
  • BOUTWELL, GEORGE SEWALL—A. J.
  • BRAHMANISM—BARTHÉLEMY SAINT-HILAIRE
  • BRAZIL—CHARLES REYBAUD
  • BRECKENRIDGE, JOHN CABELL—A. J.
  • BROAD SEAL WAR, THE (IN U.S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • BROKERS—J. R. M'C.
  • BROOKS, PRESTON—A. J.
  • BROWN, JOHN—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • BUCHANAN, JAMES—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • BUCKSHOT WAR, THE (IN U.S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • BUCKTAILS, (IN U.S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • BUDDHISM—BARTHÉLEMY SAINT-HILAIRE
  • BUDGET—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • BULL, PAPAL—MAURICE BLOCK
  • BUNDESRATH—MAX EBERHARDT
  • BUREAUCRACY—K. BRATER
  • BURGESSES (IN U.S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • BURLINGAME, ANSON—A. J.
  • BURR, AARON—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • BUTLER, BENJ. F.—A. J.
  • BUTLER, WILLIAM ORLANDO—A. J.

C

  • CABINET AND CABINETS. (See ADMINISTRATIONS, GREAT BRITAIN, UNITED STATES.)
  • CACHET, LETTRES DE—H. G. BOHN
  • CÆSARISM—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI
  • CALENDAR. (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • CALHOUN, JOHN CALDWELL—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CALIFORNIA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CANADA. (See DOMINION OF CANADA.)
  • CANALS—J. R. M'C.
  • CANON LAW. (See LAW.)
  • CAPITAL—CHARLES COQUELIN
  • CAPITAL, THE NATIONAL (IN U.S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CAPITULATION—MAURICE BLOCK
  • CARICATURE—HECTOR PESSARD
  • CARPET BAGGERS—A. J.
  • CARTEL (See EXCHANGE OF PRISONERS.)
  • CASS, LEWIS—A. J.
  • CASUS BELLI—MAURICE BLOCK
  • CAUCUS, THE CONGRESSIONAL (IN U.S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CAUCUS SYSTEM—FREDERICK W. WHITRIDGE
  • CAUSE AND EFFECT IN POLITICS—M. B.
  • CELIBACY, CLERICAL—WEGELE
  • CELIBACY, POLITICAL ASPECTS OF—M. B.
  • CELTS. (See RACES.)
  • CENSURE. (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • CENSURE OF MORALS.—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI
  • CENSURES (IN U.S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CENSUS—MAURICE BLOCK
  • CENTRALIZATION and DECENTRALIZATION.—K. BRATER
  • CEREMONIAL, INTERNATIONAL—STRAUCH
  • CHAMBER OF COMMERCE—E. D.
  • CHARGÉ D'AFFAIRES. (See AGENT, DIPLOMATIC.)
  • CHARITY, PRIVATE—AMBROISE CLÉMENT
  • CHARITY, PUBLIC (EFFECTS OF)—HENRI BAUDRILLART
  • CHARITY, STATE (POLITICAL ECONOMY OF)—A. E. CHERBULIEZ
  • CHASE, SALMON PORTLAND—A. J.
  • CHECKS AND BALANCES—CASIMER PÉRIER
  • CHEROKEE CASE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CHESAPEAKE CASE. (See UNITED STATES.)
  • CHILI.—A. RABUTAUX
  • CHINA—W. E. GRIFFIS
  • CHINESE IMMIGRATION.—HENRY GEORGE
  • CHIVALRY.—A. RABUTAUX
  • CHRISTIANITY.—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI
  • CHURCH AND STATE—MICHEL NICOLAS
  • CHURCH, ANGLICAN (See GREAT BRITAIN.)
  • CHURCH, CATHOLIC (See ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH.)
  • CHURCH, GREEK—CHOPIN
  • CHURCHES AND RELIGIONS, POLITICO-ECONOMICAL ASPECTS OF—A. E. CHERBULIEZ
  • CHURCHES, PROTESTANT—MICHEL NICOLAS
  • CINCINNATI, ORDER OF THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CIPHER DISPATCHES AND DECIPHERMENT—HENRI LEGEAY
  • CIRCULATION OF WEALTH.—CHARLES COQUELIN
  • CITIES, ADMINISTRATION OF AMERICAN—SIMON STERNE
  • CITIES AND TOWNS.—G. DE MOLANARI
  • CIVIL ADMINISTRATION—DORMAN B. EATON
  • CIVIL LIST.—XAVIER HEUSCHLING
  • CIVIL RIGHTS BILL, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CIVIL SERVICE REFORM—DORMAN B. EATON
  • CIVILIZATION—G. DE MOLINARI
  • CLAY, HENRY—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CLEARING, AND CLEARING HOUSES—H. D. LLOYD
  • CLERICALISM—C. HUMANN
  • CLIENTÈLE AND CUSTOM—LÉON SAY.
  • CLIMATE, (EFFECTS OF, ON MAN)—HECTOR PESSARD
  • CLIMATE, POLITICO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF—H. PASSY
  • CLINTON, DE WITT—A. J.
  • CLINTON, GEORGE—A. J.
  • CLÔTURE (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • COASTING TRADE—J. R. M'C.
  • COCHIN CHINA—C. LAVOLLÉE
  • COINAGE—HORATIO BURCHARD
  • COLFAX, SCHUYLER—A. J.
  • COLONIZATION SOCIETY (See ABOLITION.)
  • COLORADO—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • COLOMBIA (See NEW GRANADA.)
  • COMMERCE.—HENRY RICHELOT
  • COMMERCIAL CRISES
  • COMMISSION, CONSTITUTIONAL.(See CONVENTION, CONSTITUTIONAL.)
  • COMMITTEES (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • COMMON LAW (See LAW.)
  • COMMONS, HOUSE OF. (See GREAT BRITAIN.)
  • COMMUNE, PARIS—C. LAVOLLÉE
  • COMMUNISM—HENRI BAUDRILLART
  • COMPETITION.—CHARLES COQUELIN
  • COMPROMISES (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • COMPULSORY CIRCULATION—CH C
  • COMPULSORY EDUCATION (See EDUCATION.)
  • CONCESSION—CH. C.
  • CONCLAVE.—MAURICE BLOCK
  • CONCLUSUM—M. B.
  • CONCORDAT—GASTON DE BOURGE
  • CONFEDERATE STATES, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONFEDERATION—E. CAUCHY
  • CONFEDERATION, ARTICLES OF (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONFEDERATION, GERMANIC. (See GERMAN EMPIRE
  • CONFERENCE—JULES GRENIER
  • CONFERENCE, CONVENTION OR CONGRESS, PEACE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONFIRMATION BY THE SENATE—DORMAN B. EATON
  • CONGREGATIONS—HECTOR PESSARD, MAURICE BLOCK
  • CONGRESS (IN INTERNATIONAL LAW)—JULES GRENIER
  • CONGRESS (U. S.)—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • CONGRESS, CONTINENTAL (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONGRESS, PEACE. (See CONFERENCE, PEACE.)
  • CONGRESS, POWERS OF (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONGRESS, SESSIONS OF (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONKLING, ROSCOE—A. J.
  • CONNECTICUT—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONQUEST—JULES GRENIER
  • CONSEILS DES PRUD'HOMMES—JOS. D. WEEKS
  • CONSERVATIVE—L. DE LAVERGNE
  • CONSERVATIVE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONSTITUTIONS, VARIATIONS IN STATE
  • CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION (See CONVENTION, CONSTITUTIONAL.)
  • CONSTITUTIONAL UNION PARTY, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONSTRUCTION (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONSULS—RITTIEZ
  • CONSUMPTION, TAXES ON ARTICLES OF—AMBROISE CLÉMENT
  • CONSUMPTION OF WEALTH—JOSEPH GARNIER
  • CONTEMPT. (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • CONTESTED ELECTIONS (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • CONTINENTAL SYSTEM (See EMBARGO.)
  • CONTRABAND OF WAR—WERNER
  • CONTRACT, SOCIAL. (See SOCIAL CONTRACT.)
  • CONTRIBUTION OF WAR—JULES GRENIER
  • CONVENTION, THE HARTFORD (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CONVENTION, JOINT. (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • CONVENTION, PEACE. (See CONFERENCE, PEACE.)
  • CONVENTION, THE CONSTITUTIONAL—JOHN A. JAMESON
  • CONVENTION OF (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • COODIES, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • CO-OPERATION—MAURICE BLOCK
  • CO-OPERATION, U. S. (See SECESSION.)
  • COPPERHEAD (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • COPYRIGHT—H. D. MACLEOD
  • COREA—W. E. GRIFFIS.
  • CORN LAWS.—J. R. M'C. and H. G. R.
  • CORPORAL'S GUARD—A. J.
  • CORPORATIONS, LAW OF—THOMAS M. COOLEY
  • CORPORATIONS, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RELATIONS OF—EDWARD S. ISHAM.
  • CORRUPTION IN POLITICS—MAURICE BLOCK
  • CORTES—M. B.
  • COSMOPOLITANISM—M. B.
  • COST OF COLLECTION OF TAXES.—JOSEPH GARNIER
  • COST OF PRODUCTION.—T. E. CLIFFE LESLIE
  • COSTA RICA—M. B.
  • COUNCIL (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • COUNCILS—JULES PAUTET and C. HUMANN
  • COUNCILS OF WAR—J. H.
  • COUPS D'ETAT—JULES PAUTET
  • COURIERS—M. B.
  • COURT MARTIAL—JNO. W. CLAMPITT
  • COURTS, U. S. (See JUDICIARY.)
  • COVODE INVESTIGATION—A. J.
  • CRAWFORD, Wm. HARRIS—A. J.
  • CREDENTIALS—M. B.
  • CREDIT—J. E. HORN
  • CREDIT, LETTER OF—BOHN
  • CRÉDIT FONCIER—H. D. MACLEOD
  • CRÉDIT MOBILIER—H. D. MACLEOD
  • CRÉDIT MOBILIER (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CREOLE CASE, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • CRISES, COMMERCIAL. (See COMMERCIAL CRISES)
  • CRITTENDEN, JOHN JORDAN—A. J.
  • CRUSADES—HENRI THIERS
  • CUMBERLAND ROAD (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • CURRENCY. (See MONEY)
  • CUSHING, CALEB—A. J.
  • CUSTOMS DUTIES—E. J. JAMES

D

  • DAKOTA—A. J.
  • DALLAS, GEORGE MIFFLIN—A. J.
  • DAVIS, HENRY WINTER—A. J.
  • DAVIS, JEFFERSON—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DAYTON, WILLIAM LEWIS—A. J.
  • DEATH PENALTY, THE—FAUSTIN HÉLIE
  • DEBT, IMPRISONMENT FOR—CHARLES COQUELIN
  • DEBTS, NATIONAL, STATE AND LOCAL—ROBERT P. PORTER
  • DEBTS, POLITICAL ECONOMY OF NATIONAL—J. E. HORN
  • DECENTRALIZATION—MAURICE BLOCK
  • DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DECLARATION OF PARIS. (See ALABAMA CLAIMS.)
  • DECLARATION OF WAR—F. RITTIEZ
  • DECLINE, NATIONAL—MAURICE BLOCK
  • DEFINITIONS IN POLITICAL ECONOMY—T. E. CLIFFE LESLIE
  • DELAWARE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DEMAGOGISM—CLÉMENT DUVERNOIS
  • DEMAND AND SUPPLY—JOSEPH GARNIER
  • DEMOCRACY—HENRY BAUDRILLART
  • DEMOCRACY, REPRESENTATIVE—BLUNTSCHLI
  • DEMOCRAT (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • DEMOCRATIC CLUBS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DEMOCRATIC - REPUBLICAN PARTY, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DENMARK—ROTHE
  • DEPOSITS, REMOVAL OF—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DESCENT OF PROPERTY. (See INHERITANCE.)
  • DESPOTISM—EMILE CHÉDIEU
  • DICTATOR—CLÉMENT DUVERNOIS
  • DIETS AND DIETINES—HENRY LEGEAY
  • DIPLOMACY—MAURICE BLOCK
  • DIPLOMATIC AGENTS. (See AGENT, DIPLOMATIC.)
  • DISCOUNT—J. R. M'CULLOCH and H. G. REID
  • DISPUTED ELECTIONS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DISTILLED SPIRITS, CONSIDERED IN REFERENCE TO TAXATION—EXPERIENCE OF THE UNITED STATES—DAVID A. WELLS
  • DISTRIBUTION LAWS (See INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.)
  • DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH—CHARLES COQUELIN
  • DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, THE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DIVIDE AND REIGN—MAURICE BLOCK
  • DIVINE RIGHT—M. B.
  • DIVISION OF LABOR—HORACE SAY
  • DIVORCE—HECTOR PESSARD
  • DOCTRINARIANS—MAURICE BLOCK
  • DOMINION OF CANADA—H. B. WITTON
  • DORR REBELLION—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DOUGLAS, STEPHEN ARNOLD—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DRAFTS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DRAWBACK—J. R. M'C. and H. G. R.
  • DRED SCOTT CASE, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • DUELING—HECTOR PESSARD
  • DUTY, POLITICAL—JULES SIMON

VOLUME II. East India Company - Nullification

E

  • EAST INDIA COMPANY—J. R. M'CULLOCH AND HUGH G. REID
  • EAST INDIES—FREDERICK MARTIN
  • ECONOMY, POLITICAL (See POLITICAL ECONOMY.)
  • ECUADOR
  • EDUCATION AND THE STATE—EDWARD CARY
  • EDUCATION, BUREAU OF—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • EDUCATION, COMPULSORY—E. J. JAMES
  • EGYPT—JULES DUVAL, FREDERICK MARTIN
  • ELECTIONS, PRIMARY (See PRIMARY ELECTIONS.)
  • ELECTIVE JUDICIARY (See JUDICIARY, ELECTIVE.)
  • ELECTORAL COLLEGE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ELECTORAL COMMISSION, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ELECTORAL VOTES (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ELECTORS AND THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • EMANCIPTION, POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS—CASIMIR FOURNIER, ATH. COQUEREL, JR, ETIENNE COQUEREL
  • EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • EMBARGO, ANGARIA, ARRÊT DE PRINCE—CH. VERGÉ
  • EMBARGO (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION—E. J. JAMES
  • EMINENT DOMAIN—JNO. W. CLAMPITT
  • EMPEROR—JACQUES DE BOISJOLIN
  • ENCOURAGEMENT OF INDUSTRY BY THE STATE—BOUNTIES, ETC., GENERAL PRINCIPLES—CH. COQUELIN
  • ENEMY—EMILE JAY
  • ENGLAND. (See GREAT BRITAIN.)
  • ENGLISH Wm, H.,
  • ENTREPRENEUR—JOSEPH GARNIER
  • EQUITY—BOHN
  • ERA OF GOOD FEELING (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ESSEX JUNTO, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ESTATES, CASTES, CLASSES, ORDERS—B. CHAUVY
  • EUROPE—MAURICE BLOCK
  • EVERETT, EDWARD—A. J.
  • EXCHANGE, AN—HAYDN SMITH
  • EXCHANGE AND "FOREIGN EXCHANGES"—T. E. CLIFFE LESLIE
  • EXCHANGE OF PRISONERS—ROYER-COLLARD
  • EXCHANGE, RATE OF. (See BILL OF EXCHANGE.)
  • EXCHANGE OF WEALTH—CH. COQUELIN
  • EXCISE—E. J. JAMES
  • EXCISE LAW (See WHISKY INSURRECTION.)
  • EXCOMMUNICATION—ET. COQUEREL
  • EXECUTIVE, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • EXEQUATUR—RITTIEZ
  • EXPORTS AND IMPORTS—JOSEPH GARNIER
  • EXPOSITIONS, INDUSTRIAL—J. A. BLANQU EX POST FACTO LAWS—JNO. W. CLAMPITT
  • EXPULSION. (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • EXTERRITORIALITY—RITTIEZ
  • EXTRADITION—DAVID A. WELLS, AND WORTHINGTON C. FORD

F

  • FACTION—ERNEST DRÉOLLE
  • FACTORY LAWS—E. J. JAMES
  • FAIR TRADE—DAVID A. WELLS
  • FAITS ACCOMPLIS—CHARLES DE RÉMUSAT
  • FAMILY—HENRI BAUDRILLART
  • FAREWELL ADDRESSES (IN U. S. HISTORY).—A. J.
  • FARMERS GENERAL—BOHN
  • FARMING, LARGE AND SMALL. (See AGRICULTURE.)
  • FASHIONS, POLITICAL ECONOMY OF—G DE MOLINARI
  • FATHERLAND—B. HAURÉAU
  • FAVORITISM—M. B.
  • FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. (See CONGRESS [Powers of], EXECUTIVE.)
  • FEDERALIST, THE—A. J.
  • FEDERAL PARTY, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • FENIANS—B
  • FEUDAL SYSTEM—BOHN
  • FICTIONS, IN LAW AND IN POLITICAL ECONOMY—T. E. CLIFFE LESLIE
  • FILIBUSTERS (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • FILIBUSTERING. (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • FILLMORE, MILLARD—A. J.
  • FINANCE, AMERICAN—ALBERT S. BOLLES
  • FINANCE, SCIENCE OF—E. J. JAMES
  • FINE ARTS, THE—G. DE MOLINARI
  • FIRE INSURANCE. (See INSURANCE.)
  • FISHERIES—G. BROWN GOODE
  • FITZPATRICK, BENJAMIN
  • FLAG, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • FLORIDA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • FOOT'S RESOLUTION (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • FORCE BILL. (See NULLIFICATION, RECONSTRUCTION, KU-KLUX KLAN.)
  • FORESTRY—FRANKLIN B. HOUGH.
  • FORMOSA—W. E. G.
  • FORTUNE BAY OUTRAGES. (See TREATIES, FISHERY.)
  • FORTUNES, PRIVATE—COURCELLE SENEUIL.
  • FOURIERISM—COURCELLE SENEUIL
  • FOURTH ESTATE—BLUNTSCHLI.
  • FRANCE—PAUL BOITEAU, B., MAURICE BLOCK.
  • FRANCHISE, ELECTIVE. (See SUFFRAGE.)
  • FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • FRANKLIN, STATE OF (See TENNESSEE)
  • FREEDMEN'S BUREAU, THE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • FREEDOM, AND RIGHTS OF FREEDOM—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI.
  • FREEDOM OF LABOR—JOSEPH GARNIER.
  • FREE-SOIL PARTY, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • FREE TRADE—DAVID A. WELLS.
  • FRELINGHUYSEN, THEODORE—A. J.
  • FRÉMONT, JOHN CHARLES—A. J.
  • FRONTIERS—G. CHAMPSEIX.
  • FRONTIERS, NATURAL—SAINT-MARC GIRARDIN
  • FUGITIVE SLAVE LAWS (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • FUNCTIONARIES—A. CLÉMENT.
  • FUND, FUNDING, REFUNDING.—HAYDN SMITH.

G

  • GAG LAWS. (See PETITION.)
  • GALLATIN, ALBERT
  • GAMBETTISM—EDWARD CARY.
  • GARFIELD, JAMES ABRAM—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • GENET, CITIZEN (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • GENEVA ARBITRATION—J. C. BANCROFT DAVIS
  • GEORGIA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • GERMAN EMPIRE—MAX. EBERHARDT, CHICAGO, Ill.
  • GERRY, ELBRIDGE—A. J.
  • GERRYMANDER (IN U. S. HISTORY)
  • GIBRALTAR—L. GOTTARD
  • GOLD—HORATIO C. BURCHARD
  • GOVERNMENT—HIPPOLYTE PASSY
  • GOVERNMENT, PROVISIONAL—MAURICE BLOCK
  • GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION, POLITICAL ECONOMY OF—HENRY FAWCETT
  • GRACE OF GOD—ÉMILE CHÉDIEU
  • GRAHAM, WILLIAM ALEXANDER—A. J.
  • GRANGER, FRANCIS—A. J.
  • GRANGERS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • GRANT, ULYSSES S—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • GREAT BRITAIN—JOHN FISKE
  • GREECE—K. BAUMBACH
  • GREELEY, HORACE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • GREENBACK-LABOR, OR NATIONAL PARTY, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • GREENBACKS. (See UNITED STATES NOTES)
  • GUARANTEE, INTERNATIONAL—F. A. HÉLIE, MAURICE BLOCK
  • GUATEMALA—A. D. H.
  • GUILDS—T. E. CLIFFE LESLIE
  • GUNBOAT SYSTEM, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON

H

  • HABEAS CORPUS—JNO. W. CLAMPITT
  • HABEAS CORPUS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • HALE, JOHN PARKER—A. J.
  • HALIFAX FISHERY COMMISSION (See TREATIES, FISHERY.)
  • HAMILTON, ALEXANDER—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • HAMLIN, HANNIBAL—A. J.
  • HANCOCK, WINFIELD SCOTT—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • HANSEATIC LEAGUE—J. R. M'CULLOCH AND H. G. REID
  • HARPER'S FERRY (See BROWN, JOHN.)
  • HARRISON, WILLIAM HENRY—A. J.
  • HARTFORD CONVENTION. (See CONVENTION, HARTFORD.)
  • HAWA. (See SANDWICH ISLANDS)
  • HAYES, RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD—A. J.
  • HAYTI—G. CHAMPSEIX
  • HENDRICKS, THOMAS ANDERSON—A. J.
  • HENRY DOCUMENTS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • HESSE, GRAND DUCHY OF—M. B.
  • HISTORICAL SOCIETIES (See ACADEMIES.)
  • HISTORICAL SUMS, VALUATION OF—CH. COQUELIN
  • HISTORY—PAUL BOITEAU
  • HISTORY, ECONOMIC AND LEGAL, AND THE HISTORICAL METHOD OF INVESTIGATION—T. E. CLIFFE LESLIE
  • HOLLAND. (See NETHERLANDS, THE)
  • HOLY ALLIANCE. (See ALLIANCE, THE HOLY)
  • HOMESTEAD AND EXEMPTION LAWS—A. R. SPOFFORD.
  • HONDURAS—A. D. H.
  • HOSTAGE—M. B.
  • HOURS OF LABOR, REGULATIONS OF, BY THE STATE—HENRY FAWCETT
  • HOUSE OF COMMONS—JOHN FISKE.
  • HOUSE OF LORDS—JOHN FISKE.
  • HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (IN U. S HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • HOUSTON, SAMUEL—A. J.
  • HUNGARY. (See AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.)
  • HUNKERS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.

I

  • IDAHO—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • ILLINOIS—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • IMMATERIAL PRODUCTS—A. CLÉMENT.
  • IMMIGRATION. (See EMIGRATION.)
  • IMPEACHMENTS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • IMPRESSMENT. (See EMBARGO, IN U. S. HISTORY.)
  • IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT. (See DEBT.)
  • INCOME TAX—WORTHINGTON C. FORD.
  • INDEMNITY IN CASE OF WAR—MAURICE BLOCK.
  • INDEPENDENCE—G. CHAMPSEIN.
  • INDEPENDENT IN POLITICS. (See PRIMARY ELECTIONS.)
  • INDEPENDENT TREASURY (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • INDIA. (See EAST INDIES.)
  • INDIANA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • INDIAN TERRITORY, THE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • INDIVIDUAL AND THE RACE, THE—BLUNTSCHLI
  • INDIVIDUALITY—MAURICE BLOCK.
  • INDUSTRIAL ARBITRATION AND CONCILIATION—Jos. D. WEEKS.
  • INDUSTRIAL EXPOSITIONS. (See EXPOSITIONS, INDUSTRIAL.)
  • INDUSTRY—CH. COQUELIN.
  • INDUSTRY, AGRICULTURAL. (See AGRICULTURE.)
  • INDUSTRY, MANUFACTURING—CH. COQUELIN.
  • INDUSTRY, PROGRESS OF.—A. CLÉMENT.
  • INGERSOLL, JARED—A. J.
  • INHERITANCE—CH. COQUELIN.
  • INSTRUCTIONS—FREDERICK W. WHITRIDGE.
  • INSURANCE—E. J. JAMES
  • INSURRECTION—ERNEST DRÉOLLE
  • INSURRECTION (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • INTEREST—LÉON FAUCHER
  • INTEREST, AFTER THE HISTORICAL METHOD—T. E. CLIFFE LESLIE
  • INTERESTS, MORAL AND MATERIAL—MAURICE BLOCK
  • INTERIOR, DEPARTMENT OF THE—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • INTERNAL REVENUE OF THE UNITED STATES—WORTHINGTON C. FORD
  • INTERNATIONAL, THE, or the INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF WORKINGMEN—G. DE MOLINARI
  • INTERNATIONAL LAW (See LAW, INTERNATIONAL)
  • INTERPELLATION—MAURICE BLOCK
  • INTERREGNUM—JACQUES DES BOISJOSLIN
  • INTERVENTION—FRANCIS EDWARD HERVÉ
  • INVASION—MAURICE BLOCK
  • INVENTIONS—JOSEPH GARNIER
  • IOWA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • IRELAND—A. M. SULLIVAN, M. P.
  • ITALY, KINGDOM OF—GASPAR FINALI., GEROLOMO BOCCARDO., GASPAR FINALI.

J

  • JACKSON, ANDREW—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • JAPAN—W. E. GRIFFIS.
  • JAY, JOHN—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • JAY'S TREATY (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • JEFFERSON, THOMAS—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • JOHNSON, ANDREW—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • JOHNSON, HERSCHEL V
  • JOHNSON, REVERDY
  • JOHNSON, RICHARD MENTOR
  • JOINT RULE (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • JOURNAL. (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • JUDAISM. (See MOSAISM.)
  • JUDICIARY, ELECTIVE—DORMAN B. EATON.
  • JUDICIARY (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • JULIAN, GEORGE W—A. J.
  • JURY, TRAIL BY—FREDERICK W. WHITRIDGE
  • JUSTICE—FÉRAUD-GIRAUD.
  • JUSTICE, DEPARTMENT OF—A. R. SPOFFORD.

K

  • KANSAS—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • KANSAS-NEBRASKA BILL (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • KENTUCKY—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • KENTUCKY AND VIRGINIA RESOLUTIONS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • KITCHEN CABINET (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • KING—BOHN.
  • KING, RUFUS—FEDERAL PARTY, .)
  • KING, WILLIAM RUFUS
  • KNIGHTS OF THE ORDER OF ST. CRISPIN—C. C.
  • KNOW-NOTHING PARTY. (See AMERICAN PARTY.)
  • KOREA.
  • KU-KLUX KLAN (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.

L

  • LABOR—E. J. JAMES.
  • LABOR, THE RIGHT TO (IN FRENCH POLITICO-ECONOMIC HISTORY)—LÉON FAUCILER.
  • LAISSEZ FAIRE—LAISSEZ PASSER—JOSEPH GARNIER.
  • LAMAISM.—MICHEL NICOLAS.
  • LAND—COURCELLE-SENEUIL
  • LAND OFFICE (See PUBLIC LANDS, Office of.)
  • LANDS, PUBLIC. (See PUBLIC LANDS of the United States.)
  • LANE, JOSEPH
  • LA PLATA. (See ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION)
  • LAW, CANON—GASTON DE BOURGE
  • LAW, COMMON—J. W. CLAMPITT
  • LAW, CRIMINAL—JNO. W. CLAMPITT
  • LAW, INTERNATIONAL—K. BRATER
  • LAW, NATURAL (See FICTIONS)
  • LAW, PENAL—FAUSTIN HÉLIE
  • LAW, ROMAN—GASTON DE BOURGE
  • LAW, SPOLIATION BY—FREDERIC BASTIAT
  • LAW'S SYSTEM—COURCELLE-SENEUIL
  • LAWS, AGRARIAN—BOHN
  • LAWS SUMPTUARY—COURCELLE-SENEUIL
  • LEGAL TENDER. (See COMPULSORY CIRCULATION.)
  • LEGISLATION—SIMON STERNE
  • LEGISLATURE (See ASSEMBLY, CONGRESS, HOUSE OF COMMONS, HOUSE OF LORDS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, LEGISLATION)
  • LETTERS PATENT. (See PATENTS.)
  • LIBERALISM—A. NEFFTZER
  • LIBERAL REPUBLICAN PARTY (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • LIBERIA—JULES DUVAL
  • LIBERTY PARTY. (See ABOLITION.)
  • LIBRARY OF CONGRESS—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • LICENSE AND LIBERTY—MAURICE BLOCK
  • LICENSE TAX—WORTHINGTON C. FORD
  • LIFE INSURANCE. (See INSURANCE.)
  • LINCOLN, ABRAHAM—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • LIST, AND HIS SYSTEM—JOSEPH GARNIER
  • LITERATURE—EMILE MONTÉGUT
  • LOBBY—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • LOCAL TAXATION (See TAXATION, NATIONAL AND LOCAL.)
  • LOCO FOCO (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • LOG ROLLING. (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • LOOSE CONSTRUCTION. (See CONSTRUCTION.)
  • LOTTERY—C. LAVOLLÉE
  • LOUISIANA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • LÜBECK—L. SCHWARTZ
  • LUXEMBURG—M. B.

M

  • MACE. (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • MACHIAVELISM—BARTHÉLEMY SAINT-HILAIRE
  • MACHINERY , IT'S SOCIAL AND ECONOMICAL EFFECTS—WILHELM ROSCHER
  • MADAGASCAR—JULES DUVAL
  • MADISON, JAMES—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MAGNA CHARTA—JOHN W. CLAMPITT
  • MAINE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MALTA, GOZO AND COMINO—L. GOTTARD
  • MALTHUS, THOMAS ROBERT—JOSEPH GARNIER
  • MALTHUSIANS. (See POPULATION.)
  • MANDARINS—J DE B.
  • MANGUM WILLIE PERSON
  • MANIFESTO—EUGENE PAIGNON
  • MANUFACTURES. (See INDUSTRY.)
  • MARKET. (See OUTLET.)
  • MARRIAGE—E. DE PARIEU
  • MARSHALL, JOHN—A. J.
  • MARYLAND—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MASON AND DIXON'S LINE. (See MARYLAND.)
  • MASSACHUSETTS—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • McCLELLAN, GEORGE BRINTON
  • McLEAN, JOHN
  • McLEOD CASE, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MECKLENBURG—MAURICE BLOCK
  • MECKLENBURGH DECLARATION (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MEDIATION—EUGÈNE PAIGNON
  • MEDIATIZATION—M. B.
  • MEMORANDUM—EUGÈNE PAIGNON
  • MERCANTILE SYSTEM—JOSEPH GARNIER
  • MESSAGE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • MEXICO—MICHEL CHEVALIER
  • MICHIGAN—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MILAN DECREE. (See EMBARGO, IN U. S. HISTORY.)
  • MILITARY COMMISSIONS, AND THE TRIAL OF THE CONSPIRATORS FOR THE MURDER OF ARAHAM LINCOLN, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
  • MINES
  • MINISTRY—JNO. W. CLAMPITT
  • MINNESOTA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MINORITY REPRESENTATION. (See REPRESENTATION.)
  • MISSISSIPPI—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MISSOURI—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MODUS VIVENDI—MAURICE BLOCK
  • MOHAMMEDANISM—ERNEST RENAN
  • MONARCHY—HENRI BAUDRILLART
  • MONEY AND ITS SUBSTITUTES—HORACE WHITE
  • MONGOLS—W. E. G.
  • MONOPOLIES—SIMON STERNE
  • MONROE, JAMES—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MONROE DOCTRINE—G. KOERNER
  • MONTANA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MONTENEGRO—SMITH
  • MORAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCE—J. B. SAY
  • MORALITY, AGREEMENT OF, WITH POLITICAL ECONOMY—ANDRÉ COCHUT
  • MORALITY, POLITICAL—CHARLES DE RÉMUSAT
  • MORMONS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • MOROCCO, EMPIRE OF—JULES DUVAL
  • MORTON, OLIVER PERRY—A. J.
  • MOSAISM—AD. FRANCK
  • MUNICIPAL BONDS—GEORGE WALTON GREEN
  • MUTSUHITO—W. E. G.

N

  • NATION, DEFINITION OF—HÉLIE
  • NATION, WHAT IS A ?—ERNEST RENAN
  • NATION, THE (IN U.S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • NATIONAL BANKS. (See BANKING in the U.S., and BANK CONTROVERSIES)
  • NATIONAL CAPITAL. (See CAPITAL, NATIONAL.)
  • NATIONAL CEMETERIES—C. C.
  • NATIONAL DEBT. (See DEBTS.)
  • NATIONAL PARTY. (See GREENBACK LABOR PARTY.)
  • NATIONAL REPUBLICAN PARTY. (See WHIG PARTY.)
  • NATIONALITIES, PRINCIPLE OF—MAURICE BLOCK
  • NATIONALITY, LAW OF—EDMUND MUNROE SMITH
  • NATIONS, IN POLITICAL ECONOMY—G. DE MOLINARI
  • NATURALIZATION—GEORGE WALTON GREEN.
  • NATURE OF THINGS—J. B. SAY.
  • NAVIGATION ACT—CH. COQUELIN.
  • NAVIGATION LAWS—DAVID A. WELLS.
  • NAVY—WORTHINGTON C. FORD.
  • NAVY, DEPARTMENT OF THE—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • NEBRASKA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • NEGOTIATIONS—M. B.
  • NETHERLANDS, THE—M. M. DE. BAUMHAUER.
  • NEUTRALITY—E. CAUCHY.
  • NEVADA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • NEW ENGLAND UNION (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • NEW GRANADA
  • NEW HAMPSHIRE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • NEW JERSEY—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • NEW MEXICO—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • NEW YORK—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • NEW ZEALAND. (See OCEANICA.)
  • NICARAGUA.—LOUIS GOTTARD.
  • NIHILISM—ANATOLE LEROY BEAULIEU.
  • NOBILITY.—G. DE MOLINARI.
  • NOMINATING CONVENTIONS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • NON-INTERCOURSE. (See EMBARGO.)
  • NORTH CAROLINA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • NORTHWEST BOUNDARY (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • NORWAY—MAURICE BLOCK.
  • NOTE DIPLOMATIC—EUGÈNE PAIGNON.
  • NULLIFICATION (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.

VOLUME III. Oath - Zollverein

O

  • OATH—BOHN
  • OATH OF ALLEGIANCE, THE (IN ENGLISH HISTORY).—FREDERICK POLLOCK
  • OCCUPATION—MAURICE BLOCK
  • OCEANICA—B.
  • OCHLOCRACY—JACQUES DE BOISJOSLIN
  • O'CONOR, CHARLES—A. J.
  • OFFICE-HOLDERS, DANGER OF AN ARISTOCRACY OF—E. L. GODKIN
  • OHIO—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • OLIGARCHY—JACQUES DE BOISJOSLIN
  • OLMSTEAD CASE (See PENNSYLVANIA.)
  • OMNIBUS BILL (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • OPINION, PUBLIC (See PUBLIC OPINION.)
  • OPPOSITION—EMILE CHÉDIEU
  • ORDER OF THE DAY (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • ORDERS IN COUNCIL (See EMBARGO, in U. S. History.)
  • ORDERS, RELIGIOUS (See CONGREGATIONS.)
  • ORDINANCE OF (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • OREGON—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • ORIENTAL QUESTION, THE—LEON DE ROSNY
  • OSTEND MANIFESTO (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • OUTLAWRY—GUSTAVE KOERNER
  • OUTLET—J. B. SAY
  • OVER-PRODUCTION—ARTHUR T. HADLEY

P

  • PACIFIC RAILROAD (See INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS, RAILROADS.
  • PAPAL INFALLIBILITY (See ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH.)
  • PAPER MONEY—L. WOLOWSKI
  • PARAGUAY (REPUBLIC OF)—CHAS. REYBAUD
  • PARASITES, SOCIAL—CH. RENOUARD
  • PARDON—EMILE CHÉDIEU
  • PARIS MONETARY CONFERENCE—HORACE WHITE
  • PARLEY—GASTON DE BOURGE
  • PARLIAMENT, THE BRITISH—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • PARLIAMENTARY LAW—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • PARTICIPATION IN PROFITS—WORTHINGTON C. FORD
  • PARTIES, POLITICAL—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI
  • PARTY GOVERNMENT IN THE UNITED STATES—TALCOTT WILLIAMS
  • PARTY NAMES IN U. S. HISTORY (See AMERICAN PARTY, ANTI-FEDERAL PARTY, ANTI-MASONIC PARTY, CONSTITUTIONAL UNION PARTY, DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICAN PARTY, FEDERAL PARTY, GREENBACK-LABOR PARTY LIBERAL-REPUBLICAN PARTY, REPUBLICAN PARTY, WHIG PARTY.)
  • PATENT OFFICE—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • PATENTS, AND THE PATENT SYSTEM—F. W. WHITRIDGE
  • PATRONAGE—DORMAN B. EATON
  • PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY (See GRANGERS.)
  • PAUPERISM—F. B. SANBORN
  • PEACE—EUGÈNE PAIGNON
  • PEACE CONGRESS. (See CONFERENCE, PEACE.)
  • PENDLETON, GEORGE H—A. J.
  • PENITENTIARY SYSTEMS. (See PRISONS AND PRISON DISCIPLINE.)
  • PENNSYLVANIA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • PENNY BANKS. (See BANKS, HISTORY AND MANAGEMENT OF SAVINGS.)
  • PENSIONS. (See UNITED STATES PENSION LAWS, AND THE PENSION LAWS OF OTHER COUNTRIES.)
  • PERSIA—F. M.
  • PERSONAL LIBERTY LAWS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • PERSONAL UNION—MAURICE BLOCK
  • PERU—LOUIS GOTTARD
  • PETITION (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • PETITION, RIGHT OF—ERNEST HOWARD CROSBY
  • PHILOSOPHY OF LAW—FELIX DAHN
  • PHYSIOCRATES—JOSEPH GARNIER
  • PICKERING, TIMOTHY—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • PIERCE, FRANKLIN—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • PINCKNEY, CHARLES COTESWORTH—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • PINCKNEY, THOMAS—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • PIRACY—F. A. HELIE
  • PLENTY AND DEARTH—FRÉDÉRIC BASTIAT
  • POLAND—MAURICE BLOCK
  • POLICE—EDGAR LOENING
  • POLICE POWER OF A STATE—JNO. W. CLAMPITT
  • POLITICAL ARITHMETIC (See ARITHMETIC, POLITICAL.)
  • POLITICAL ASSESSMENTS (See ASSESSMENTS, POLITICAL.)
  • POLITICAL ECONOMY—CH. COQUELIN
  • POLITICAL ECONOMY, HISTORY OF—E. J. JAMES
  • POLITICAL SCIENCE—PAUL JANET
  • POLITICS, NATURE AND CHARACTER OF—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI
  • POLK, JAMES KNOX—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • POLL TAX—WORTHINGTON C. FORD
  • POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • POPULATION—JOSEPH GARNIER
  • PORTUGAL—J. DE BOISJOSLIN
  • POSTOFFICE—ARTHUR T. HADLEY
  • POSTOFFICE DEPARTMENT—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • POSTOFFICE SAVINGS BANKS (See BANKS, HISTORY AND MANAGEMENT OF SAVINGS.)
  • POWERS OF CONGRESS (See CONGRESS, POWERS OF.)
  • PRESIDENT (See EXECUTIVE.)
  • PRESIDENT PRO TEM (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • PRESS, THE NEWSPAPER AND PERIODICAL—S. N. D. NORTH
  • PREVIOUS QUESTION (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • PRICES—WORTHINGTON C. FORD
  • PRIMARY ELECTIONS—DORMAN B. EATON
  • PRIORITY OF DEBTS DUE TO THE UNITED STATES AND TO THE STATES—ERNEST HOWARD CROSBY
  • PRISONERS OF WAR—PAIGNON
  • PRISONS AND PRISON DISCIPLINE—FRED. H. WINES
  • PRIVATE BILLS (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • PRIVATE CALENDAR (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • PRIVATEERING—JAMES FAIRBANKS COLBY
  • PRIVILEGE (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • PRIZES, MARITIME—JAMES FAIRBANKS COLBY
  • PRODUCTION OF WEALTH—CH. DUNOYER
  • PRODUCTS ON PAPER—T. T. BRYCE
  • PROFITS—ARTHUR T. HADLEY
  • PROHIBITION (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • PROMOTION—DORMAN B. EATON
  • PROPERTY—L. FAUCHER
  • PROPERTY, LANDED (See RENT.)
  • PROPERTY, LITERARY—GEO. HAVEN PUTNAM
  • PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION—ALFRED BISHOP MASON
  • PROTECTION—G. DE MOLINARI
  • PROTECTION IN THE UNITED STATES—DAVID H. MASON
  • PROTESTANTISM (See CHURCHES, PROTESTANT.)
  • PRUSSIA—MAURICE BLOCK AND DE STE
  • PUBLIC DEBTS (See DEBTS, NATIONAL, STATE AND LOCAL.)
  • PUBLIC LANDS OF THE UNITED STATES—WORTHINGTON C. FORD
  • PUBLIC LANDS, OFFICE OF—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • PUBLIC OPINION—BLUNTSCHLI
  • PUBLIC POLICY—ERNEST HOWARD CROSBY
  • PUBLIC REVENUE (See REVENUE, PUBLIC.)

Q

  • QUARANTINE—JOHN B. HAMILTON
  • QUIDS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON

R

  • RACES OF MANKIND—ÉMILE MONTÉGUT
  • RADICALISM—MAURICE BLOCK
  • RAILWAYS, History and Political Economy of—SIMON STERNE
  • RAILWAYS, Legislation Concerning, and Management of, in the United States—SIMON STERNE
  • RAILWAY CLEARING HOUSE (See CLEARING, AND CLEARING HOUSES.)
  • RANDOLPH, JOHN—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • REBELLION—F. A. HÉLIE.
  • REBELLION, The (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • RECIPROCITY—ARTHUR T. HADLEY.
  • RECOGNITION—MAURICE BLOCK.
  • RECONSTRUCTION (IN U. S. HISTORY),—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • REFUGE, RIGHT OF (See ASYLUM.)
  • REFUNDING OF THE PUBLIC DEBT OF THE UNITED STATES—WORTHINGTON C. FORD.
  • REICHSRATH
  • REICHSTAG—BLOCK.
  • REMOVAL OF DEPOSITS (See DEPOSITS, REMOVAL OF.)
  • REMOVALS FROM OFFICE—DORMAN B. EATON.
  • RENT—H. PASSY., E. J. L.
  • REPRESENTATION—SIMON STERNE.
  • REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY (See DEMOCRACY, REPRESENTATIVE.)
  • REPUBLIC—HENRI BAUDRILLART.
  • REPUBLICAN PARTY (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • REPUDIATION—GEORGE WALTON GREEN.
  • RESIGNATION—JNO. W. CLAMPITT.
  • RESTRICTIVE SYSTEM (See EMBARGO, in U. S. History.)
  • RETURNING BOARDS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • REVENUE, PUBLIC—FRANCIS A. WALKER.
  • REVOLUTION—CHARLES DE RÉMUSAT.
  • REVOLUTION, The (IN U. S. HISTORY),—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • RHODE ISLAND—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • RICARDO DAVID—JOSEPH GARNIER.
  • RIDERS (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • RIGHT OF INHERITANCE (See INHERITANCE.)
  • RIGHT OF PETITION (See PETITION, RIGHT OF.)
  • RIU KIU—WM. ELLIOT GRIFFIS.
  • RIVER AND HARBOR BILLS (See INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.)
  • ROADS (See TRANSPORTATION, MEANS OF.)
  • ROADS AND CANALS (See INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.)
  • ROHMER'S DOCTRINE OF PARTIES (See PARTIES, POLITICAL.)
  • ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH—SCHULTE.
  • ROTATION IN OFFICE (See CIVIL SERVICE REFORM.)
  • RULES (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • RUSH, RICHARD—A. J.
  • RUSSIA—L. SMITH

S

  • SAINT SIMONISM (See SOCIALISM.)
  • SALARY GRAB (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • SAN DOMINGO—F. M., A. J.
  • SANDWICH ISLANDS—LOUIS GOTTARD
  • SANITARY SYSTEM—M. BORCHARD, D. M. P.
  • SAVINGS—LOUIS LECLERC
  • SAVINGS BANKS (See BANKS, HISTORY AND MANAGEMENT OF SAVINGS.)
  • SAXONY—WILLIAM ROSCHER
  • SCHOOLS (See EDUCATION AND THE STATE)
  • SCHURZ, CARL—A. J.
  • SCIENCE, SOCIAL (See SOCIAL SCIENCE.)
  • SCOTLAND—JOHN JOHNSTON
  • SCOTT, WINFIELD—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • SCRATCHING—R. R. BOWKER
  • SEARCH, RIGHT OF—MAURICE BLOCK
  • SECESSION (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • SEDITION LAWS (See ALIEN AND SEDITION LAWS.)
  • SEMINOLE WAR (See SLAVERY,.)
  • SENATE (IN U. S. HISTORY.)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • SERGEANT-AT-ARMS See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • SERGEANT, JOHN—A. J.
  • SERVIA, PRINCIPALITY OF—A. UBICINI
  • SESSIONS OF CONGRESS (See CONGRESS, SESSIONS OF.)
  • SEWARD, WILLIAM H—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • SEYMOUR, HORATIO—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • SHAY'S REBELLION (See CONFEDERATION, ARTICLES OF.)
  • SHERMAN, JOHN—A. J.
  • SHIMONOSÉKI INDEMNITY—W. E. G.
  • SHINTO—WM. ELLIOT GRIFFIS
  • SIAM—WM. ELLIOT GRIFFIS
  • SILVER—HORATIO C. BURCHARD
  • SILVER BILL (See HAYES, R. B.)
  • SINKING FUND—WORTHINGTON C. FORD
  • SINTOOISM (See SHINTO.)
  • SLAVERY—AUGUSTIN COCHIN
  • SLAVERY (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • SMITH, ADAM—M. MONJEAN
  • SMUGGLING—J. R. M'CULLOCH
  • SOCIALISM AND SOCIALISTS—LOUIS REYBAUD
  • SOCIAL CONTRACT—EUGÈNE PAIGNON
  • SOCIAL SCIENCE—MAURICE BLOCK
  • SOCIETY—HENRI BAUDRILLART
  • SOUTH CAROLINA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY (See CONFEDERATE STATES.)
  • SOVEREIGNTY—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI
  • SOVEREIGNTY (IN U. S. HISTORY). (See POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY.)
  • SPAIN—X. Y., F. H., M. B., F. M., FAUSTINO HERNANDO, COUNT DE RIPALDA, MANUEL COLMEIRO, RUIZ GOMEZ, F.M., F. M.
  • SPEAKER (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • SPEAKERS (See CONGRESS, SESSIONS OF.)
  • SPECULATION—ARTHUR T. HADLEY
  • SPOILS SYSTEM, THE—DORMAN B. EATON.
  • SQUATTER SOVEREIGNTY (See POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY)
  • STAMP ACT CONGRESS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • STANDING ARMIES (See ARMIES.)
  • STANDING ORDERS (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • STANTON, EDWIN M—A. J.
  • STATE, DEPARTMENT OF—A. R. SPOFFORD.
  • STATE RIGHTS (See STATE SOVEREIGNTY,.)
  • STATE SOVEREIGNTY (IN U. S. HISTORY)—A. J.
  • STATE, THE—B
  • STATES, CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL DIVERSITIES IN—A. R. SPOFFORD.
  • STATISTICS—MAURICE BLOCK.
  • STEPHENS, ALEXANDER H—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • STEVENS, THADDEUS—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • STOCK EXCHANGE CLEARING HOUSE (See CLEARING, AND CLEARING HOUSES.)
  • STOCK JOBBING (See AGIOTAGE.)
  • STORY, JOSEPH—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • STRICT CONSTRUCTION (See CONSTRUCTION.)
  • STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS—JOS. D. WEEKS
  • SUBSIDIES—ARTHUR T. HADLEY.
  • SUB-TREASURY (See INDEPENDENT TREASURY.)
  • SUFFRAGE—JAMES FAIRBANKS COLBY
  • SUMNER, CHARLES—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • SUMPTUARY LAWS (See LAWS, SUMPTUARY.)
  • SUPPLY (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • SUPREME COURT (See JUDICIARY.
  • SWEDEN—A. GEOFFROY, B. AND T.
  • SWITZERLAND—STOESSEL, F. M.

T

  • TABLE (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • TAMMANY HALL (IN U. S. HISTORY)—TALCOTT WILLIAMS.
  • TANEY, ROGER BROOKE—A. J.
  • TARIFFS OF THE UNITED STATES—WORTHINGTON C. FORD.
  • TARTAR, TARTARY—WM. ELLIOT GRIFFIS.
  • TA-TSING—WM. ELLIOT GRIFFIS.
  • TAUISM—WM. ELLIOTT GRIFFIS.
  • TAXATION, PRINCIPLES OF—DAVID A. WELLS.
  • TAXATION, NATIONAL AND LOCAL (See REVENUE, PUBLIC; TAXATION.)
  • TAYLOR, ZACHARY—A. J.
  • TELEGRAPH—EDMOND BOUQUET.
  • TELLERS (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT IN THE UNITED STATES (See PROHIBITION, POLICE.)
  • TEN-HOUR LAW—C. C.
  • TENNESSEE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • TERM AND TENURE OF OFFICE—DORMAN B. EATON
  • TERRITORIAL WATERS—JAMES FAIRBANKS COLBY.
  • TERRITORIES (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • TEXAS—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • THIRD ESTATE—GUIZOT.
  • TIE (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • TILDEN, SAMUEL JONES—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • TIMES-SPIRIT, THE (See ZEITGEIST.)
  • TOMPKINS, DANIEL D—A. J.
  • TON-KIN. (See TONQUIN.)
  • TONQUIN—WM. ELLIOT GRIFFIS.
  • TRANSPORTATION, MEANS OF—ARTHUR T. HADLEY.
  • TREASON (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • TREASURY DEPARTMENT—A. R. SPOFFORD.
  • TREATIES—EUSTACE CONWAY.
  • TREATIES, FISHERY.—G. BROWN GOODE.
  • TREATIES OF THE UNITED STATES—J. C. BANCROFT DAVIS.
  • TRENT AFFAIR, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • TUNGUSIC RACES (See TARTAR.)
  • TURKEY—TALCOTT WILLIAMS.
  • TYLER, JOHN—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.

U

  • UNION, THE (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON.
  • UNION PARTY (See REPUBLICAN PARTY.)
  • UNITED STATES NOTES—JOHN JAY KNOX
  • UNITED STATES NOTES. LEGAL-TENDER CASES—DECISIONS OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES—JOHN JAY KNOX
  • UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • UNITED STATES OF COLOMBIA (See NEW GRENADA.)
  • UNITED STATES PENSION LAWS AND THE PENSION LAWS OF OTHER COUNTRIES—DAVID A. WELLS, and EUSTACE CONWAY
  • UNITED STATES SURPLUS MONEY, DISTRIBUTION OF, AMONG THE STATES—JOHN JAY KNOX
  • UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE (See SUFFRAGE.)
  • UNIVERSITIES—D. C. GILMAN
  • USURY—MAURICE BLOCK
  • UTAH—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • UTILITY—HIPPOLYTE PASSY
  • UTOPIA—ADOLPH FRANCK

V

  • VALUE—HIPPOLYTE PASSY
  • VAN BUREN, MARTIN—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • VERMONT—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • VETO (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • VICE-PRESIDENT (See EXECUTIVE, V.; ELECTORS, SENATE; ADMINISTRATIONS.)
  • VIRGINIA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • VIRGINIA RESOLUTIONS (See KENTUCKY AND VIRGINIA RESOLUTIONS.)

W

  • WAGE FUND, THE—FRANCIS A. WALKER
  • WAGES—FRANCIS A. WALKER
  • "WALTHAM SYSTEM,"—C. C.
  • WANTS—A. CLÉMENT
  • WAR (See DECLARATION OF WAR, BELLIGERENTS, EXCHANGE OF PRISONERS.)
  • WAR, THE CIVIL (See REBELLION, THE, in U. S. History.)
  • WAR DEPARTMENT—A. R. SPOFFORD
  • WARS (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WASHINGTON CITY (See CAPITAL, NATIONAL.)
  • WASHINGTON, GEORGE—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WASHINGTON TERRITORY—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WAYS AND MEANS (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • WEALTH—A. CLÉMENT
  • WEBSTER, DANIEL—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WEIGHTS AND MEASURES—ARTHUR T. HADLEY
  • WEST VIRGINIA—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WHEELER, WILLIAM A—A. J.
  • WHIG PARTY (IN U. S. HISTORY).—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WHISKY INSURRECTION (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WHISKY RING—C. & J.
  • WHITE, HUGH LAWSON—A. J.
  • WHITE LEAGUE (See KU-KLUX KLAN.)
  • WILMOT PROVISO (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WILSON, HENRY—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WIRT, WILLIAM—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WISCONSIN—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WOMAN SUFFRAGE (See SUFFRAGE.)
  • WRIGHT, SILAS—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WYOMING—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • WYOMING TERRITORY—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON

X,Y,Z

  • X Y Z MISSION (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
  • YAZOO FRAUDS (IN U. S. HISTORY)—ALEX. JOHNSTON
  • YEAS AND NAYS (See PARLIAMENTARY LAW.)
  • ZEITGEIST—J. C. BLUNTSCHLI
  • ZOLLVEREIN—M.