159: TO ALEXANDER HAMILTON - George Washington, George Washington: A Collection [1988]
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George Washington: A Collection, compiled and edited by W.B. Allen (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1988).
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- Acknowledgments
- Editor’s Note
- About the Frontispiece
- The Sources of the Text
- Chronology
- George Washington a Collection
- Prologue
- 1: To Richard Henry Lee
- 2: The Rules of Civility and Decent Behavior In Company and Conversation
- Chapter One: the Rules of Bravery and Liberty 1756-1775
- 3: Address to His Command
- 4: To Governor Robert Hunter Morris
- 5: To Francis Dandridge
- 6: To George Mason
- 7: To Thomas Johnson
- 8: To George William Fairfax
- 9: To Bryan Fairfax
- 10: To Bryan Fairfax
- 11: To Bryan Fairfax
- 12: To the President of the Second Continental Congress
- 13: To Mrs. Martha Washington
- 14: General Orders
- 15: To Lieutenant General Thomas Gage
- 16: To the Inhabitants of the Island of Bermuda
- 17: To the Inhabitants of Canada
- Chapter Two: Tyranny: the Scourge of Liberty 1775-1777
- 18: To Joseph Reed
- 19: General Orders
- 20: To Joseph Reed
- 21: To the President of Congress
- 22: To Joseph Reed
- 23: To John Augustine Washington
- 24: General Orders
- 25: General Orders
- 26: To the Officers and Soldiers of the Pennsylvania Associators
- 27: To the President of Congress
- 28: To Lund Washington
- 29: Proclamation
- 30: To an Unidentified Correspondent
- 31: To President James Warren
- 32: To Major General Philip Schuyler
- Chapter Three: the Passions of Men and the Principles of Action 1778-1780
- 33: General Orders
- 34: To John Banister
- 35: To John Augustine Washington
- 36: To Comte D’estaing
- 37: To Gouverneur Morris
- 38: To Henry Laurens
- 39: To Benjamin Harrison
- 40: To the President of Congress
- 41: To Thomas Nelson
- 42: To George Mason
- 43: To James Warren
- 44: To Gouverneur Morris
- 45: Speech to the Delaware Chiefs
- 46: Circular to the States
- 47: To John Jay
- 48: A Conference Between the Chevalier De La Luzerne and General Washington
- 49: To Edmund Pendleton
- 50: To Joseph Jones
- 51: To President Joseph Reed
- 52: To President Joseph Reed
- 53: To Joseph Jones
- 54: Circular to the States
- 55: To the President of Congress
- 56: Circular to the States
- Chapter Four: Trials and Triumph 1780-1781
- 57: To George Mason
- 58: To William Fitzhugh
- 59: To James Duane
- 60: Circular to the New England States
- 61: To Lieutenant Colonel John Laurens
- 62: General Orders
- 63: To John Sullivan
- 64: To John Parke Custis
- 65: To Lund Washington
- 66: To the President of Congress
- 67: General Orders
- Chapter Five: Washington’s Knowledge of Himself and His Army 1782-1783
- 68: To Colonel Lewis Nicola
- 69: To the Secretary At War
- 70: To Joseph Jones
- 71: To Major General Nathanael Greene
- 72: General Orders
- 73: To Governor Benjamin Harrison
- 74: To Alexander Hamilton
- 75: To the President of Congress
- 76: To Joseph Jones
- 77: Speech to the Officers of the Army
- 78: To the President of Congress
- Chapter Six: Washington’s Knowledge of His Countrymen 1783
- 79: To Joseph Jones
- 80: To Major General Nathanael Greene
- 81: To Alexander Hamilton
- 82: To Theodorick Bland
- 83: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 84: General Orders
- 85: To Lieutenant Colonel Tench Tilghman
- 86: Circular to the States
- Chapter Seven: the General Resigns 1783
- 87: To John Augustine Washington
- 88: To Reverend William Gordon
- 89: To James Duane
- 90: Farewell Orders to the Armies of the United States
- 91: To the Ministers, Elders, Deacons, and Members of the Reformed German Congregation of New York
- 92: To the Merchants of Philadelphia
- 93: Address to Congress On Resigning His Commission
- Chapter Eight: the Citizen Stirs 1784-1786
- 94: To Jonathan Trumbull, Jr.
- 95: To Governor Benjamin Harrison
- 96: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 97: To Dr. James Craik
- 98: To Thomas Jefferson
- 99: To James Madison
- 100: To Governor Benjamin Harrison
- 101: To Thomas Johnson
- 102: To Benjamin Harrison
- 103: To the President of Congress
- 104: To William Grayson
- 105: To David Humphreys
- 106: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 107: To Edmund Randolph
- 108: To James Mchenry
- 109: To George Mason
- 110: To James Warren
- 111: To James Madison
- 112: To Henry Lee
- 113: To Robert Morris
- 114: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 115: To the Secretary For Foreign Affairs
- 116: To Marquis De Lafayette
- Chapter Nine: Making a Constitution 1786-1788
- 117: To John Jay
- 118: To Bushrod Washington
- 119: To Henry Lee
- 120: To James Madison
- 121: To Bushrod Washington
- 122: To James Madison
- 123: To James Madison
- 124: To Governor Edmund Randolph
- 125: To Henry Knox
- 126: To David Humphreys
- 127: To Henry Knox
- 128: To Henry Knox
- 129: To the Secretary For Foreign Affairs
- 130: To Governor Edmund Randolph
- 131: To James Madison
- 132: To Henry Knox
- 133: Summary of Letters From Jay, Knox, and Madison *
- 134: To Alexander Hamilton
- 135: To Patrick Henry
- 136: To Alexander Hamilton
- 137: To Bushrod Washington
- 138: To David Stuart
- 139: To James Madison
- 140: To Governor Edmund Randolph
- 141: To James Madison
- 142: To James Madison
- 143: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 144: To James Madison
- 145: To John Armstrong
- 146: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 147: To Marquis De Chastellux
- 148: To Reverend Francis Adrian Vanderkemp
- 149: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 150: To Henry Knox
- 151: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 152: To Benjamin Lincoln
- Chapter Ten: the Drama of Founding 1788-1789
- 153: To the Secretary For Foreign Affairs
- 154: To Jonathan Trumbull
- 155: To Noah Webster, Esq.
- 156: To Benjamin Lincoln
- 157: To Alexander Hamilton
- 158: To Thomas Jefferson
- 159: To Alexander Hamilton
- 160: To Benjamin Lincoln
- 161: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 162: To Benjamin Lincoln
- 163: To Francis Hopkinson
- 164: To George Steptoe Washington
- 165: To James Madison
- 166: To the Mayor, Corporation, and Citizens of Alexandria
- Chapter Eleven: Presidential Addresses 1789-1796
- 167: Fragments of the Discarded First Inaugural Address
- 168: The First Inaugural Speech
- 169: First Annual Message
- 170: Second Annual Message
- 171: Third Annual Message
- 172: Fourth Annual Message
- 173: The Second Inaugural Speech
- 174: Fifth Annual Message
- 175: Sixth Annual Message
- 176: Seventh Annual Message
- 177: Eighth Annual Message
- 178: Farewell Address
- Chapter Twelve: Washington the President 1789-1791
- 179: To James Madison
- 180: To the United Baptist Churches In Virginia
- 181: To the General Assembly of Presbyterian Churches
- 182: To the Annual Meeting of Quakers
- 183: Thanksgiving Proclamation
- 184: Sketch of a Plan of American Finance
- 185: To Catherine Macaulay Graham
- 186: To David Stuart
- 187: To David Stuart
- 188: To the Hebrew Congregations
- 189: To the Roman Catholics In the United States of America
- 190: To the Hebrew Congregation In Newport
- 191: To the Hebrew Congregations of the City of Savannah, Georgia
- 192: To the Chiefs and Counselors of the Seneca Nation
- 193: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 194: To Gouverneur Morris
- 195: To Arthur Young
- Chapter Thirteen: Trials of Division 1792-1796
- 196: To James Madison
- 197: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 198: To the Secretary of the Treasury
- 199: To the Secretary of State
- 200: To the Secretary of the Treasury
- 201: To the Attorney General
- 202: Proclamation
- 203: To the Secretary of State
- 204: Proclamation
- 205: Proclamation of Neutrality
- 206: To Governor Henry Lee
- 207: Proclamation
- 208: Proclamation
- 209: To Governor Henry Lee
- 210: To Burgess Ball
- 211: Proclamation
- 212: To the Secretary of State
- 213: To John Jay
- 214: To the Commissioners of the District of Columbia
- 215: To Thomas Jefferson
- 216: To Alexander Hamilton
- 217: To Alexander Hamilton
- 218: To Alexander Hamilton
- 219: To Gouverneur Morris
- 220: To the House of Representatives
- Chapter Fourteen: a Work Completed 1796-1799
- 221: To Alexander Hamilton
- 222: To the Emperor of Germany
- 223: To Alexander Hamilton
- 224: To Thomas Pinckney
- 225: To Alexander Hamilton
- 226: To Thomas Jefferson
- 227: To Alexander Hamilton
- 228: Talk to the Cherokee Nation
- 229: To Alexander Hamilton
- 230: To Alexander Hamilton
- 231: To Jonathan Trumbull
- 232: To Marquis De Lafayette
- 233: To Patrick Henry
- Epilogue
- 234: To Governor Jonathan Trumbull
- 235: Last Will and Testament
159
TO ALEXANDER HAMILTON
Mount Vernon, October 3, 1788
Dear Sir:
In acknowledging the receipt of your candid and kind letter by the last Post; little more is incumbent upon me, than to thank you sincerely for the frankness with which you communicated your sentiments, and to assure you that the same manly tone of intercourse will always be more than barely welcome, indeed it will be highly acceptable to me. I am particularly glad in the present instance, that you have dealt thus freely and like a friend.
Speculations on vote of the Electoral CollegeAlthough I could not help observing, from several publications and letters that my name had been sometimes spoken of, and that it was possible the Contingency which is the subject of your letter might happen; yet I thought it best to maintain a guarded silence and to seek the counsel of my best friends (which I certainly hold in the highest estimation) rather than to hazard an imputation unfriendly to the delicacy of my feelings. For, situated as I am, I could hardly bring the question into the slightest discussion, or ask an opinion even in the most confidential manner, without betraying, in my judgment, some impropriety of conduct, or without feeling an apprehension, that a premature display of anxiety might be construed into a vain-glorious desire of pushing myself into notice as a candidate. Now, if I am not grossly deceived in myself, I should unfeignedly rejoice, in case the Electors, by giving their votes in favor of some other person, would save me from the dreaded Dilemma of being forced to accept or refuse.
If that may not be, I am, in the next place, earnestly desirous of searching out the truth, and of knowing whether there does not exist a probability that the government would be just as happily and effectually carried into execution without my aid, as with it. I am truly solicitous to obtain all the previous information which the circumstances will afford, and to determine (when the determination can with propriety be no longer postponed) according to the principles of right reason, and the dictates of a clear conscience; without too great a reference to the unforeseen consequences, which may affect my person or reputation. Untill that period, I may fairly hold myself open to conviction; though I allow your sentiments to have weight in them; and I shall not pass by your arguments without giving them as dispassionate a consideration, as I can possibly bestow upon them.
In taking a survey of the subject, in whatever point of light I have been able to place it, I will not suppress the acknowledgment, my Dr. Sir that I have always felt a kind of gloom upon my mind, as often as I have been taught to expect, I might, and perhaps must ere long, be called to make a decision. You will, I am well assured, believe the assertion (though I have little expectation it would gain credit from those who are less acquainted with me) that if I should receive the appointment and if I should be prevailed upon to accept it, the acceptance would be attended with more diffidence and reluctance than I ever experienced before in my life. It would be, however, with a fixed and sole determination of lending whatever assistance might be in my power to promote the public weal, in hopes that at a convenient and early period my services might be dispensed with, and that I might be permitted once more to retire, to pass an unclouded evening after the stormy day of life, in the bosom of domestic tranquility.
But why these anticipations? if the friends to the Constitution conceive that my administering the government will be a means of its acceleration and strength, is it not probable that the adversaries of it may entertain the same ideas, and of course make it an object of opposition? That many of this description will become Electors, I can have no doubt of, any more than that their opposition will extend to any character who (from whatever cause) would be likely to thwart their measures. It might be impolitic in them to make this declaration previous to the Election; but I shall be out in my conjectures if they do not act conformably thereto, and that the seeming moderation by which they appear to be actuated at present is neither more or less than a finesse to lull and deceive. Their plan of opposition is systematized, and a regular intercourse, I have much reason to believe between the Leaders of it in the several States is formed to render it more effectual. With sentiments of sincere regard &c.