The Online Library of Liberty

A project of Liberty Fund, Inc.

• Foreword
• Table of Cases
• The Ideal Element In Law
• One: Is There an Ideal Element In Law?
• Two: Natural Law
• Three: Law and Morals
• Four: Rights, Interests, and Values
• Five: the End of Law: Maintaining the Social Status Quo
• Six: Promotion of Free Self-assertion 1. The Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century
• Seven: Promotion of Free Self-assertion 2. Nineteenth Century to the Present
• Eight: Maintaining and Furthering Civilization
• Nine: Class Interest and Economic Pressure: the Marxian Interpretation
• Ten: Later Forms of Juristic Realism
• Eleven: the Humanitarian Idea
• Twelve: the Authoritarian Idea
• Epilogue
• Glossary

Table of Cases

Ableman v. Booth, 20 How. 506 (1858) / 133

Adair v. United States, 208 U.S. 161 (1908) / 224

Adkins v. Children’s Hospital, 261 U.S. 525 (1923) / 219

Affolder v. N.Y.C. & St. L.R. Co., 339 U.S. 96 (1950) / 339

Albany St., Matter of, 11 Wend. (N.Y.) 149 (1834) / 12

American Ry. Express Co. v. Kentucky, 273 U.S. 269 (1927) / 12

Archer Harvey & Co. In re, 289 Fed. 267 (1923) / 266

Arizona Employers’ Liability Cases, 250 U.S. 400 (1919) / 16, 18, 254, 255

Arndt v. Griggs, 134 U.S. 316 (1890) / 12

Attorney General v. Corke [1933] Ch. 89 / 328

Attwood v. Lamont [1920] 3 K.B. 571 / 211

Baker v. Snell [1908] 2 K.B. 352, 355 / 328

Baldy’s Appeal, 40 Pa. St. 328 (1861) / 221

Ballard v. Hunter, 204 U.S. 241 (1907) / 12

Bank v. Cooper, 2 Yerg. 599 (Tenn. 1831) / 11

Bank v. Sharp, 6 How. 301 (1848) / 221

Barbier v. Connolly, 113 U.S. 27 (1885) / 14

Barbour v. Louisville Board of Trade, 82 Ky. 645 (1884) / 14

Barger v. Barringer, 151 N.C. 433 (1909) / 248

Barlow v. Orde, L.R. 3 P.C. 164 (1870) / 82

Bauer v. O’Donnell, 229 U.S. 1 (1912) / 211

Benson v. Mayor, 10 Barb. 223 (1850) / 14

Berrien v. Pollitzer, 165 Fed. 2d, 21 (1947) / 350

Betts v. Lee, 5 Johns. (N.Y.) 348 (1810) / 100

Bevis v. Bevis [1935] P. 23 / 137

Bill Posting Co. v. Atlantic City, 71 N.J. Law, 72 / 248

Birmingham Electric Co. v. Driver, 232 Ala. 36 (1936) / 94

Block v. Hirsch, 256 U.S. 135 (1921) / 222

Bloom v. Richards, 2 Ohio St. 387 (1853) / 13

Bonham’s Case, 8 Co. Rep. 107a, 113b, 118a / 11, 47

Booth, Ex parte, 3 Wis. 145 (1854) / 133

Booth and Ryecraft, In re, 3 Wis. 157 (1854) / 133

Borgnis v. Falk Co., 147 Wis. 327 (1911) / 222

Braceville Coal Co. v. People, 147 Ill. 66 (1893) / 223

Bronson v. Kinzie, 1 How. (U.S.) 311 (1843) / 221

Brown v. Collins, 53 N.H. 442 (1873) / 276, 327

Brown v. Kendall, 6 Cush. 292 (Mass. 1850) / 89

Bryan v. City, 212 Pa. St. 259 / 248

Bullock v. Babcock, 3 Wend. (N.Y.) 391 (1829) / 18

Burke v. Smith, 69 Mich. 380 (1888) / 247

Bussey v. Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants, 24 T.L.R. 437 (1908) / 268

Butcher’s Union Co. v. Crescent City Co., 111 U.S. 746 (1884) / 12, 14, 15, 197

Cahill v. Eastman, 18 Minn. 255 (1872) / 275

Calder v. Bull, 3 Dall. (U.S.) 386 (1798) / 13

Cameron v. Union Automobile Ins. Co., 210 Wis. 659 (1933) / 99

Carey v. Davis, 190 Ia. 120 (1921) / 94

Carter v. Atlanta & St. A.B.R. Co., 338 U.S. 430 (1949) / 339

Carter v. Carter, 14 Smedes & M. (Miss.) 59 (1850) / 17

Chambliss v. Jordan, 50 Ga. 81 (1873) / 222

Charing Cross Electricity Supply Co. v. Hydraulic Power Co. [1914] 3 K.B. 772 / 328

Chesley v. King, 74 Me. 164 (1882) / 247

Chicago B. & Q.R. Co. v. Chicago, 166 U.S. 226 (1897) / 14, 197

Chicago B. & Q.R. Co. v. McGuire, 219 U.S. 549 (1911) / 14, 224

Chicago R. Co. v. Levy, 160 Ill. 385 (1896) / 335

City of London v. Wood, 12 Mod. 669 (1701) / 11, 47

Com. v. Adams, 114 Mass. 323 (1873) / 40

Com. v. Kennedy, 170 Mass. 18 (1897) / 91

Com. v. Romig, 22 Pa. D. & C. 341 (1934) / 40

Com. v. Williams, 133 Pa. Super. 104 (1935) / 40

Commonwealth v. Hunt, 4 Met. (Mass.) 111 (1842) / 272

Commonwealth v. Kneeland, 20 Pick. (Mass.) 206 (1835) / 13

Commonwealth v. Murphy, 166 Mass. 171 (1896) / 360

Commonwealth v. Perry, 155 Mass. 117 (1891) / 12

Commonwealth v. Rourke, 10 Cush. (Mass.) 397 (1852) / 116

Coombs v. Read, 16 Gray (Mass.) 271 (1800) / 17

Coppage v. Kansas, 236 U.S. 1 (1915) / 322

Cortes v. Baltimore Insular Line, 287 U.S. 367 (1932) / 94

Curran v. Warren Chemical Mfg. Co., 36 N.Y. 153 (1867) / 335

Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 4 Wheat. (U.S.) 518 (1819) / 13

Dash v. Van Kleeck, 7 Johns. (N.Y.) 477 (1811) / 12, 30

Davidson v. New Orleans, 96 U.S. 97 (1877) / 14

Davies v. Mann, 10 M. & W. 545 (1842) / 89, 99

Day v. Savadge, Hob. 85 (1615); Hob. 87 (1614) / 11, 47

Defiance Water Co. v. Olinger, 54 Ohio St. 532 (1896) / 276

Denny, Mott, and Dickson, Ltd. v. Fraser [1944] A.C. 265 / 346

Depue v. Flatau, 100 Minn. 299 (1907) / 94

Dewes v. Fitch [1920] 2 Ch. 159 / 211

Dobbins v. Los Angeles, 195 U.S. 223 (1904) / 14

Dorsey, In re, 7 Port. (Ala.) 293 (1838) / 14

Dunn v. City Council, Harper (16 S.C. Law) 189 (1824) / 14

Durkin v. Kingston Coal Co., 171 Pa. St. 193 (1895) / 16

Earl of Oxford’s Case (1616), 2 White and Tudor, Leading Cases in Equity (8 ed. 1910–12) 773; 2 Chafee and Simpson, Cases on Equity, (3 ed.) 1176 / 90

Egerton v. Lord Brownlow, 4 H.L. Cas. 1 (1853) / 115, 116

Epstein v. Gluckin, 233 N.Y. 490 (1922) / 86

Erie Co. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64 (1938) / 302

Ervine’s Appeal, 16 Pa. St. 256 (1851) / 12

Erwin v. Puryear, 50 Ark. 356 (1887) / 17

Escola v. Coca Cola Bottling Co., 24 California 2d, 453 (1944) / 332, 333

Exner v. Sherman Power Constr. Co. (C.C.A.) 54 Fed. 2d, 510 (1931) / 276

Farrell v. Patterson, 43 Ill. 52 (1857) / 17

Farwell v. Boston & Worcester R. Corp., 4 Met. (Mass.) 49 (1842) / 272

Fender v. St. John-Mildmay [1938] A.C. 1 / 116

Filburn v. Peoples Palace Co., 25 Q.B.D. 258 (1890) / 327

Fisher v. Keane, 11 Ch. D. 353 (1878) / 15, 68

Fletcher v. Peck, 6 Cranch (U.S.) 87 (1810) / 12, 13, 197, 345

Fletcher v. Rylands, L.R. 1 Ex. 265 (1866) / 327

Flint River Co. v. Foster, 5 Ga. 194 (1848) / 85

Franklin v. South Carolina, 218 U.S. 161 (1910) / 12

French v. Manufacturing Co., 173 Mo. App. 220 (1913) / 276

Frorer v. People, 141 Ill. 171 (1892)/ 153, 223

Gaffrey, matter of, v. Kampf, 182 Misc. 665 (1944) / 135

Gardner v. Newburgh, 2 Johns. Ch. (N.Y.) 162 (1816) / 12

General Assembly of Free Church of Scotland v. Lord Overtoun [1904] A.C. 515 / 69

General Outdoor Advertising Co. v. Department of Public Works, 289 Mass. 149 / 248

Giles v. Walker, 24 Q.B.D. 656 (1890) / 266

Gillilan v. Gillilan, 278 Mo. 99 (1919) / 13, 17

Godcharles v. Wigeman, 113 Pa. St. 431 (1886) / 223

Goshen v. Stonington, 4 Conn. 209 (1822) / 13, 197

Grassi Bros. v. O’Rourke, 89 Misc. (N.Y.) 234 (1915) / 15

Greenwood v. Greenwood [1937] P. 157 / 87

Griffin v. Interurban St. R. Co., 179 N.Y. 438 (1904) / 85

Guillory v. Deville, 21 La. Ann. 686 (1869) / 222

Gunn v. Barry, 44 Ga. 351 (1871) / 221

Gunn v. Barry, 15 Wall. (U.S.) 610 (1873) / 221

Hale v. Everett, 53 N.H. 9 (1868) / 13

Ham v. M’Claws, 1 Bay, 93 (S.C. 1789) / 11, 85

Heaven v. Pender, 11 Q.B.D. 103 / 89

Heil v. Glanding, 42 Pa. St. 493 (1862) / 100

Hepworth Mfg. Co. v. Ryott [1920] 1 Ch. 1 / 211

Herndon v. Stultz, 124 Ia. 734 (1904) / 266

Hobbs v. Winchester Corporation [1910] 2 K.B. 471 / 92

Hodges v. New England Screw Co., 1 R.I. 312 (1850) / 83

Holden v. Hardy, 169 U.S. 366 (1898) / 14

Holden v. James, 11 Mass. 396 (1814) / 12, 13

Home Building & Loan Assn. v. Blaisdell, 290 U.S. 398 (1934) / 345

Horner v. Graves, 7 Bing. 735 (1831) / 115

Hoxie v. New York, N.H. & H.R. Co., 82 Conn. 352 (1909) / 12, 16

Hunecke v. Meramec Quarry Co., 262 Mo. 560 (1914) / 94

Hurtado v. California, 110 U.S. 516 (1884) / 12

Hutchinson v. St. Louis R. Co., 88 Mo. App. 376 (1901) / 99

Iroquois, The, 194 U.S. 240 (1903) / 94

Ives v. South Buffalo Ry. Co., 201 N.Y. 271 (1911) / 16, 18, 55

Jacobs, In re, 98 N.Y. 98 (1885) / 14

James v. Marinship Corp., 25 Cal. 2d, 721 (1944) / 322

Janson v. Driefontein Consolidated Mines [1902] A.C. 484 / 116

Jeffers v. Fair, 33 Ga. 347 (1862) / 14

Judson v. Giant Powder Co., 107 Cal. 549 (1835) / 276, 327

Kearney v. London Brighton & South Coast R. Co., L.R. 5 Q.B. 411 (1870) / 334

Kennedy, Re, 2 S.C. 216 (1870) / 221

Kerwhacker v. Cleveland R. Co., 3 Ohio St. 172 (1854) / 100

Labouchere v. Earl of Wharncliffe, 13 Ch. D. 346 (1879) / 68

Lake Shore R. Co. v. Chicago R. Co., 48 Ind. App. 584 (1911) / 276

Lambe v. Eames, 6 Ch. App. 597 (1871) / 151

Langbridge’s Case, Y.B. 19 Ed. 3, 375 (1345) / 191

Lanier v. Lanier, 5 Heisk. (52 Tenn.) 462 (1871) / 12

Lawton v. Steele, 152 U.S. 133 (1894) / 14

Layne v. Chicago R. Co., 175 Mo. App. 34 (1913) / 94

Leep v. Railway Co., 58 Ark. 407 (1893) / 197

Leeper v. Texas, 139 U.S. 462 (1891) / 14

Leete v. State Bank, 115 Mo. 184 (1893) / 17

Lessee v. Dorrance, 2 Dall. (U.S.) 304 (1795) / 13

Letts v. Kessler, 54 Ohio State, 73 (1896) / 247

License Tax Cases, 5 Wall. 462 (U.S.) (1866) / 11

Lisenba v. California, 314 U.S. 219 (1941) / 134

Loan Association v. Topeka, 20 Wallace (U.S.) 655 (1875) / 14, 197, 365

Lochner v. New York, 198 U.S. 45 (1905) / 16, 214, 224

Lombard v. Trustees, 73 Ga. 322 (1884) / 85

Lord Cromwell’s Case, 4 Co. 12b, 13a (1578) / 47, 274

Losee v. Buchanan, 51 N.Y. 476 (1873) / 276, 327

Loubat v. LeRoy, 40 Hun. (N.Y.) 546 (1886) / 15

Louisville R. Co. v. Fleming, 82 Tenn. (14 Lea) 128 (1884) / 99

Low v. Rees Printing Co., 41 Neb. 127 (1894) / 222

Lumley v. Gye, 2 E. & B. 216 (1853) / 89

Madisonville Traction Co. v. St. Bernard Min. Co., 196 U.S. 239 (1905) / 14

Mamlin v. Genoe, 340 Pa. 320 (1941) / 116

Marquess of Northampton v. Salt (1892) A.C. 1 / 151

Marshall v. Welwood, 38 N.J. Law, 339 (1876) / 276, 327

Max Morris, The, 137 U.S. 1 (1890) / 99

McLean v. Arkansas, 211 U.S. 534 (1909) / 224

McNabb v. United States, 318 U.S. 322 (1943) / 134

Middleton v. Whitridge, 213 N.Y. 499 (1915) / 94

Miller v. Gable, 2 Denio (N.Y.) 492 (1845) / 69

Monongahela Navigation Co. v. United States, 148 U.S. 312 (1893) / 14

Moore’s Estate, In re, 114 Or. 444 / 55

Morgan v. Morgan, L.R. 1 P. & D. 644 (1869) / 87

Morse v. Gould, 11 N.Y. 281 (1854) / 221

Motion Picture Patents Co. v. Universal Film Mfg. Co., 243 U.S. 502 (1917) / 211

Musgrove v. Pandolis [1919] 2 K.B. 43 / 328

Myers v. United States, 272 U.S. 52 (1926) / 121, 353

Myning v. Detroit R. Co., 67 Mich. 677 (1888) / 335

National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp., 301 U.S. 1 (1937) / 322

National Labor Relations Board v. Sunshine Mining Co., 125 Fed. 2d, 757 (1925) / 285

Neal v. Gillett, 23 Conn. 437 (1855) / 99, 335

Needham v. San Francisco R. Co., 37 Cal. 409 (1869) / 100

Noel v. Ewing, 9 Ind. 37 / 55

Norman v. Heist, 5 Watts & S. (Pa.) 171 (1843) / 14

Nunnemacher v. State, 129 Wis. 190 (1906) / 14, 55

Ocean Wave, The, L.R. 3 P.C. 205 (1870) / 98

O’Donnel v. Elgin J. & E.R. Co., 338 U.S. 384 (1949) / 339

Ohio R. Co. v. Early, 141 Ind. 73 (1894) / 94

Osterlind v. Hill, 263 Mass. 73 (1928) / 93

Owensboro v. Knox, 116 Ky. 451 (1905) / 276

Palangee v. Tye Ang (1803) 1 Kyshe xix / 82

Pasley v. Freeman, 3 T.R. 51 (1789) / 89

Patterson v. Winn, 5 Pet. (U.S.) 533 (1831) / 33

Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Sanderson, 113 Pa. St. 126 (1886) / 276, 327

People v. Beck, 10 Misc. (N.Y.) 77 (1894) / 223

People v. Brown, 67 Ill. 435 (1873) / 115

People v. Coler, 166 N.Y. 1 (1901) / 16

People v. La Fetra, 230 N.Y. 429 (1921) / 222

People v. Marx, 99 N.Y. 377 (1885) / 12

People v. Oak Park, 266 Ill. 365 / 248

People v. Ruggles, 8 Johns. (N.Y.) 290 (1811) / 13

People v. Shaughnessy, 184 App. Div. 806 (1918) / 135

People v. Shedd, 241 Ill. 155 (1909) / 279

Perry v. Strawbridge, 209 Mo. 621 (1907) / 85

Phelps v. Nowlen, 72 N.Y. 39 (1878) / 247

Piper v. Ekern, 180 Wis. 586 / 248

Planter’s Bank v. Sharp, 6 How. 301 (1848) / 221

Planz v. Boston R. Co., 157 Mass. 377 (1892) / 335

Plumstead Board of Works v. Spackman, 13 Q.B.D. 878 (1884) / 85

Pollock v. Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co., 157 U.S. 429 (1895) / 13

Priestley v. Fowler, 3 M. & W. 1 (1837) / 271

Printing and Numerical Registering Co. v. Sampson, L.R. 10 Eq. 462 (1875) / 117

Printing Co. v. Sampson, 19 Eq. 452 (1875) / 211

Prior of Castleacre v. Dean of St. Stephens, Y.B. 21 Hen. 7 (1506) / 23, 47

Pumpelly v. Green Bay Co., 13 Wall. 166 (1871) / 16

Raasch v. Elite Laundry Co., 98 Minn. 357 (1906) / 94

Railway Co. v. Chicago, 206 U.S. 226 / 64

Regents v. Williams, 9 Gill & J. (Md.) 365 (1838) / 13

Rex v. Russell [1933] Vict. L.R. 59 / 94

Richards v. Daggett, 4 Mass. 534 (1808) / 85

Richardson v. Mellish, 2 Bing. 229 (1824) / 116

Richardson v. Shaw, 209 U.S. 365 (1908) / 266

Rigby v. Connol, 14 Ch. D. 482 (1880) / 15, 350

River Wear Com’rs. v. Adamson, 2 A.C. 743 (1877) / 85

Roberson v. New York Folding Box Co., 171 N.Y. 538 (1902) / 321

Robertson Lumber Co. v. Bank of Edinburgh, 14 N.D. 511 / 266

Robinson v. Roe, 233 Fed. 936 (1916) / 266

Robinson v. Wiley, 15 N.Y. 489 (1857) / 222

Rogers v. Peck, 199 U.S. 425 (1905) / 12

Rose v. Socony-Vacuum Corp., 54 R.I. 411 (1934) / 276

Rous v. An Abbot, (1449) / 23

Russell v. Russell [1935] 39 / 137

Rylands v. Fletcher, 3 Hurlst. & C. 774 (1865), L.R. 1 Ex. 265 (1866), L.R. 3 H.L. 330 (1868) / 89, 275, 327

Salomon v. Salomon & Co. [1897] A.C. 22 / 85

Salter v. Nebraska Tel. Co., 79 Neb. 373 (1907) / 94

Scarff v. Metcalf, 107 N.Y. 211 (1887) / 94

Schlemmer v. Buffalo, R. & P.R. Co., 205 U.S. 1 (1907) / 223

Sears v. Cottrell, 5 Mich. 251 (1858) / 14

Shevlin-Carpenter Co. v. Minnesota, 218 U.S. 57 (1910) / 92

Shipley v. Associates, 206 Mass. 194 (1891) / 275

Silsbury v. McCoon, 3 N.Y. 79 (1850) / 100

Simon v. Southern R. Co., 236 U.S. 115 (1915) / 12

Sinclair v. Brougham [1914] A.C. 398 / 230

Slaughter-House Cases, 16 Wall. 36 (1872) / 14

Smith v. Smith, 48 N.J. Eq. 566 / 55

Sneider v. Heidelberger, 45 Ala. 126 (1871) / 221

Sohier v. Massachusetts General Hospital, 3 Cush. (Mass.) 483 (1849) / 13

Southern Pacific Co. v. Jansen, 244 U.S. 205 (1917) / 307

Southern R. Co. v. Sewell, 18 Ga. App. 544 (1916) / 94

Spaulding v. Chicago & N.W.R. Co., 30 Wis. 111 (1872) / 33

Spencer’s Case, 5 Co. 16a (1583) / 33

State Bank v. Cooper, 2 Yerg. (Tenn.) 599 (1831) / 11, 12, 14

State v. Barker, 116 Ia. 96 (1902) / 14

State v. Carter, 27 N.J. Law, 499 (1859) / 191

State v. Fire Creek Coal & Coke Co., 33 W.Va. 188 (1889) / 198, 223

State v. Goodwill, 33 W.Va. 179 (1889) / 223

State v. Greene, 83 Neb. 84 (1908) / 136

State v. Haun, 61 Kan. 146 (1899) / 16, 223

State v. Horton, 136 N.C. 588 (1905) / 40

State v. Houghton, 144 Minn. 1 / 248

State v. Knight, Taylor (N.C.) 65 s.c. 2 Hayw. (N.C.) 109 (1799) / 191

State v. Kreutzberg, 114 Wis. 530 (1902) / 16, 222

State v. Laundy, 103 Ore. 443 (1922) / 92

State v. Loomis, 115 Mo. 307 (1893) / 197

State v. Nemaha County, 7 Kan. 542 (1871) / 14

State v. Quinn, 131 La. 490 (1912) / 92

St. Louis Advertisement Co. v. City, 235 Mo. 99; 249 U.S. 269 / 248

St. Louis v. The Ferry Co., 11 Wall. (U.S.) 423 (1870) / 13–14

Stuart v. Palmer, 74 N.Y. 183 (1878) / 14

Sullivan v. Dunham, 161 N.Y. 290 (1900) / 18

Szabo v. Pennsylvania R. Co., 132 N.J. Law, 331 (1945) / 94

Taylor v. Porter, 4 Hill (N.Y.) 140 (1843) / 16

Taylor’s Case, 1 Vent. 293 (1676) / 12

Taylor v. Slaughter, 171 Okl. 152 (1933) / 94

Terrett v. Taylor, 9 Cranch 43 (1815) / 12

Territory v. Manton, 8 Mont. 95 / 94

Texas R. Co. v. Frazer, 182 S.W. 1161 (1912) / 276

Thayer v. Purnell [1918] 2 K.B. 333 / 328

Tonawanda R. Co. v. Munger, 5 Denio (N.Y.) 255 (1848) / 18, 327

Truax v. Corrigan, 257 U.S. 312 (1921) / 14

Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 4 Wheaton, 518 (1819) / 345

Turpin v. Lemon, 187 U.S. 51 (1902) / 12

Twyne’s Case, 3 Co. 806 (1601) / 33

Tyler v. People, 8 Mich. 320 (1860) / 191

Union Pac. Ry. Co. v. Cappier, 66 Kan. 749 (1903) / 93

United States v. Cruikshank, 92 U.S. 542 (1875) / 12

United States v. Knowles, 4 Sawy. 517 (1864) / 94

United States v. Mine Workers, 330 U.S. 258 (1947) / 353

United States v. Oregon Lumber Co., 260 U.S. 290 (1922) / 115

Universal Lodge v. Valentine, 134 Md. 505 (1919) / 15

Updegraph v. Commonwealth, 11 Serg. & R. (Pa.) 394 (1824) / 12

Urie v. Thompson, 337 U.S. 163 (1949) / 339

Vanhorne’s Lessee v. Dorrance, 2 Dall. (U.S.) 304 (1795) / 13

Vidal v. Girard, 2 How. 127 (1843) / 12

Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co., 272 U.S. 365 / 248

Virginia Homestead Cases, 22 Gratt. (Va.) 266 (1872) / 221, 222

Volger, Re., 28 Fed. Cas. 1248 (1873) / 222

Wall, Ex parte, 107 U.S. 265 (1882) / 14

Walls v. Midland Carbon Co., 254 U.S. 300 / 249

Wan v. United States, 266 U.S. 1 (1924) / 135

Ward v. Huhn, 16 Minn. 159 (1870) / 222

Ward v. Texas, 316 U.S. 547 (1942) / 134

Warfield, Ex parte, 40 Tex. Cr. 413 (1899) / 131

Watson v. Maryland, 218 U.S. 173 (1910) / 12

Weaver v. Thurmond, 68 W.Va. 530 (1911) / 276

Welch v. State, 145 Wis. 86 (1911) / 92

Welch v. Wadsworth, 30 Conn. 149 (1861) / 13

Wells Fargo Express v. State, 79 Ark. 349 (1906) / 92

Wenham v. State, 65 Neb. 394 (1902) / 222

West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish, 300 U.S. 379 (1937) / 220

Westervelt v. Gregg, 12 N.Y. 202 (1854) / 17

West v. Louisiana, 194 U.S. 258 (1904) / 12

Wetherbee v. Green, 22 Mich. 311 (1871) / 100

Wheeler’s Appeal, 45 Conn. 306 (1877) / 13

Whitesides v. Southern R. Co., 128 N.C. 229 (1901) / 94

White v. White, 5 Barb. (N.Y.) 474 (1849) / 14, 17

Wilkinson v. Leland, 2 Pet. (U.S.) 627 (1829) / 13, 30

Willard v. Tayloe, 8 Wall. 557 (1809) / 101

Williams v. Hays, 143 N.Y. 442 (1894) / 18

Wilson v. New, 243 U.S. 332 (1917) / 222

Winberry v. Salisbury, 5 N.J. 240 (1950) / 1

Windsor v. Whitney, 95 Conn. 357 (1920) / 248

Winthrop v. Lechmere (1727–28) 1 Thayer, Cases on Constitutional Law (1895) 34 / 353, 354

W. N. Hillas & Co., Ltd. v. Arcos, Ltd., 36 Commercial Cases 353 (1931) / 279

Woods v. Woods, 4 All. E.R. 9 / 137

Yazoo-M.R. Co. v. Byrd, 89 Miss. 308 (1906) / 94

Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356 (1886) / 14

Youngstown Co. v. Sawyer, 343 U.S. 579 (1952) / 366

Zeisweiss v. James, 63 Pa. St. 465 (1870) / 12