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Front Page  Titles (by Subject) Part I, Chapter VIII: Some Handicrafts-Men earn more, others less, according to the different Cases and Circumstances - Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en Général
Part I, Chapter VIII: Some Handicrafts-Men earn more, others less, according to the different Cases and Circumstances - Richard Cantillon, Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en Général [1755]Edition used:Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en General, edited with an English translation and other material by Henry Higgs, C.B. Reissued for The Royal Economic Society by Frank Cass and Co., LTD., London. 1959.
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- Introduction, By Henry Higgs
- Previous Editions, By Henry Higgs
- Essay On the Nature of Trade In General
- Part One
- Part I, Chapter I: Of Wealth
- Part I, Chapter II: Of Human Societies
- Part I, Chapter III: Of Villages
- Part I, Chapter IV: Of Market Towns
- Part I, Chapter V: Of Cities
- Part I, Chapter VI: Of Capital Cities
- Part I, Chapter VII: The Labour of the Husbandman Is of Less Value Than That of the Handicrafts-man
- Part I, Chapter VIII: Some Handicrafts-men Earn More, Others Less, According to the Different Cases and Circumstances
- Part I, Chapter IX: The Number of Labourers, Handicraftsmen and Others, Who Work In a State Is Naturally Proportioned to the Demand For Them
- Part I, Chapter X: The Price and Intrinsic Value of a Thing In General Is the Measure of the Land and Labour Which Enter Into Its Production
- Part I, Chapter XI: Of the Par Or Relation Between the Value of Land and Labour
- Part I, Chapter XII: All Classes and Individuals In a State Subsist Or Are Enriched At the Expense of the Proprietors of Land
- Part I, Chapter XIII: The Circulation and Exchange of Goods and Merchandise As Well As Their Production Are Carried On In Europe By Undertakers, and At a Risk
- Part I, Chapter XIV: The Fancies, the Fashions, and the Modes of Living of the Prince, and Especially of the Landowners, Determine the Use to Which Land Is Put In a State and Cause the Variations In the Market-prices of All Things
- Part I, Chapter XV: The Increase and Decrease of the Number of People In a State Chiefly Depend On the Taste, the Fashions, and the Modes of Living of the Proprietors of Land
- Part I, Chapter XVI: The More Labour There Is In a State the More Naturally Rich the State Is Esteemed
- Part I, Chapter XVII: Of Metals and Money, and Especially of Gold and Silver
- Part Two
- Part Ii, Chapter I: Of Barter
- Part Ii, Chapter II: Of Market Prices
- Part Ii, Chapter III: Of the Circulation of Money
- Part Ii, Chapter IV: Of Further Reflection On the Rapidity Or Slowness of the Circulation of Money In Exchange
- Part Ii, Chapter V: Of the Inequality of the Circulation of Hard Money In a State
- Part Ii, Chapter VI: Of the Increase and Decrease In the Quantity of Hard Money In a State
- Part Ii, Chapter VII: Continuation of the Same Subject
- Part Ii, Chapter VIII: Further Reflection On the Same Subject
- Part Ii, Chapter IX: Of the Interest of Money and Its Causes
- Part Ii, Chapter X: Of the Causes of the Increase and Decrease of the Interest of Money In a State
- Part Three
- Part Iii, Chapter I: Of Foreign Trade
- Part Iii, Chapter II: Of the Exchanges and Their Nature
- Part Iii, Chapter III: Further Explanations of the Nature of the Exchanges
- Part Iii, Chapter IV: Of the Variations In the Proportion of Values With Regard to the Metals Which Serve As Money
- Part Iii, Chapter V: Of the Augmentation and Diminution of Coin In Denomination
- Part Iii, Chapter VI: Of Banks and Their Credit
- Part Iii, Chapter VII: Further Explanations and Enquiries As to the Utility of a National Bank
- Part Iii, Chapter VIII: Of the Refinements of Credit of General Banks
- Richard Cantillon and the Nationality of Political Economy, By W. Stanley Jevons
- Life and Work of Richard Cantillon, By Henry Higgs
- Appendix a
- Appendix B: Bibliography
Part I, Chapter VIII
Some Handicrafts-Men earn more, others less, according to the different Cases and Circumstances
Supposing two Tailors make all the cloaths of a Village, one may have more customers than the other, whether from his mode of attracting business, or because he works better or more durably than the other, or follows the fashions better in the cut of the garments.
If one dies, the other finding himself more pressed with work will be able to raise the price of his labour, giving some customers a preference in point of expedition to others, till the Villagers find it to their advantage to have their cloaths made in another Village, Town, or City losing the time spent in going and returning, or till some other Tailor comes to live in their Village and to share in the business of it.
The Crafts which require the most Time in training or most Ingenuity and Industry must necessarily be the best paid. A skillful Cabinet-Maker must receive a higher price for his work than an ordinary Carpenter, and a good Watchmaker more than a Farrier.
The Arts and Crafts which are accompanied by risks and dangers like those of Founders, Mariners, Silver miners, etc. ought to be paid in proportion to the risks. When over and above the dangers skill is needed they ought to be paid still more, e.g. Pilots, Divers, Engineers, etc. When Capacity and trustworthiness are needed the labour is paid still more highly, as in the case of Jewellers, Bookkeepers, Cashiers and others.
By these examples and a hundred others drawn from ordinary experience it is easily seen that the difference of price paid for daily work is based upon natural and obvious reasons.
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