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Front Page  Titles (by Subject) Introduction, by Henry Higgs - Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en Général
Introduction, by Henry Higgs - Richard Cantillon, Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en Général [1755]Edition used:Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en General, edited with an English translation and other material by Henry Higgs, C.B. Reissued for The Royal Economic Society by Frank Cass and Co., LTD., London. 1959.
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- Introduction, By Henry Higgs
- Previous Editions, By Henry Higgs
- Essay On the Nature of Trade In General
- Part One
- Part I, Chapter I: Of Wealth
- Part I, Chapter II: Of Human Societies
- Part I, Chapter III: Of Villages
- Part I, Chapter IV: Of Market Towns
- Part I, Chapter V: Of Cities
- Part I, Chapter VI: Of Capital Cities
- Part I, Chapter VII: The Labour of the Husbandman Is of Less Value Than That of the Handicrafts-man
- Part I, Chapter VIII: Some Handicrafts-men Earn More, Others Less, According to the Different Cases and Circumstances
- Part I, Chapter IX: The Number of Labourers, Handicraftsmen and Others, Who Work In a State Is Naturally Proportioned to the Demand For Them
- Part I, Chapter X: The Price and Intrinsic Value of a Thing In General Is the Measure of the Land and Labour Which Enter Into Its Production
- Part I, Chapter XI: Of the Par Or Relation Between the Value of Land and Labour
- Part I, Chapter XII: All Classes and Individuals In a State Subsist Or Are Enriched At the Expense of the Proprietors of Land
- Part I, Chapter XIII: The Circulation and Exchange of Goods and Merchandise As Well As Their Production Are Carried On In Europe By Undertakers, and At a Risk
- Part I, Chapter XIV: The Fancies, the Fashions, and the Modes of Living of the Prince, and Especially of the Landowners, Determine the Use to Which Land Is Put In a State and Cause the Variations In the Market-prices of All Things
- Part I, Chapter XV: The Increase and Decrease of the Number of People In a State Chiefly Depend On the Taste, the Fashions, and the Modes of Living of the Proprietors of Land
- Part I, Chapter XVI: The More Labour There Is In a State the More Naturally Rich the State Is Esteemed
- Part I, Chapter XVII: Of Metals and Money, and Especially of Gold and Silver
- Part Two
- Part Ii, Chapter I: Of Barter
- Part Ii, Chapter II: Of Market Prices
- Part Ii, Chapter III: Of the Circulation of Money
- Part Ii, Chapter IV: Of Further Reflection On the Rapidity Or Slowness of the Circulation of Money In Exchange
- Part Ii, Chapter V: Of the Inequality of the Circulation of Hard Money In a State
- Part Ii, Chapter VI: Of the Increase and Decrease In the Quantity of Hard Money In a State
- Part Ii, Chapter VII: Continuation of the Same Subject
- Part Ii, Chapter VIII: Further Reflection On the Same Subject
- Part Ii, Chapter IX: Of the Interest of Money and Its Causes
- Part Ii, Chapter X: Of the Causes of the Increase and Decrease of the Interest of Money In a State
- Part Three
- Part Iii, Chapter I: Of Foreign Trade
- Part Iii, Chapter II: Of the Exchanges and Their Nature
- Part Iii, Chapter III: Further Explanations of the Nature of the Exchanges
- Part Iii, Chapter IV: Of the Variations In the Proportion of Values With Regard to the Metals Which Serve As Money
- Part Iii, Chapter V: Of the Augmentation and Diminution of Coin In Denomination
- Part Iii, Chapter VI: Of Banks and Their Credit
- Part Iii, Chapter VII: Further Explanations and Enquiries As to the Utility of a National Bank
- Part Iii, Chapter VIII: Of the Refinements of Credit of General Banks
- Richard Cantillon and the Nationality of Political Economy, By W. Stanley Jevons
- Life and Work of Richard Cantillon, By Henry Higgs
- Appendix a
- Appendix B: Bibliography
Introduction, by Henry Higgs
The Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en Général, written between 1730 and 1734, is now printed for the first time in England. It follows the French text of 1755 with all faults of grammar, spelling, accent and punctuation. The imperfections, unimportant in themselves, go far to refute the assertion of some authorities that the Essai is a traduction supposée, or, in other words, was composed in French as it stands.
The pagination of the original is indicated by italic figures within square brackets in the text to facilitate reference to quotations by other writers.
The English version, which is printed opposite the French pages, has been collated with the numerous parallel passages in Postlethwayt's Dictionary (see Appendix A); and the phrasing of the Dictionary has been adopted in many instances for the reasons stated on p. 384. The complete English translation of the Essai now offered is the first of its kind, and may be considered a bicentenary tribute to the original.
The article by Jevons, written in the first rapture of discovery, deserves in form and substance to be associated with this edition.
The concluding article corrects some of Jevons's facts, resolves some of his doubts, and adds a further contribution to our knowledge of Cantillon's life and work.
My best thanks are due to Mr and Mrs Bowes Daly for their permission to reproduce the portraits of Cantillon's wife and daughter.
Henry Higgs July 1931
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