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• Preface
• I.: The Germans and the Empire to 1073
• 1.: Selections From the Germania of Tacitus, Ca. 100 Ad
• 2.: Procopius, Vandal War. (greek.)
• 3.: Procopius, Gothic War. (greek.)
• 4.: The Salic Law.
• 5.: Selections From the History of the Franks, By Gregory of Tours.
• 6.: The Coronation of Pippin, 751.
• 7.: Einhard’s Life of Karl the Great.
• 8.: The Imperial Coronation of Karl the Great, 800.
• 9.: General Capitulary About the Missi, 802.
• 10.: Selections From the Monk of St. Gall.
• 11.: Letter of Karl the Great to Baugulf, Abbot of Fulda, 787.
• 12.: Letter of Karl the Great In Regard to the Two Books of Sermons Prepared By Paul the Deacon, Ca. 790.
• 13.: Recognition of Karl By the Emperors At Constantinople, 812.
• 14.: Letter of Karl to Emperor Michael I, 813.
• 15.: Letter to Ludwig the Pious Concerning the Appearance of a Comet, 837.
• 16.: The Strassburg Oaths, 842.
• 17-18.: the Treaty of Verdun, 843.
• 17.: Annales Bertiniani.
• 18.: Regino.
• 19.: The Treaty of Meersen, 870.
• 20.: Invasions of Northmen At the End of the Ninth Century.
• 21.: Invasion of the Hungarians, Ca. 950.
• 22.: Dissolution of the Empire.
• 23.: The Coronation of Arnulf, 896.
• 24, 25.: Rise of the Tribal Duchies In Germany, Ca. 900.
• 24.: Saxony.
• 25.: Suabia.
• 26.: Henry I and the Saxon Cities, 919-36.
• 27.: The Election of Otto I, 936.
• 28.: Otto I and the Hungarians.
• 29.: The Imperial Coronation of Otto I, 962.
• 30-31.: the Acquisition of Burgundy By the Empire, 1018-1032.
• 30.: Thietmar of Merseburg.
• 31.: Wipo, Life of Conrad II.
• 32.: Henry Iii and the Eastern Frontier, 1040 to 1043.
• II.: The Papacy to the Accession of Gregory Vii, 1073
• 33.: Legislation Concerning the Election of Bishops, Fourth to the Ninth Century.
• 34.: The Pope Must Be Chosen From the Cardinal Clergy of Rome, 769.
• 35.: The Petrine Theory As Stated By Leo I, 440-61.
• 36.: The Emperor Gives the Pope Authority In Certain Secular Matters.
• 37.: The Emperor Has the Right to Confirm the Election of the Bishop of Rome, Ca. 650. a Letter From the Church At Rome to the Emperor At Constantinople, Asking Him to Confirm the Election of Their Bishop.
• 38.: A Letter From the Church At Rome to the Exarch At Ravenna, Asking Him to Confirm the Election of Their Bishop, Ca. 600.
• 39.: Gregory I Sends Missionaries to the English, 596.
• 40.: The Oath of Boniface to Pope Gregory Ii, 723.
• 41-42.: the Rebellion of the Popes Against the Emperor.
• 41.: Letter of Pope Gregory Ii to the Emperor, Leo Iii, 726 Or 727.
• 42.: Gregory Iii Excommunicates All Iconoclasts, 731 Ad
• 43.: The Pope, Gregory Iii, Asks Aid of the Franks Against the Lombards, 739. A Letter of Gregory Iii to Karl Martel.
• 44-46.: the Acquisition of Land By the Pope.
• 44.: Promise of Pippin to Pope Stephen Ii, 753-54.
• 45.: Donation of Pippin, 756.
• 46.: Promise of Charles to Adrian I, 774.
• 47.: Karl the Great Declares the Pope Has Only Spiritual Duties, 796. Letter of Karl to Leo III.
• 48.: Karl the Great Exercises Authority In Rome, 800.
• 49.: The Oath of Pope Leo Iii Before Karl the Great, 800.
• 50.: The Oath of the Romans to Ludwig the Pious and Lothar, 824.
• 51.: The Emperor Admits the Right of the Pope to Confer the Imperial Title. Passages From a Letter of Ludwig Ii, Emperor, to Basil, Emperor At Constantinople, 871.
• 52.: The Pope Enacts That Papal Elections Must Take Place In the Presence of the Emperor’s Representatives. Enactment of a Roman Synod Held By John Ix, 898.
• 53.: The Oath of Otto I to John Xii, 961.
• 54.: Otto I Confirms the Pope In the Possession of His Lands, 962.
• 55.: Leo Viii Grants the Emperor the Right to Choose the Pope and Invest All Bishops, 963.
• 56.: The Pope Confers the Royal Title. a Letter of Pope Sylvester Ii to Stephen of Hungary, 1000.
• 57.: The Emperor, Henry Iii, Deposes and Creates Popes, 1048.
• 58.: The Pope Becomes the Feudal Lord of Southern Italy and Sicily, 1059. The Oaths of Robert Guiscard to Pope Nicholas Ii, 1059.
• 59.: The Papal Election Decree of Nicholas Ii, 1059.
• III.: The Struggle Between the Empire and the Papacy, 1073-1250
• 60-64.: Prohibition of Simony, Marriage of the Clergy, and Lay Investiture, 1074-1123.
• 60.: Prohibition of Simony and of the Marriage of the Clergy, 1074 Ad
• 61.: Simony and Celibacy. the Roman Council, 1074.
• 62.: Celibacy of the Clergy. Gregory Vii, 1074.
• 63.: Action of the Ninth General Council In the Lateran Against the Marriage of the Clergy, 1123 Ad
• 64.: Prohibition of Lay Investiture, November 19, 1078.
• 65.: Dictatus Papæ, Ca. 1090.
• 66.: Letter of Gregory Vii to All the Faithful, Commending His Legates, 1074.
• 67.: Oath of the Patriarch of Aquileia to Gregory Vii, 1079 Ad
• 68-73.: Gregory Vii Exercises Secular Authority.
• 68.: The Oath of Fidelity Which Richard, Prince of Capua, Swore to Gregory Vii, 1073.
• 69.: Letter of Gregory Vii to the Princes Wishing to Reconquer Spain, 1073.
• 70.: Letter of Gregory Vii to Wratislav, Duke of Bohemia, 1073.
• 71.: Letter of Gregory Vii to Sancho, King of Aragon, 1074.
• 72.: Letter of Gregory Vii to Solomon, King of Hungary, 1074.
• 73.: Letter of Gregory Vii to Demetrius, King of the Russians, 1075.
• 74-81.: Conflict Between Henry Iv and Gregory VII.
• 74.: Letter of Gregory Vii to Henry Iv, December, 1075.
• 75.: The Deposition of Gregory Vii By Henry Iv, January 24, 1076.
• 76.: Letter of the Bishops to Gregory Vii, January 24, 1076.
• 77.: The First Deposition and Excommunication of Henry Iv By Gregory Vii, 1076.
• 78.: The Agreement At Oppenheim, October, 1076.
• 79.: Edict Annulling the Decrees Against Pope Gregory.
• 80.: Letter of Gregory Vii to the German Princes Concerning the Penance of Henry Iv At Canossa, Ca. January 28, 1077.
• 81.: The Oath of King Henry.
• 82.: Countess Matilda Gives All Her Lands to the Church, 1102.
• 83.: The First Privilege Which Paschal Ii Granted to Henry V, February 12, 1111.
• 84.: The Second Privilege Which Paschal Ii Granted to Henry V, April 12, 1111.
• 85-86.: Concordat of Worms, 1122.
• 85.: The Promise of Calixtus II.
• 86.: The Promise of Henry V.
• 87.: Election Notice, 1125.
• 88.: Anaclete Ii Gives Roger the Title of King of Sicily, 1130.
• 89.: The Coronation Oath of Lothar Ii, June 4, 1133.
• 90.: Innocent Ii Grants the Lands of the Countess Matilda As a Fief to Lothar Ii, 1133.
• 91.: Letter of Bernard of Clairvaux to Lothar Ii, 1134.
• 92.: Letter of Bernard to Conrad Iii, 1140.
• 93.: Letter of Conrad Iii to the Greek Emperor, John Comnenus, 1142.
• 94.: Letter of Wibald, Abbot of Stablo, to Eugene Iii, 1159.
• 95.: Letter of Frederick I to Eugene Iii, Announcing His Election, 1152.
• 96.: Answer of Eugene Iii, May 17, 1152.
• 97.: Treaty of Constance, 1153.
• 98.: The Stirrup Episode, 1155.
• 99.: Treaty Between Adrian Iv and William of Sicily, 1156.
• 100-102.: the Besançon Episode, 1157.
• 100.: Letter of Adrian Iv to Frederick, September 20, 1157.
• 101.: Manifesto of the Emperor, October, 1157.
• 102.: Letter of Adrian Iv to the Emperor, February, 1158.
• 103.: Definition of Regalia Or Crown Rights, Given At the Diet Held On the Roncalian Plain, 1158.
• 104.: Grounds For the Quarrel Between Adrian Iv and Frederick I. Letter of Eberhard, Bishop of Bamberg, to Eberhard, Archbishop of Salzburg, 1159.
• 105-107.: the Disputed Papal Election of 1159.
• 105.: Letter of Alexander Iii About His Election, 1159.
• 106.: Letter of Victor Iv to the German Princes, 1159.
• 107.: The Account of the Election As Given By Gerhoh of Reichersberg, Ca. 1160.
• 108.: The Preliminary Treaty of Anagni Between Alexander Iii and Frederick I, 1176.
• 109.: The Peace of Constance, January 25, 1183.
• 110.: The Formation of the Duchy of Austria, 1156.
• 111.: The Bishop of Würzburg Is Made a Duke, 1168.
• 112.: Decree of Gelnhausen, 1180.
• 113.: Papal Election Decree of Alexander Iii, 1179.
• 114-115.: Supremacy of the Papal Power.
• 114.: Innocent Iii to Acerbius, 1198.
• 115.: The Use of the Pallium. Innocent Iii to the Archbishop of Trnova (in Bulgaria), 1201.
• 116-118.: the Punishment of Heretics.
• 116.: Innocent Iii to the Archbishop of Auch In Gascony, 1198.
• 117.: Innocent Iii Commands All In Authority to Aid His Legates In Destroying Heresy, 1198.
• 118.: Confiscation of the Property of Heretics. Innocent Iii to the King of Aragon, 1206.
• 119.: Innocent Iii Commands the French Bishops to Punish Usury, 1198.
• 120.: Innocent Iii Forbids Violence to the Jews, 1199.
• 121.: Innocent Iii to the Archbishop of Rouen, 1198.
• 122.: Innocent Iii to a Bishop, Forbidding Laymen to Demand Tithes of the Clergy, 1198.
• 123-125.: the Secular Power of Innocent III.
• 123.: The Prefect of Rome Takes the Oath of Fidelity to the Pope, 1198.
• 124.: John of Ceccano’s Oath of Fidelity to Innocent Iii, 1201.
• 125.: Innocent Iii Commands the Archbishop of Messina to Receive the Oaths of Bailiffs In Sicily, 1203.
• 126.: Innocent Iii Commands the English Barons to Pay Their Accustomed Scutage to King John, 1206.
• 127.: Innocent Iii to Peter of Aragon, 1211.
• 128.: Innocent Iii Grants the Title of King to the Duke of Bohemia, 1204.
• 129.: Innocent Iii Rebukes the English Barons For Resisting King John of England, 1216.
• 130.: Decision of Innocent Iii In Regard to the Disputed Election of Frederick Ii, Philip of Suabia, and Otto of Brunswick, 1201.
• 131.: Treaty Between Philip, King of Germany, and Philip Ii, King of France, 1198.
• 132.: Alliance Between Otto Iv and John of England, 1202.
• 133.: Concessions of Philip of Suabia to Innocent Iii, 1203.
• 134.: Promise of Frederick Ii to Innocent Iii, 1213.
• 135.: Promise of Frederick Ii to Resign Sicily After His Coronation As Emperor, 1216.
• 136.: Concessions of Frederick Ii to the Ecclesiastical Princes of Germany, 1220.
• 137.: Decision of the Diet Concerning the Granting of New Tolls and Mints, 1220.
• 138.: Frederick Ii Gives a Charter to the Patriarch of Aquileia, 1220.
• 139.: Statute of Frederick Ii In Favor of the Princes, 1231-2.
• 140-142.: Treaty of San Germano, 1230.
• 140.: The Preliminary Agreement.
• 141.: Papal Stipulations In the Peace of San Germano, 1230.
• 142.: Letter of Gregory Ix About the Emperor’s Visit to Him After the Peace of San Germano, 1230.
• 143-144.: the Final Struggle Between Gregory Ix and Frederick II.
• 143.: Papal Charges and Imperial Defence, 1238.
• 144.: The Excommunication of Frederick Ii, 1239.
• 145.: Current Stories About Frederick II.
• IV.: The Empire From 1250 to 1500
• 146.: Diet of Nürnberg, 1274.
• 147.: The German Princes Confirm Rudolf’s Surrender of All Imperial Claims In Italy, 1278-79.
• 148.: Revocation of Grants of Lands Belonging to the Imperial Domain, 1281.
• 149.: An Electoral “letter of Consent,” 1282.
• 150.: Letter of Rudolf to Edward I, King of England, Announcing His Intention of Investing His Sons With Austria, Etc., 1283.
• 151.: Decree Against Counterfeiters, 1285.
• 152.: The Beginning of the Swiss Confederation, 1290.
• 152 A.: Edict of Rudolf, Forbidding Judges of Servile Rank to Exercise Authority In Schwyz, 1291.
• 153.: Concessions of Adolf, Count of Nassau, to the Archbishop of Cologne In Return For His Vote, 1292.
• 154.: The Archbishop of Mainz Is Confirmed As Archchancellor of Germany, 1298.
• 155.: Declaration of the Election of Henry Vii, 1308.
• 156.: The Supplying of the Office of the Archchancellor of Italy, 1310.
• 157.: The Law “licet Juris” of the Diet of Frankfort, August 8, 1338.
• 158-159.: the Diet of Coblenz, 1338.
• 158.: Chronicle of Flanders. (french.)
• 159.: Chronicle of Henry Knyghton.
• 160.: The Golden Bull of Charles Iv, 1356.
• 160 a and 160 B.: the Acquisition of the Mark of Brandenburg By the Hohenzollern Family, 1411.
• 160 A.: the Cities of the Mark Make Complaints to Sigismund, 1411. ( German. )
• 160 B.: Sigismund Orders the People of the Mark to Receive Frederick of Hohenzollern As Their Governor, 1412. ( German. )
• V.: The Church From 1250 to 1500
• 161.: Bull of Nicholas Iii Condemning All Heretics, 1280.
• 162.: The Bull “clericis Laicos” of Boniface Viii, 1298.
• 163.: Boniface Viii Announces the Jubilee Year, 1300.
• 164.: The Bull “unam Sanctam” of Boniface Viii, 1302.
• 165.: Conclusions Drawn By Marsilius of Padua From His “defensor Pacis.”
• 166.: Condemnation of Marsilius of Padua. 1327.
• 167.: The Beginning of the Schism. the Manifesto of the Revolting Cardinals. Aug. 5, 1378.
• 168.: The University of Paris and the Schism, 1393.
• 169.: The Council of Pisa Declares It Is Competent to Try the Popes. 1409.
• 170.: An Oath of the Cardinals to Reform the Church. Council of Pisa, 1409.
• 171.: The Council of Constance Claims Supreme Authority, 1415.
• 172.: Reforms Demanded By the Council of Constance, 1417.
• 173.: Concerning General Councils. the Council of Constance, 39th Session, October 9, 1417.
• 174.: Pius Ii, By the Bull “execrabilis,” Condemns Appeals to a General Council, 1459.
• 175.: William Iii of Saxony Forbids Appeals to Foreign Courts, 1446.
• 176.: Papal Charter For the Establishment of the University of Avignon, 1303.
• 177.: Popular Dissatisfaction That the Church Had So Much Wealth, Ca. 1480.
• 178.: Complaints of the Germans Against the Pope, 1510.
• 179.: Abuses In the Sale of Indulgences, 1512.
• VI.: Feudalism
• 180.: Form For the Creation of an Antrustio By the King.
• 181.: Form For the Suspending of Lawsuits.
• 182.: Form For Commendation. Middle of Eighth Century.
• 183.: Form By Which the King Allows a Powerful Person to Undertake the Cases of a Poor Person.
• 184-188.: Dependent Tenure of Land.
• 184.: Form For the Gift of Land to a Church to Be Received Back By the Giver As a Benefice.
• 185.: Form For a Precarial Letter.
• 186.: Form of Precarial Letter.
• 187.: Form of Precarial Letter.
• 188.: Gift of Land to Be Received Back and Held In Perpetuity For a Fixed Rent.
• 189.: Treaty of Andelot, 587.
• 190-194.: Grants of Immunity.
• 190.: Precept of Chlothar Ii, 584-628.
• 191.: Grant of Immunity to a Monastery, 673.
• 192.: Form of a Grant of Immunity to a Monastery.
• 193.: Form By Which the King Granted Lands With Immunity to Secular Persons.
• 194.: Grant of Immunity to a Secular Person, 815.
• 195-196.: the Feudalizing of Public Offices.
• 195.: Edict of Chlothar Ii, 614.
• 196.: Capitulary of Kiersy, 877.
• 197-202.: the Military Obligation of the Holder of Land.
• 197.: Capitulary of Lestinnes, 743.
• 198.: Capitulary of Aquitaine, Pippin, 768.
• 199.: Capitulary of Heristal, 779.
• 200.: General Capitulary to the Missi, 802.
• 201.: Capitulary to the Missi, 806.
• 202.: Capitulary Concerning Various Matters, 807.
• 203-208.: Effect of the Carolingian Organization On the Growth of Feudalism.
• 203.: General Capitulary to the Missi, 805.
• 204.: Capitulary of 811.
• 205.: Capitulary of Worms, 829.
• 206.: Capitulary of Aachen, 801-813.
• 207.: Agreement of Lothar, Ludwig, and Charles, 847.
• 208.: Capitulary of Bologna, 811.
• 209.: Homage.
• 210.: Homage.
• 211.: Homage.
• 212.: Homage.
• 213.: Homage.
• 214.: Homage of Edward Iii of England to Philip V of France, 1329.
• 215.: Feudal Aids.
• 216.: Feudal Aids.
• 217.: Feudal Aids, Etc.
• 218-225.: Homages Paid By the Count of Champagne.
• 218.: Homage to the Duke of Burgundy, 1143.
• 219.: Homage to Philip Ii of France, 1198.
• 220.: Homage to the Duke of Burgundy, 1200.
• 221, 222.: Agreement Between Blanche of Champagne and Philip Ii, 1201.
• 221.: Letter of Blanche.
• 222.: Letter of the King.
• 223.: Homage to the Bishop of Langres, 1214.
• 224.: Homage to the Bishop of Châlons, 1214.
• 225.: Homage to the Abbot of St. Denis, 1226.
• 226.: List of the Fiefs of Champagne, About 1172.
• 227.: Sum of the Knights [who Owe Service to the Count of Champagne].
• 228.: Extent of the Lands of the County of Champagne and Brie, About 1215.
• 229, 230.: The Attempt of the King to Control the Feudal Nobles.
• 229.: The Feudal Law of Conrad Ii, 1037.
• 230.: The Feudal Law of Frederick I For Italy, 1158.
• VII.: Courts, Judicial Processes, and the Peace
• 231.: Sachsenspiegel.
• 232.: Frederic Ii Appoints a Justiciar and a Court Secretary, 1235. From the Peace of the Land Which Was Proclaimed At Mainz, 1235.
• 233.: Wenzel Creates a Commission to Arbitrate All Differences, 1389. From the Peace of Eger, 1398. (german.)
• 234-239.: Ordeals Or Judgments of God.
• 234.: Ordeal By Hot Water.
• 235.: Ordeal By Hot Iron.
• 236.: Ordeal By Cold Water.
• 237.: Ordeal By Cold Water.
• 238.: Ordeal By the Barley Bread.
• 239.: Ordeal By Bread and Cheese.
• 240-250.: Documents On the Peace of God, the Truce of God, and the Peace of the Land.
• 240.: Peace of God, Proclaimed In the Synod of Charroux, 989.
• 241.: Peace of God, Proclaimed By Guy of Anjou, Bishop of Puy, 990.
• 242.: Truce of God, Made For the Archbishopric of Arles, 1035-41.
• 243.: Truce of God For the Archbishoprics of Besancon and Vienne, Ca., 1041.
• 244.: Truce For the Bishopric of Terouanne, 1063.
• 245.: Peace of the Land Established By Henry Iv, 1103.
• 246.: Peace of the Land For Elsass, 1085-1103.
• 247.: Decree of Frederick I Concerning the Keeping of Peace, 1156.
• 248.: Peace of the Land Declared By Frederick I In Italy, 1158.
• 249.: The Perpetual Peace of the Land Proclaimed By Maximilian I, 1495. ( German. )
• 250.: The Establishment of a Supreme Court to Try Peace-breakers, 1495. ( German. )
• VIII.: Monasticism
• 251.: The Rule of St. Benedict. About 530.
• 252.: Oath of the Benedictines.
• 253.: Monk’s Vow.
• 254.: Monk’s Vow.
• 255.: Monk’s Vow.
• 256.: Monk’s Vow.
• 257.: The Written Profession of a Monk.
• 258.: The Ceremony of Receiving a Monk Into the Monastery.
• 259.: Offering of a Child to the Monastery.
• 260.: Offering of a Child to the Monastery.
• 261.: Commendatory Letter.
• 262.: Commendatory Letter.
• 263.: General Letter.
• 264.: Letter of Dismissal.
• 265.: The Regular Clergy. Prologue of the Rule of St. Chrodegang, Bishop of Metz, For His Clergy, Ca. 744.
• 265 A.: Military-monkish Orders. the Origin of the Templars, 1119.
• 266.: Anastasius Iv Grants Privileges to the Knights of St. John (hospitallers), 1154.
• 267.: Innocent Iii Orders the Bishops of France to Guard Against Simony In the Monasteries, 1211.
• 268.: Innocent Iii Grants the Use of the Mitre to the Abbot of Marseilles, 1204.
• 269.: The Friars. the Rule of St. Francis, 1223.
• 270.: The Testament of St. Francis, 1220.
• 271.: Innocent Iv Grants the Friars Permission to Ride On Horseback When Travelling In the Service of the King of England, 1250.
• 272.: Alexander Iv Condemns the Attacks Made On the Friars Because of Their Idleness and Begging, 1256.
• 273.: John Xxii Condemns the Theses of John of Poilly In Which He Attacked the Friars, 1320.
• IX.: The Crusades
• 274.: The Meritorious Character of Martyrdom. Origen, Exhortation to Martyrdom, 235 Ad, Chaps. 30 and 50. (greek.)
• 275.: Origen, Commentary On Numbers, Homily X, 2. ( Greek. )
• 276.: Forgiveness of Sins For Those Who Die In Battle With the Heathen. Leo Iv (847-55) to the Army of the Franks.
• 277.: Indulgence For Fighting Heathen, 878.
• 278.: Gregory Vii Calls For a Crusade, 1074.
• 279.: The Speech of Urban Ii At the Council of Clermont, 1095. Fulcher of Chartres.
• 280.: The Council of Clermont, 1095. Robert the Monk.
• 281.: The Truce of God and Indulgence For Crusaders. the Council of Clermont, 1095.
• 282.: Rabble Bands of Crusaders. Ekkehard of Aura, Hierosolimita.
• 283.: Peter the Hermit. Anonymi Gesta Francorum, 1097-99.
• 284.: Eugene Iii Announces a Crusade, December 1, 1145.
• 285.: The Third Crusade, 1189-90. From the Chronicle of Otto of St. Blasien.
• 286.: Innocent Iii Forbids the Venetians to Traffic With the Mohammedans, 1198.
• 287.: Papal Protection of Crusaders. Innocent Iii Takes the King of the Danes Under His Protection, 1210.
• 288.: Innocent Iii and the Lateran Council Announce a Crusade, 1215.
• X.: Social Classes and Cities In Germany
• 289.: Otto Iii Forbids the Unfree Classes to Attempt to Free Themselves, Ca. 1000.
• 290.: Henry I Frees a Serf, 926.
• 291.: Henry Iii Frees a Female Serf, 1050.
• 292.: The Recovery of Fugitive Serfs, 1224.
• 293.: The Rank of Children Born of Mixed Marriages Is Fixed, 1282.
• 294.: Frederick Ii Confers Nobility, About 1240.
• 295.: Charles Iv Confers Nobility On a Doctor of Both Laws, 1360.
• 296.: The Law of the Family of the Bishop of Worms, 1023.
• 297.: The Charter of the Ministerials of the Archbishop of Cologne, 1154.
• 298.: The Bishop of Hamburg Grants a Charter to Colonists, 1106.
• 299.: The Privilege of Frederick I For the Jews, 1157.
• 300.: The Bishop of Speyer Gives the Jews of His City a Charter, 1084.
• 301-325.: the Cities of Germany.
• 301.: Lothar Ii (855-69) Grants a Market to the Monastery of Prüm, 861.
• 302.: Otto I Grants a Market to an Archbishop, 965.
• 303.: Otto Iii Grants a Market to Count Bertold, 999.
• 304.: No One Shall Compel Merchants to Come to His Market, 1236.
• 305.: A Market-court Is Independent of the Local Court, 1218.
• 306.: Otto I Grants Jurisdiction Over a Town to the Abbots of New Corvey, 940.
• 307.: The Ban-mile, Or the Limits of the Bishop’s Authority, 1237.
• 308.: The Citizens of Cologne Expel Their Archbishop, 1074.
• 309.: The People of Cologne Rebel Against Their Archbishop, 1074.
• 310.: Confirmation of the Immediateness of the Citizens of Speyer, 1267.
• 311.: Summons Sent to an Imperial City to Attend a Diet, 1338.
• 312.: Municipal Freedom Is Given to the Town Called Ebenbuchholtz, 1201.
• 313.: The Extension of the Corporate Limits of the City of Brunswick, 1269.
• 314.: The Decision of a Diet About the Establishment of City Councils In Cathedral Towns, 1218.
• 315.: Frederick Ii Forbird the Municipal Freedom of the Towns and Annuls All City Charters, 1231-2.
• 316.: Breslau Adopts the Charter of Magdeburg, 1261. (german.)
• 317.: The Schoeffen of Magdeburg Give Decisions For Culm, 1338. (german.)
• 318.: The Establishment of the Rhine League, 1254.
• 319.: Peace Established By the Rhine League, 1254.
• 320.: Agreement Between Hamburg and Lübeck, Ca. 1230.
• 321.: Agreement For Mutual Protection Between Lübeck and Hamburg, 1241.
• 322.: Lübeck, Rostock, and Wismar Proscribe Pirates, 1259.
• 323.: Decrees of the Hanseatic League, 1260-64.
• 324.: Decrees of the Hanseatic League, 1265.
• 325.: Cologne Merchants Have a Gildhall In London, 1157.
• Bibliography
• 1.: Large Collections; National
• 2.: Large Collections; Ecclesiastical and Papal
• 3.: Special Topics Selected Documents, Etc.
• Glossary

325.

Cologne Merchants have a Gildhall in London, 1157.

Henry [II], by the grace of God, etc., . . . to his justiciars, sheriffs, and all his officials in England, greeting. I command you to guard, maintain, and protect all the men and citizens of Cologne as if they were my own subjects and friends, and all their goods, merchandise, and possessions. You shall not permit them to suffer any loss or damage in their house in London, which is called their gildhall, or in their goods, or merchandise, or anything else that belongs to them, because they are faithful to me, and they are in my ward and protection. They shall have complete protection, and they shall pay only their customary tolls, and you shall not exact new tolls from them. . . .

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The following list is intended to serve both as a brief bibliography of important collections of mediæval documents and as an explanation of the references. In the case of the more important collections and works a brief comment is added. Many titles are omitted where the reference in the text is clear and the work is not of general importance.

1.

LARGE COLLECTIONS; NATIONAL

• M. G. Monumenta Germaniæ Historica; SS., LL., DD., refer to the divisions Scriptores, Leges, Diplomata, according to which the work is arranged; folio, 4to, refer to the two forms of the collection.
• Scriptores rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum; chronicles reprinted in 8vo from M. G. SS.
• Jaffé, Bibliotheca rerum Germanicarum; 6 vols.
• Böhmer, Fontes rerum Germanicarum; 4 vols.
• Böhmer-Ficker-Winkelmann, Regesta. Summaries of imperial documents with indications of the places where they are to be found.
• Bouquet Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France. French collection of mediæval sources, in 23 vols.
• Documents inédits sur l’histoire de France.
• Muratori, Rerum Italicarum Scriptores; collection of chronicles relating chiefly to the history of Italy in the Middle Age, in 28 vols.
• Rolls series, Rerum Britannicarum medii aevi scriptores, or chronicles and memorials of Great Britain and Ireland during the Middle Ages. Published under the direction of the Master of the Rolls.
• Rymer, Foedera; English public documents, 20 vols.

2.

LARGE COLLECTIONS; ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAPAL

• Migne, Patrologia; Cursus completus patrologiæ . . . Series Latina; acts and writings of the fathers and popes, 221 vols.
• Mansi, Conciliorum amplissima collectio.
• Hefele, Conciliengeschichte; quotes or cites in translation many decrees of councils; 9 vols.
• Baronius, Annales ecclesiastici; collection of chronicles relating to the history of the Roman Catholic church, published in 1598.
• Raynaldus, Annales; continuation of Baronius.
• Watterich, Pontificum Romanorum vitæ; lives of the popes, 9th to 13th centuries.
• Bullarium Romanum; collection of papal bulls, 450-1550 ad
• Corpus juris canonici; collection of decrees of councils and popes, forming the body of the canon or church law.
• Liber diurnus; collection of forms of papal documents, letters, grants, bulls, etc., to serve as models for the papal secretaries.
• Duchesne, Liber pontificalis.

3.

SPECIAL TOPICS SELECTED DOCUMENTS, ETC.

• Die Chroniken der deutschen Städte vom 14. bis ins 16. Jahrh.; 22 vols.
• Huilliard-Bréholles, Historica diplomatica Friderici secundi; 12 vols.
• Doeberl, Monumenta Germaniæ Selecta; selected documents referring to the history of Germany, vols. 3-5, 1037-1250 ad
• Altmann und Bernheim, Ausgewählte Urkunden; selected documents referring to the history of Germany in the Middle Age.
• Breslau, Diplomata Centum; a collection of one hundred documents illustrating mediæval diplomatics.

GLOSSARY

This list is meant to include only technical terms which occur frequently in the text. Terms which are familiar, and those which are used only once or twice and explained in the text, are therefore not included.

abbot, head of a monastery; see no. 251, chs. 2, 64.

advocate, advocatus, representative of church or prelate in secular affairs; in feudal system regularly a vassal of the church, holding office and church lands as fief; see no. 296 introduction.

aids, obligations of vassal to his lord; see introductory note to nos. 209-228, and nos. 215-217.

alderman, originally head of a gild; later, regularly member of ruling council of a city.

allodial land, alod, small freehold, as distinct from tenant-farm; later in feudal system also applied to family possessions of a noble as distinct from lands held by title of duke, count, etc.; an instance of this latter use in no. 90.

anathema, curse, regularly associated with papal excommunication.

apostolic seat, apostolic see, the bishopric of Rome, used as a figure of speech for pope or papal office.

Augustus, from time of Otto III the title regularly assumed by emperors after imperial coronation; indicates the theory that mediæval emperors were successors to Roman emperors.

bailly, bailiff, representative of lord in the villa.

ban, (1) proscription, or outlawry, regularly that pronounced by emperor against a subject; (2) particular fine paid to emperor or king in addition to ordinary penalty, usually 60 solidi.

basilica, church, especially early church modelled on Roman public building called basilica.

Bauermeister, see introductory note to section vii.

benefice, beneficium, (1) a form of land-holding, practically a fief; see nos. 197-202 and introduction; (2) lands and income attached to the office of a canon.

bull, a decree or edict of the pope.

burggrave, the official representative of overlord or king in a city; later a feudal noble.

canon, (1) a decree of a council or synod; (2) one of the chapter of a bishop’s church.

canon law, ecclesiastical law, the law of the church, based on the decrees of popes and councils; see no. 33, introduction, and Bibliography, Corpus juris canonici.

canonical election, election of a church official in accordance with canon law.

capitulary, decree or edict of Carolingian king or emperor, drawn up with advice of Frankish assembly.

cardinal, a member of the Sacred College, the advisory body of the pope, standing next to him in Catholic hierarchy, and intrusted with duty of electing pope. Members of college have titular offices in the bishopric of Rome, as cardinal bishops (now 6 in number), cardinal presbyters (now 50), and cardinal deacons (now 14).

chamberlain, see court officials.

chancellor, official at the head of the department intrusted with drawing up and preserving documents; an important office in every royal court, frequently held by an ecclesiastic.

chaplain, priest of private church or chapel of great lord or ruler; in royal courts becomes important member of council and central administration of king.

chapter, regularly the corporation of the clergy attached to the bishop’s church, including dean, præpositus, cantor, scholasticus, penitentiarius, treasurer, etc.

confession of St. Peter; see no. 45, note 1.

council, the general assembly of the church, composed of chief clergy and representatives of lower clergy, and summoned occasionally by pope or cardinals; see no. 41, note 3, and nos. 169-174.

count, comes, the chief official in a county, originally as representative of the king, later, in feudal system, as feudal lord of lesser nobles in county.

count palatine, comes palatinus, one of chief officials of royal court; in feudal system, hereditary title attached to certain possessions, as palatine county of the Rhine in Germany, and of Champagne in France.

court officials, officers of the royal courts charged with important departments of central administration: seneschal, steward, chief official in charge of royal household and domains; chamberlain, originally officer in charge of royal chamber, later practically treasurer; cupbearer, cellarer, or butler, officer in charge of vineyards; marshal or constable, officer in charge of royal stables, later of the royal army. These offices in the beginning were of private nature, were later extended to include important public functions and became hereditary in hands of great nobles, and then became merely titular and ceremonial, the real duties being performed by royal officials and servants. See no. 160, ch. 27, for this last stage, in Germany.

cupbearer, see court officials.

dean, head of a chapter of canons.

denarius, a small coin, penny, originally silver; see no. 4, I, note 2.

diet, general assembly of the empire, including in final form the great ecclesiastics and nobles, and representatives of imperial cities; see nos. 146, 158, 159, 160 for instances.

diocese, ecclesiastical district ruled over by a bishop, made up of parishes; archdiocese, ecclesiastical district of an archbishop, comprising several bishoprics.

duke, ruler of a duchy, a great feudal lord, in Germany retaining character also of a public official to time of Frederick I.

electors, electoral princes, princes of Germany who exercised the right of electing the emperor; see no. 160 for names of the electors, their prerogatives, etc.

excommunication, exclusion from the communion of the Catholic church, entailing loss of rank and privileges on part of church officials, and of allegiance of subjects on part of secular ruler; ecclesiastical outlawry.

feudal terms, see introductory note to nos. 209-228.

fief, regularly an estate or territory held from a superior on terms of personal allegiance and honorable service, usually military support.

fodrum, fodder; as an obligation, the duty of supplying provisions for the royal army.

gild, society or association of merchants of a town, or of artisans of a single trade in a town. Gild of the merchants in many cases represented the town in the struggle for a charter, and government of many towns was based on the organization of the gild.

hide, portion of a family in the lands of the village community.

hierarchy of the Catholic church, chief ecclesiastical officials; in order of authority: pope, cardinals, archbishops, bishops. For lower grades, see no. 34, note 1.

homage, ceremony of entering into personal dependence on a lord, preliminary to receiving a fief from him; see nos. 209-214, 218-225.

hundred, division of the county, mainly for judicial purposes; see no. 1, note 1, and no. 4 introduction.

hundred-court, local public court of the hundred; the regular public court in Germany; see introductory note to section vii.

hundred-man, centenarius, centgraf, presiding official of the hundred-court, usually elected by freemen of the hundred; see no. 1, note 4, and no. 4 introduction.

immunity, freedom from control of public officials; a right attached to gifts of land from king; see nos. 190-194, and introduction.

indiction, number of a year in a period of 15 years, used as a means of dating mediæval documents; established by Constantine and beginning with the year 313 ad To find the indiction of a year, add 3 to the number of the year and divide by 15; the remainder is the indiction of the year; if there is no remainder, the indiction is 15.

indulgence, see no. 179 introduction.

insignia, symbols of office, commonly referring to royal or imperial symbols; see nos. 158, 159, and 160, ch. 22, for insignia of emperor.

interdict, prohibition of performance of church services and sacraments, pronounced by ecclesiastical authority against a district or a country, frequently for the sins of its ruler.

investiture, the ceremony of induction into office, whether ecclesiastical or secular.

justice, in feudal system technically right of lord to try cases of inhabitants of his fief in his feudal court; see no. 228, 1, note 1; as a revenue, income from fines in feudal justice.

king of the Romans, title used by German kings from the time of Henry III before the imperial coronation; later also used by son of the emperor associated in the rule with his father.

landgrave, a feudal noble, practically the same as feudal count.

legate, special representative of the pope; see no. 66 introduction.

liege homage, see no. 218 introduction.

margrave, the official in control of a mark or frontier county; later a feudal noble.

marshal, see court officials.

metropolitan, as a noun, archbishop; as an adjective, archiepiscopal.

ministerial, servant of the king or great lord in Germany; being endowed with land and used as mounted followers in war, they become a lower nobility; see no. 297 introduction.

missi, in general, representatives of central government sent into local districts; in particular, the officials sent out annually by Karl the Great and his successors to oversee the administration of local officials, etc.; see no. 9 introduction.

notary, lower official in the department of the chancellor.

patriarch, in the west, honorary title attached to certain bishoprics, as patriarch of Aquileia; in East, bishop of highest rank, as patriarch of Constantinople.

patricius, see no. 48 introduction.

patrimony, estate or territory belonging to the pope as possession of office; Patrimony of St. Peter, land about Rome which was the basis of the states of the church.

Petrine theory, see no. 35.

pfahlburgers, phalburgii; see no. 139, sec. 10.

pontificate, papacy, period of rule of a pope.

pope, bishop of Rome and head of the church; titles: vicar of Christ, vicar of St. Peter, apostolic, universal, servant of the servants of God, etc.

præpositus, prévôt, provost, (1) member of chapter of canons, in charge of lands of the chapter; (2) a layman in charge of domain lands of a bishop; (3) the representative of great lord or king in local regions; (4) the chief of a gild, or the mayor of a city.

precarium, see introductory note to nos. 184-188.

prior, chief official under the abbot in a monastery; also ruler of a priory or small congregation of monks dependent on a monastery.

regalia, sovereign rights, or rights of the crown; see no. 83, no. 103 and introduction.

Schoeffen, scabini, originally board of judges for each hundred-court, established as a judicial reform by Karl the Great; from these develop Schoeffen of feudal domains and cities, as judges in the courts there.

Schultheiss, originally subordinate official of the count, who becomes presiding officer of lower public courts in Germany; name used also for presiding officer of court on territory of feudal lord, and in cities under jurisdiction of lord; see introductory note to section vii.

seneschal, see court officials.

senior, see no. 208, note.

serf, unfree tenant on a feudal estate, paying rent and services to the lord, bound to the soil, and subject to the jurisdiction of the lord’s officials.

simony, use of money or secular influence to secure an ecclesiastical office; generally, securing of such an office by any means other than canonical election.

solidus, a gold or silver coin, shilling, containing 12 denarii; see no. 4, I, note 2.

suffragan bishop, one who has the right of voting for his archbishop.

synod, local council of bishopric or archbishopric summoned by the prelate.

vassal, one who has promised allegiance and fidelity to a superior, from whom he holds a fief.

villa, village or community of tenants and serfs on feudal domain, corresponding to English manor; the unit of organization of feudal estates.

wergeld, compensation for manslaughter, paid to the kindred of the slain man by slayer or his kindred; see no. 1, ch. 21, note 6, and no. 4, XLI, note 1.