The Online Library of Liberty

A project of Liberty Fund, Inc.

• Preface
• List of Abbreviations
• Sources and Bibliography
• Laws and Contracts
• I: The Earliest Babylonian Laws
• II: The Code of Ammurabi
• III: Later Babylonian Law
• IV: The Social Organization of the Ancient Babylonian State
• V: Judges, Law-courts, and Legal Processes
• VI: Legal Decisions
• VII: Public Rights
• VIII: Criminal Law
• IX: The Family Organization
• X: Courtship and Marriage
• XI: Divorce and Desertion
• XII: Rights of Widows
• XIII: Obligations and Rights of Children
• XIV: The Education and Early Life of Children
• XV: Adoption
• XVI: Rights of Inheritance
• XVII: Slavery
• XVIII: Land Tenure In Babylonia
• XIX: The Army, CorvÉe, and Other Claims For Personal Service
• XX: The Functions and Organization of the Temple
• XXI: Donations and Bequests
• XXII: Sales
• XXIII: Loans and Deposits
• XXIV: Pledges and Guarantees
• XXV: Wages of Hired Laborers
• XXVI: Lease of Property
• XXVII: The Laws of Trade
• XXVIII: Partnership and Power of Attorney
• XXIX: Accounts and Business Documents
• Babylonian and Assyrian Letters
• I: Letters and Letter-writing Among the Babylonians and Assyrians
• II: The Letters of Ammurabi
• III: The Letters of Samsu-iluna and His Immediate Successors
• IV: Private Letters of the First Dynasty of Babylon
• V: Sennacherib’s Letters to His Father, Sargon
• VI: Letters From the Last Year of Shamash-shum-ukÎn
• VII: Letters Regarding Affairs In Southern Babylonia
• VIII: Letters About Elam and Southern Babylonia
• IX: Miscellaneous Assyrian Letters
• X: Letters of the Second Babylonian Empire
• Appendix
• I: The Prologue and Epilogue to the Code of Ammurabi
• Prologue to the Code of Ammurabi
• The Epilogue
• II: Chronology
• III: Weights and Measures
• I.: Weights
• II.: Measures of Capacity
• III.: Measures of Length
• IV.: Measures of Surface
• V.: Measures of Time
• IV: Bibliography of the Later Periods
• The New Babylonian Empire
• Persian Period
• Macedonian Period
• Arsacide Period

Persian Period

Cyrus.— Strassmaier published 384 texts in Babylonische Texte, Heft VII., of which , iv., pp. 253-85 gives transcriptions and translations of twenty-four, and Kohler-Peiser discussed thirty-four in Aus Babylonischen Rechtsleben, adding four new texts. In Keilschriftliche Acten-Stücke, Peiser gave two more; in Babylonische Verträge, fourteen more. Strassmaier gave two from the Liverpool Museum, in the Actes du VI. Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes, 1883. Pinches published another in Peek-Pinches, Dr. Budge another in , vii., p. 219.

Cambyses.— Strassmaier gave 441 texts in Babylonische Texte, Heft VIII.-IX., but in these no distinction is made between the reigns of Cambyses and Cyrus, Cambyses alone, Cyrus alone. , iv., pp. 260-63 gives transcription and translation of four, followed by twenty-five of Cambyses alone and fourteen of Cyrus alone. Kohler-Peiser discussed twenty-one in Aus Babylonische Rechtsleben. Peiser gave seventeen more in Babylonische Verträge from the Berlin Museum and one from the British Museum. Strassmaier gave three from the Liverpool Museum, and one in possession of Golenischeff in the Actes du VI. Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes. Pinches published one in , iv., one in Peek-Pinches. Dr. G. A. Barton published two in the American Journal of Semitic Languages, January, 1900.

Barzia.— Strassmaier published nine texts, , iv., pp. 147 ff., of which four are transcribed and translated, , iv., pp. 294-98. Peiser gave three more in Babylonische Verträge. Strassmaier published one from the Liverpool Museum in the Actes du VI. Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes, 1883.

Nebuchadrezzar III.— In , iv., pp. 298-303, three are transcribed and translated from those published above and ascribed to Nebuchadrezzar II.

Darius.— Strassmaier has published 579 texts in Babylonische Texte, Heft X.-XII., of which , iv., pp. 302-11 gives transcription and translation of nine. Kohler-Peiser discuss ninety-six in Aus Babylonischen Rechtsleben and add seven more. Pinches published six in , ii., p. 2; iv., pp. 21, 32, 41, 43, 44; and twelve in Peek-Pinches. Peiser gave fifteen in Keilschriftliche Acten-Stücke, and fifty-five in Babylonische Verträge from the Berlin Museum, twenty-four from the British Museum. Dr. G. A. Barton gave twenty-seven in American Journal of Semitic Languages, January, 1900. Strassmaier gave six from the Liverpool Museum in the Actes du VI. Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes, 1883. Dr. Budge published three in , iii., pp. 216 ff.

Shamash-erba.— Strassmaier published one text of this period in , iii., p. 157 f.

Xerxes.— Evetts published four texts, Babylonische Texte, Heft VI., , pp. 91-94; of these , iv., pp. 310-11 gives transcription and translation of one. Pinches published one, , iv., p. 34, Dr. G. A. Barton gave one in American Journal of Semitic Languages, January, 1900. Strassmaier published seven in the Actes du VIII. Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes, 1889.

Artaxerxes.— Professor Hilprecht and Dr. Clay have published 119 texts with transcriptions and translations of twelve, in the ninth volume of the series of Cuneiform Texts of the collections of the University of Philadelphia. Kotalla has given transcriptions and translations of others in , iv. Dr. Peiser gave a transcription and translation of one from his own copy, , iv., pp. 312-13. Kohler-Peiser give two more in Aus Babylonischen Rechtsleben. Dr. G. A. Barton gave four in American Journal of Semitic Languages, January, 1900. Strassmaier published nine in the Actes du VIII. Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes, 1889, and one in , iii., p. 158.