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Front Page Titles (by Subject) NOTE BY THE EDITOR ON THE TRACTS ON POOR LAWS. - The Works of Jeremy Bentham, vol. 8 (Chrestomathia, Essays on Logic and Grammar, Tracts on Poor Laws, Tracts on Spanish Affairs)
NOTE BY THE EDITOR ON THE TRACTS ON POOR LAWS. - Jeremy Bentham, The Works of Jeremy Bentham, vol. 8 (Chrestomathia, Essays on Logic and Grammar, Tracts on Poor Laws, Tracts on Spanish Affairs) [1843]Edition used:The Works of Jeremy Bentham, published under the Superintendence of his Executor, John Bowring (Edinburgh: William Tait, 1838-1843). In 11 vols. Volume 8.
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- Errata—vol. VIII.
- Chrestomathia: Being a Collection of Papers, Explanatory of the Design of an Institution, Proposed to Be Set On Foot Under the Name of the Chrestomathic Day School, Or Chrestomathic School, For the Extension of the New System of Instruction to the High
- Introduction By the Editor.
- First Preface to the First Edition.
- Second Preface to the First Edition.
- Chrestomathic (a) Instruction Tables. Table I.
- Chrestomathic Instruction Tables. Table II.
- Appendix. No. I.
- Appendix.—no. II.
- Appendix.—no. III.
- Appendix.—no. IV.: Essay On Nomenclature and Classification. *
- Appendix.—no. V.: Sources of Motion.
- Appendix.—no. VI.
- Appendix.—no. VII.
- Appendix.—no. VIII.
- Appendix No. IX.
- A Fragment On Ontology; Now First Published, From the Manuscripts of Jeremy Bentham.
- Note By the Editor.
- Introduction.
- Chapter I.: Classification of Entities.
- Chapter II.: Fictitious Entities Classified.
- Essay On Logic: Now First Published, From the Manuscripts of Jeremy Bentham.
- Note By the Editor.
- Introduction.
- Chapter I.: Logic—what ?
- Chapter II.: Logic, Its Characteristics.
- Chapter III.: Præcognita: Or, Preliminary and General Indications Concerning Logic, According to the Aristotelians.
- Chapter IV.: Of Aristotle’s Predicaments and Postpredicaments.
- Chapter V. *: Mode of Discussion.
- Chapter VI.: Relation of Logic to the Business of Human Life In General, and Therein to Arts and Sciences, I. E. to Disciplines.
- Chapter VII.: Clearness In Discourse, How to Produce It? and Hence of Exposition.
- Chapter VIII.: Of Division.
- Chapter IX.: Of Methodization, Otherwise Termed Arrangement. † ‡
- Chapter X.: Of the Art of Invention.
- Appendix.—a.: Phenomena of the Human Mind.
- Appendix B. Division of Art and Science. †
- Essay On Language; Now First Published, From the Manuscripts of Jeremy Bentham.
- Note By the Editor.
- Introduction.
- Chapter I.: Modes Or Forms of Which Discourse Or Language Has Been Found Susceptible, Viz. Audible, Visible, and Their Respective Substitutes.
- Chapter II.: Uses of Language.
- Chapter III.: Operations Which, In the Character of an Art, Are Performable In Relation to Discourse, Or Language In General.
- Chapter IV.: Properties Desirable In a Language.
- Chapter V.: Of Improvement Considered As Applicable to Language, Or the Means By Which, In So Far As the Particular Language Employed By an Individual Admits of the Possession of Them, the Properties Desirable In Language May, On Each Occasion, Be Secured
- Chapter VI.: Analytical View of the Matter of Thought and Internal Action; Correspondent View of the Matter of Language.
- Fragments On Universal Grammar; Now First Published, From the Manuscripts of Jeremy Bentham.
- Introduction.
- Chapter I.: Definitions.
- Chapter II.: Uses of Universal Grammar.
- Chapter III.: Of the Parts of Speech.
- Chapter IV.: Of the Noun-substantive.
- Chapter V.: Of the Adjective.
- Chapter VI.: Of Pronouns. *
- Chapter VII.: Of Verbs.
- Chapter VIII.: Of Government and Concord.
- Chapter IX.: Of Prepositions, Adverbs, and Conjunctions.
- Chapter X.: Of Interjections.
- Tracts On Poor Laws and Pauper Management.
- Note By the Editor On the Tracts On Poor Laws.
- Situation and Relief of the Poor.
- Observations On the Pauper Population Table Hereunto Annexed.
- Outline of the Non-adult Value Table.
- Outline of a Work Entitled Pauper Management Improved.
- Book I.: Political Arrangements.
- Book II.: Plan of Management.
- Book III.: Collateral Benefits.
- Book IV.: Pauper Comforts.
- Observations On the Poor Bill. Introduced By the Rt. Hon. William Pitt (feb, 1797). : Chapter I. Introduction
- Chapter II.: 1. Under-ability, Or Supplemental-wages Clause.
- Chapter III.: 2. Family-relief, Or Extra-children Clause.
- Chapter IV.: 3. Cow-money Clause.
- Chapter V.: 4. Relief-extension, Or Opulence-relief Clause.
- Chapter VI.: 5. Apprenticeship Clause.
- Three Tracts Relative to Spanish and Portuguese Affairs; With a Continual Eye to English Ones.
- Advertisement For Tract the First and Second; of This Second * Publication, Namely, On the Then Proposed Spanish House of Lords. ( Anno 1820.)
- Tract, No. I.: Letter to the Spanish Nation On a Then ( Anno 1820) Proposed House of Lords.
- Advertisement to Tract the Second.
- Tract, No. II.: Observations On Judge Advocate Hermosa’s Panegyric On Judicial Delays; On the Occasion of the Impunity As Yet Given By Him to the Loyal Authors of the Cadiz Massacre, a Counterpart to the Manchester Massacre; Explaining, Moreover, the Effe
- Advertisement to Tract the Third.
- Tract, No. III.: Letter to the Portuguese Nation, On Antiquated Constitutions; On the Spanish Constitution Considered As a Whole, and On Certain Defects Observable In It; In Particular, the Immutability-enacting, Or Infallibility-assuming, the Non-re-elig
- Letters to Count Toreno, On the Proposed Penal Code, Delivered In By the Legislation Committee of the Spanish Cortes, April 25th, 1821.
- Advertisement.
- Letter I.
- Letter II.: On the Course Taken By the Legislative Committee, to Prevent, Otherwise Than By Punishment Eo Nomine, the Free Examination of Their Proposed Penal Code.
- Letter III.
- Letter IV.
- Letter V.
- Letter VI.
- Letter VII.
- Supplemental Advertisement.
- Securities Against Misrule, Adapted to a Mahommedan State, and Prepared With Particular Reference to Tripoli In Barbary.
- Note By the Editor.
- Chapter I.: Preliminary Explanations.
- Chapter II.: Public Opinion the Sole Remedy—parallel Between the Public-opinion Tribunal and the Official Judicatories.
- Chapter III.: Notification and Publication In Reference to Securities.
- Chap. IV.: The Securities In Detail.
- Part I.: Securities In Favour of the Nation Considered In the Aggregate.
- Part II.: Securities In Favour of Individuals.
- Chapter V.: Hopes of Success For Any Project Having Such Securities For Its End.
NOTE BY THE EDITOR ON THE TRACTS ON POOR LAWS.
The following tracts which have all been previously printed, (though the last in order, is now for the first time published,) bear internal evidence that they are only a portion of what the author has written on the subject of the poor laws; he left behind him indeed a considerable number of unpublished MSS. on the subject, which on some future occasion may see the light. From the Annals of agriculture, it does not appear how far the queries there promulgated, from the answers to which the author intended to fill up the outline of his great work on pauper management, were responded to. In vol. xxix. of the Annals, (p. 556,) the Editor makes an earnest appeal to his readers on the subject, and expresses a hope that “the country gentlemen, and resident clergy, who can with so much ease satisfy many, if not all of his [Bentham’s] inquiries, will take the small trouble of sending him the particulars he requests for the parish at least in which they reside;” but it is probable that few of the persons able to supply the requisite information comprehended his enlightened views, and he seems not to have met with sufficient encouragement to induce him even to complete his outline.
It has been the practice of the Editor, on the occasion of the state of the law as it existed when the author wrote being animadverted on in the text, to mention in a note any changes that may have since taken place by statutory or other authority. In the present instance, however, the vastness of the alterations which have been made in the administration of the poor law, and especially in relation to the features chiefly noticed in these tracts, rendered it impossible to accomplish this object without introducing more extensive notes, than readers, who have so many other means of being acquainted with the subject, would have felt of service. The chief administration is, in the plan proposed by Bentham, in hands quite distinct from those in which it has been placed by the poor law amendment act: but the two systems agree in the principle of centralization. In the minutiæ of the plan so far as they are indicated in the ensuing outline, the reader will find many arrangements identical with those, of which the practical experiments, on which the new poor law is based, have led to the adoption; while many of the practical abuses attacked by the author, such as the system of settlement, the facilities for obtaining relief without submitting to labour, &c., have been duly acknowledged and rectified. But perhaps the most remarkable illustrations of the author’s practical segacity, are to be found in his anticipations of the civilizing benefits of such alterations as he suggests; benefits which may have then appeared as the wildest Utopianism, but which have of late been on so large a scale, practically and speedily realized. A comparison of the effects which the author expects to arise from his plans of juvenile training and apprenticeship, may be viewed as a text, of which the report on the training of pauper children presented in the year 1841 to the secretary of state by the poor law commissioners, may be considered as forming a series of practical illustrations.
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