Fictions of Law. - Jeremy Bentham, The Works of Jeremy Bentham, vol. 10 (Memoirs Part I and Correspondence) [1843]
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The Works of Jeremy Bentham, published under the Superintendence of his Executor, John Bowring (Edinburgh: William Tait, 1838-1843). 11 vols. Vol. 10.
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- Memoirs of Jeremy Bentham; Including Autobiographical Conversations and Correspondence.
- Chapter I.: Infancy and Boyhood.—1748-59.
- Chapter II.: School and College, 1754—1763. Æt. 6—15.
- Chapter III.: 1763—1770. Æt. 15—25.
- Chapter IV.: 1770—1780. Æt. 22—32.
- Sundry Memoranda of Bentham, Made In 1773-4:—
- Prejugés In Favour of Antiquity.
- Vulgar Errors—political.
- Punishment.—origin of the Vindictive Principle.
- Pensées.
- Digest of the Law Premature Before Locke and Helvetius.
- Principles of Education.
- Vicinage of a Jury.
- Bolingbroke’s Idea of a Patriot King.
- Public Virtue In the Body of the People.
- Emblem For the System of Codes—subject For a Medallion.
- Abuse and Use.—both Equally Effects.
- King Henry V. Committed By Chief-justice Gascoigne—a Subject For a Picture.
- Dic Aliquid Et Quod Tuum.
- Conduct of the Understanding In Composing.
- Pensées.
- Prejugés.—lawyers.
- Perspicuity.
- Pensées.
- Fictions of Law.
- Terms Familiar Falsely Supposed to Be Understood.
- Terræ Filius.
- Pensées.
- Subjects For Premiums.
- Title For a Book.
- Education.
- Bentham to His Father.
- Revenus Prosecutions.
- Employment For Pauper Manufacturers.
- Law—an Affair of Pain and Pleasure.
- Truth—in Books.
- Chapter V.: 1781.— Æt. 33.
- Lord Shelburne to Bentham.
- Bentham to George Wilson. *
- Bentham to His Father.
- Bentham to George Wilson.
- Bentham to His Father.
- Bentham to Geo. Wilson.
- Bentham to Lord Shelburne.
- Chapter VI.: 1781—1785. Æt. 33—37.
- Bentham to Lord Shelburne.
- Bentham to Dr Anderson.
- Bentham to Mr Stewart. *
- Francis Villion to Bentham.
- Francis Villion to Bentham.
- James Trail to Bentham.
- George Wilson to Bentham.
- Dr Swediaur to Bentham.
- James Trail to Bentham.
- James Trail to Bentham.
- Dr Symonds to Bentham.
- Bentham to Joseph Townsend.
- Joseph Townsend to Bentham.
- Blackstone.
- Rotten Boroughs.
- Principle of Utility.
- Apostrophica Ad Orthodoxos De Principiis.
- Elogia—locke, Priestley, Beccaria, Johnson.
- Philip and the Athenians Are the Ministry and the Legislators.
- Mansplitting.
- Montesquieu.
- Jury.
- Subscription to Articles of Faith.
- Logic.
- Public Spirit.
- Moral Sanction.
- Apologetica Recapitulatoria.
- Religious Sanction.
- Belief.
- Temper Popular—experire.
- Commonplace Morality.
- Chapter VII.: 1785—1787. Æt. 37—39.
- Lord Lansdowne to Bentham.
- Bentham to Lord Lansdowne.
- Chamberlain Clark to Bentham.
- George Wilson to Bentham.
- Bentham to George Wilson.
- George Wilson to Bentham.
- Bentham to George Wilson.
- “proposed Dedication.
- “ Premium.
- Bentham to Farr Abbott.
- Chapter VIII.: 1787—1789. Æt. 39—41.
- Bentham to His Brother.
- Lord Lansdowne to Bentham.
- Brissot to Bentham.
- George Wilson to Bentham.
- Romilly to Bentham.
- Lord Lansdowne to Bentham.
- Bentham to Lord Wycomber.
- Bentham to the Abbé Morellet.
- George Wilson to Bentham.
- Letters of Anti-machiavel to the Public Advertiser.
- Chapter IX.: 1789—1791. Æt. 41—43.
- Bentham to George Wilson.
- Bentham to George Wilson.
- Bentham to His Brother.
- Dumont to Bentham.
- The Portrait of Jeremy Bentham, Esq. of Lincoln’s Inn.
- Bentham to Brissot.
- Bentham to Lord Lansdowne. *
- Lord Lansdowne to Bentham.
- Bentham to Lord Lansdowne.
- Dr Richard Price to Bentham.
- Bentham to George Wilson.
- Chapter X.: 1791—1792. Æt. 43—44.
- Sir Reginald Polr Carew to Bentham.
- Bentham to His Brother.
- Dr Anderson to Bentham.
- Bentham to Lord Lansdowne.
- Bentham to Lord Lansdowne.
- Pole Carew to Bentham.
- Bentham to George III.
- Lord Lansdowne to Bentham.
- Bentham to His Brother.
- Romilly to Bentham.
- Benjamin Vaughan to Bentham.
- Bentham to J. P. Garran.
- J. P. Garran to Bentham.
- “ National Assembly.—the Law and the King.
- Bentham to Miss V—.
- Benthem to Brissot.
- Chapter XI.: 1792-1795. Æt. 44—47.
- Bentham to Lord Lansdowne.
- “law Conferring On Several Foreigners the Title of French Citizen.
- “jeremy Bentham to the Minister of the Interior of the French Republic—respect,
- M. Delessert to Bentham.
- Dumont to Bentham.
- Beaumetz to Bentham.
- Bentham to Mr Law.
- Mr Law to Bentham.
- Bentham to Dr Anderson.
- Bentham to Thomas Law.
- Thomas Law to Bentham.
- Bentham to Mr Dundas.
- Thomas Law to Bentham.
- Bentham to His Brother.
- Bentham to Mr Dundas.
- Benjamin Vaughan to Bentham.
- Romilly to Bentham.
- Bentham to Philip Metcalf.
- James Trail to Bentham.
- Bentham to Philip Metcalf.
- Bentham to Arthur Young.
- Bentham to Charles Long.
- James Trail to Bentham.
- Bentham to Lord St Helens.
- Bentham to Lord Lansdowne.
- Chapter XII.: 1795—1799. Æt. 47—51.
- Lord Wycombe to Bentham.
- Bentham to the Duke De Liancourt. (boston, U. S.)
- Bentham to Lord Lansdowne.
- Bentham to William Wilberforce.
- William Wilberforce to Bentham.
- Lord St Helens to Bentham.
- Bentham to Lord St Helens.
- Observations On the Treason Bill; †
- The Generous Friend—a Lincoln’s Inn Tale.
- The Moral.
- Bentham to Pole Carew.
- Pole Carew to Bentham.
- Bentham to Charles Abbot. †
- W. Wickham to Charles Abbot.
- Bentham to Charles Abbot.
- Charles Abbot to Bentham.
- Bentham to George Rose.
- Bentham to William Wilberforce.
- Bentham to Charles Abbot.
- Bentham to P. Colquhoun.
- Bentham to Sir Francis Baring.
- Bentham to Sir Francis Baring.
- Sir Francis Baring to Bentham.
- Chapter XIII.: 1800—1801. Æt. 51—53.
- Peter Roget * to Bentham.
- Bentham to Speaker Addington.
- Charles Abbot to Bentham.
- Bentham to Charles Abbot.
- Bentham to W. Morton Pitt.
- Bentham to Dr Roget.
- Dr Roget to Bentham.
- Bentham to Charles Abbot.
- Hints Relative to the Population Bill. * to Charles Abbot, Esq., M.P.
- Bentham to Patrick Colquhoun.
- Patrick Colquhoun to Bentham.
- Bentham to George Rose.
- George Rose to Bentham.
- Bentham to George Rose.
- Bentham to Henry James Pye.
- Bentham to Lord St Helens.
- Bentham to Nicholas Vansittart.
- Bentham to Nicholas Vansittart.
- Nicholas Vansittart to Bentham.
- Objections to the Annuity-note Plan, With Answers.
- Bentham to Nicholas Vansittart.
- Bentham to Arthur Young.
- Answer to Mr Bentham’s Queries For England.
- Bentham to Arthur Young.
- Bentham to Nicholas Vansittart.
- Bentham to Dumont.
- Chapter XIV.: 1801—2. Æt. 53—4.
- Bentham to Dr Robert Watts.
- Dumont to Bentham. (translation.)
- Bentham to Dumont.
- Dumont to Bentham. (translation.)
- Bentham to Dumont.
- Bentham to Sir William Pulteney.
- Sir William Pulteney to Bentham.
- Dumont to Bentham. (translation.)
- Bentham to George Wilson.
- Bentham to Dumont.
- William Wilberforce to Bentham.
- Sir Frederick Morton Eden to Bentham.
- Bentham to Sir F. M. Eden.
- Sir F. M. Eden to Bentham.
- Bentham to Dumont.
- Romilly to Bentham.
- Bentham to Sir Thomas Trowbridge.
- Bentham to David Collins. *
- Chapter XV.: 1803—7. Æt. 54—59.
- Bentham to Dumont.
- Romilly to Bentham.
- Dr Samuel Parr to Bentham.
- Bentham to J. Mulford. *
- Dr Parr to Bentham.
- Dumont In Petersburg.
- Dumont to Romilly.
- Dr Parr to Bentham.
- Bentham to Dr Parr.
- Bentham to Dumont.
- Bentham to Sir R. P. Carew.
- Bentham to J. Mulford.
- Dr Parr to Bentham.
- Rev. John North to Bentham.
- Dr Parr to Bentham.
- Dr Parr to Bentham.
- Romilly to Bentham.
- General Sabloukoff to Bentham.
- Romilly to Bentham.
- Mr William Hutton * to Bentham.
- Bentham to Sir Samuel Romilly. On the Reform of the Judicatures In Scotland.
- Bentham to Mr Mulford.
- Chapter XVI.: 1807—1810. Æt. 59—62.
- Dumont to Bentham. (translation.)
- Bentham to Sir Jas. Mackintosh, (1808.)
- Bentham to Lord St Helens.
- Lord St Helens to Bentham.
- Mr Whishaw to Bentham.
- Sir Samuel Romilly to Bentham.
- Colonel Burr.
- Dumont to Bentham.
- Dumont to Bentham.
- Col. Aaron Burr to Bentham.
- Colonel Burr to Bentham.
- Dumont to Bentham.
- Bentham to Lord Holland.
- Bentham to J. Mulford.
- Francis Horner to Bentham.
- Lord Holland to Bentham.
- Don Gaspar M. De Jovellanos to Bentham.
- Lord Holland to Bentham.
- James Mill to Bentham.
- Sir Samuel Romilly to Bentham.
- James Mill to Bentham.
- Dumont to Bentham. (translation.)
- Colonel Burr to Bentham.
- James Mill to Bentham.
- Bentham to James Mill.
- James Mill to Bentham.
- James Mill to Bentham.
- Bentham to J. Mulford.
- Dumont to Bentham. (translation.)
- Chapter XVII.: 1810—1813. Æt. 62—65.
- Blanco White to Bentham
- Bentham to Blanco White.
- Bentham to Mr Mulford.
- Bentham to Cobbett.
- Dumont to Bentham. (translation.)
- The Rev. R. B. Nickolis to Bentham.
- Bentham to Sir Francis Burdett.
- Brougham to Mill.
- Dumont to Bentham. (translation.)
- Major Cartwright to Bentham.
- Bentham to Major Cartwright.
- Major Cartwright to Bentham.
- Colonel Burr to Bentham.
- Dumont to Bentham. (translation.)
- Lord Holland to Bentham.
- James Mill to Bentham.
- Bentham to Lord Sidmouth.
- Bentham to Mr Mulford.
- James Mill to Bentham.
- Mr Sugden * to Bentham.
- Bentham to Mr Mulford.
- Lieut. Blaquiere to Bentham.
- Sir James Mackintosh to Bentham.
- Chapter XVIII.: 1813—17. Æt. 65—69.
- Lord Holland to Bentham.
- Bentham to Lord Holland.
- Bentham to Admiral Tchitchagoff.
- James Mill to Bentham.
- Bentham to Mr Koe.
- Bentham to Mr Koe.
- Admiral Tchitchagoff to Bentham.
- Jean Baptiste Say to Bentham. (translation.)
- Joseph Jekyll to Bentham.
- Madame Gautier to Bentham.
- Admiral Tchitchagoff to Bentham.
- Dumont to Bentham.
- Chapter XIX.: 1817—1819. Æt. 69—71.
- Bentham to Sir Francis Burdett.
- Sir Francis Burdett to Bentham.
- Bentham to Sir Francis Burdett.
- Bentham to Ricardo.
- Francis W. Gilmer to Bentham.
- J. B. Say to Bentham. (translation.)
- “ Proposal
- I.: Results.
- II.: Course and Plan of Instruction, In the Cases of Adults.
- Governor Plumer to Bentham.
- J. B. Say to Bentham. (translation.)
- Bentham to Mr Thompson.
- Major Cartwright to Bentham.
- Bentham to Sir Francis Burdett.
- Notes Made By Bentham In His Memorandum-book, 1818-19.
- Chapter XX.: 1820—23. Æt. 72—75.
- Bentham to Richard Rush.
- Richard Rush to Bentham.
- Bentham to Rivadavia.
- Bentham to Blaquiere.
- Notes In Bentham’s Memorandum-book. 1820.
- The Book of Fallacies. Titles of Books, Parts, and Chapters.
- Book I.—: Fallacies of the Ins.
- Book II.—: Fallacies of the Ins.
- Book III.—: Eitherside Fallacies.
- Book IV.—: Fallacies of the Outs.
- Major Cartwright to Bentham.
- Major Cartwright to Bentham.
- Bentham to Major Cartwright.
- Bentham to J. C. Hobhouse.
- Dumont to Bentham. (translation.)
- Bentham to Cartwright.
- J. B. Say to Bentham. (translation.)
- Frances Wright to Bentham.
- Bentham to Richard Carlisle.
- John Bowring to Bentham.
- Notes In Bentham’s Memorandum-book, 1821.
- Bentham to Henry Brougham.
- Bentham to Richard Rush.
- Bentham to His Brother, Sir Samuel.
- Bentham to Dr Parr.
- Dr Parr to Bentham.
- Major Cartwright to Bentham.
- Dr Parr to Bentham.
- Extracts of a Letter From Bentham to the Greeks.
- Chapter XXI.: 1823—27. Æt. 75-79.
- Bentham to W. E. Lawrence.
- Bentham to Mordvinoff.
- Sir Francis Burdett to Bentham.
- Bentham to Sir Francis Burdett.
- J. B. to the Catholic Association.
- From Bentham’s Memoranda, 1824.
- Bentham to Joseph Parkes.
- “ Supposed Sacrifice of Power By George the Third—supposed Independence of the Judges.
- To the Editor of the Morning Chronicle.
- Bentham to Sir F. Burdett.
- Sir F. Burdett to Bentham.
- Bentham to Burdett.
- Bentham to Dumont.
- Bentham to J. Quincy Adams.
- Mr Plumer to Bentham.
- José Del Valle to Bentham. (translation.)
- Rev. Sydney Smith to Bentham.
- Logic.—j. B.’s Logical Arrangements, Employed As Instruments In Legislation; and Locutions, Employed As Instruments In the Field of Thought and Action.
- Aphorisms Comprehensive and Concise. Instruments of Intellectual Agency.
- Aphorisms Comprehensive and Concise.
- Chapter XXII.: 1827—28. Æt. 79—80.
- John Neal to Bentham.
- Brougham to Bentham.
- Bentham to Brougham.
- Brougham to Bentham.
- Bentham to Brougham.
- Bentham to Col. Young.
- Bentham to the King of Bavaria.
- The King of Bavaria to Bentham.
- Memorandum, 1827.
- On Brougham’s Law Reform.
- Bentham to Rammohun Roy.
- Bentham to Sir F. Burdett.
- “ Address, Proposing a Plan For Uniting the Catholics and Dissenters For the Furtherance of Religious Liberty.
- Bentham to Daniel O’connell.
- Daniel O’connell to Bentham.
- Bentham to Daniel O’connell.
- Bentham to Daniel O’connell.
- Daniel O’connell to Bentham.
- Bentham to Daniel O’connell.
- Daniel O’connell to Bentham.
- Bentham to Daniel O’connell.
- Bentham to Chamberlain Clark.
Fictions of Law.
“Fictions are mighty pretty things. Locke admires them; the author of the Commentaries adores them; most lawyers are, even yet, well pleased with them: with what reason let us see.
“What is a fiction? A falsehood; but in this there is nothing to distinguish the peculiarity of its nature.—By whom invented? By judges.—On what occasion? On the occasion of their pronouncing a judicial decision.—For what purpose? One may conceive two—either that of doing in a roundabout way what they might do in a direct way, or that of doing in a roundabout way what they had no right to do in any way at all.
“The natural effect of praising a thing which has been done once, is, that it shall be done again; that those in whose way it lies to do it, shall do it; that those in whose way it lies to see it done, shall wish to see it; at least that they shall be content to see it done.
Arrest for debt in the first instance is lawful; certainly at this time of day, it is useful. I believe it. For all this the first judge who had the effrontery to remand a debtor brought before him on pretence of a criminal charge, whereas there was no criminal charge, should have gone to gaol himself, and not the debtor.
“Fictions are mighty pretty things, and like other pretty things, not the less esteemed, I suppose, because the manufactory of them is broken up. The manufactory of them is certainly broken up; and its greatest admirers would look, I trust, once and again before they attempted to revive it.
“Perhaps if pressed they might be brought to acknowledge that nothing in the shape of fiction would deserve, any more than it would meet, with approbation at this time of day: ’tis a pity but they had said as much of them of their own accord.”
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