The Online Library of Liberty

A project of Liberty Fund, Inc.

• Samuel Clarke Discourse Upon Natural Religion
• John Balguy the Foundation of Moral Goodness
• Richard Price: a Review of the Principal Questions In Morals
• Appendix
• John Balguy the Foundation of Moral Goodness, Part Ii
• John Brown On the Motives to Virtue
• John Clarke (of Hull) the Foundation of Morality In Theory and Practice Considered
• Ralph Cudworth a Treatise Concerning Eternal and Immutable Morality
• John Gay Concerning the Fundamental Principle of Virtue Or Morality
• Thomas Hobbes Leviathan
• Thomas Hobbes of Human Nature
• Henry Home, Lord Kames Essays On the Principles of Morality and Natural Religion
• John Locke an Essay Concerning Human Understanding
• Bernard De Mandeville an Enquiry Into the Origin of Moral Virtue
• William Paley the Principles of Moral and Political Philosophy
• William Wollaston the Religion of Nature Delineated
• Bibliographical Note of Some British Writers

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE OF SOME BRITISH WRITERS

Adams, William, D.D., 1706-1789, Master of Pembroke College, Oxford, 1775, and Archdeacon of Llandaff.

The Nature and Obligation of Virtue. A Sermon, &c., with an Appendix. Lond. 1754, 8vo.

Anon.

(1) An Essay towards demonstrating the immateriality and free agency of the Soul (in answer to S. Strutt and Antony Collins). Lond. 1740, 8vo; 1760, 8vo. (Brit. Mus. 698, f. 6 (3))

(2) A vindication of mankind, or free-will asserted (in answer to Antony collins). 1717, 8vo. (Brit. Mus. 4371, df. 5 (2).)

(3) ‘Wisdom the first spring of action in the Deity.’ Lond. 1734, 8vo. (Brit. Mus. 4224, cc. 17.)

Balguy, John, M.A., 1686-1748, Vicar of Northallerton.

(1) A letter to a Deist concerning the beauty of Moral Virtue, &c. 1726.

(2) The foundation of Moral Goodness. 1728.

(3) The second part of the foundation of Moral Goodness. 1729.

(1) (2) (3) Tracts Moral and Theological. Lond 1734, 8vo

Bentham, Jeremy, 1748-1832.

(1) Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislations first printed, 1780; ed. I, 1789.

(2) Deontology, or the Science of Morality, ed. Bowring, 1834.

Berkeley, George, D D., 1684-1753, Bishop of Cloyne.

(1) A Treatise concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge. Dublin, 1710, 8vo, part i. only; Lond. 1734, 8vo.

(2) Passive Obedience. Ed. 1 and 2, Lond, 1712, 8vo, ed. 3, 1713.

(3) Alciphron, or the Minute Philosopher ed. 1 and 2, Dublin, 1732, 8vo, ed. 3, 1752.

Blackmore, Sir Richard, M.D., d. 1729.

(1) Essays on several subjects (including essays on False Virtue and on the Laws of Nature). Lond. 1716, 8vo; ed. 2, 1717.

(2) Natural Theology, or Moral duties considered apart from positive. Lond. 1729, 8vo.

Blount, Charles, 1654-1693.

Oracles of Reason. 1693; 1695.

Bluett, T.

(1) An Enquiry whether a general practice of Virtue tends … to the benefit or disadvantage of a people, &c. Lond. 1725, 8vo

(2) [Anon.] The true meaning of the Fable of the Bees (being a reply to the above). 1726, 8vo. (Brit. Mus. 1028, c. 6 (2).)

Bott, Thomas (Philanthropus), 1688-1754, Rector of Spixworth and Edgefield.

(1) Remarks upon Dr. Butler's sixth chapter of the Analogy … and also upon the Dissertation of the Nature of Virtue. Lond. 1737, 8vo.

(2) [Anon.] A defence of Mr. Wollaston's notion of Moral Good and Evil, in answer to a letter, &c. [by T.B.]. 1725, 4to. (Brit. Mus. 480, c. 21(2).)

Brown, John, M.A., 1715-1766, Vicar of St. Nicholas, Newcastle. Essays on the Characteristics. 1751, ed. 5, 1764.

Bryant, Jacob, M.A., 1715-1804, Fellow of King's College, Cambridge. An address to Dr. Priestley upon his doctrine of Philosophical Liberty Illustrated. Lond. 1780, 8vo. (See Priestley.)

Butler, Joseph, D.D, 1692-1752, Bishop of Durham.

(1) Fifteen Sermons, &c. Lond. 1726, 8vo; ed.2, 1729; ed. 3, 1736; ed. 4, 1749.

(2) Analogy of Religion, including Dissertation upon Virtue. Lond. 1736, 4to; Dublin, 1736, 8vo; ed 2, Lond. 1736, 8vo; ed. 7, Aberdeen, 1775.

Campbell, Archibald, D.D., 1691-1756, Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History at St. Andrews.

Ἀρετὴ Γογία, An Enquiry into the original of Moral Virtue, &c., first published as by A. Innes. 1728, 8vo. Republished as by Campbell, 1733.

Chubb, Thomas, 1679-1747.

(1) A Discourse concerning Reason, &c. Lond. 1731, 8vo.

(2) (2) The ground and foundation of Morality considered, wherein is shown that disinterested benevolence is a proper and worthy principle of action to intelligent beings (with Remarks on Dr. Rutherford's Essay on Morality). Lond. 1745, 8vo.

Clarke, John, M.A., 1687-1734, Master of the Grammar School at Hull and Gloucester.

(1) Examination of the notion of Moral Good and Evil advanced, &c., in ‘The Religion of Nature delineated.’ Lond. 1725, 8vo.

(2) The foundation of Morality in theory and practice considered in an examination of Dr. S. Clarke's opinion, &c., as also of … an ‘Inquiry into the original of our ideas of Beauty and Virtue? York, no date (?1730), 8vo.

(3) An examination of what has been aavancea relating to Moral Obligation in a late pamphlet entitled ‘A Defence of the Answer to the Remarks upon Dr. Clarke's exposition of the Church Catechism.’ (Bodlelan Library.) Lond. 1730.

(4) [Anon.] A letter to Mr John Clarke … wherein is showed that he hath treated the learned Dr. Clarke very unfairly. Lond. 1727. (Brit. Mus. 698, e. 8 (5))

Clarke, Samuel, D.D., 1675-1729, Rector of St. James’, Westminster.

(1) Demonstration of the being and attributes of God, being the substance of eight sermons preached at St. Paul's in of God, 1704 at the Boyle Lectures. 1705; ed. 2, 1706.

(2) Discourse concerning the unchangeable obligations of Natural Religion, being eight sermons preached at St. Paul's in the year 1705 at the Boyle Lectures. 1706; ed. 4. 1716.

(5) A collection of papers which passed between Dr. Clarke and Mr. Leibnitz, &c. (including correspondence with R. Bulkley and remarks on A. Collins) 1717; in French, Amst. 1720.

(4) Works, with Life by Bp. Benj. Hoadley. 4 vols. fol., 1758.

Cockburn, Mrs. Catharine (née Trotter), 1679-1749.

(1) A Defence of the Essay of Human Understanding. 1702, 8vo.

(2) Remarks upon some writers … concerning the foundations of Moral Duty, 1743.

(3) Remarks upon … Dr. Rutherforth's essay … in vindication of the principles of Dr. Samuel Clarke (with preface by W. Warburton). Lond. 1747, 8vo.

(4) Collected Works (with Life). 2 vols. Lond 1751.

Collins, Antony, 1676-1729.

(1) A Philosophical Enquiry concerning human Liberty and Necessity. 1715; corrected 1717, 8vo; republished by J. Priestly, Birmingham, 1790, 8vo.

(2) A Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity. 1729, 8vo. (See S. Clarke, Jackson, Anon.)

Cudworth, Ralph, D.D., 1617-1688.

(1) The True Intellectual system of the Universe. Lond. 1678, fol.

(2) A Treatise concerning Eternal and Immutable Morality. Lond. 1731, 8vo.

(3) A Treatise of Free-will; ed. J. Allen. 1838.

Cumberland, Richard, DD., 1632-1718, Bishop of Peterborough.

(1) De Legibus Naturae disquisitio philosophica. Lond. 1672, fol.; ed. 3, Lubeck, 1694.

(2) A Treatise of the Laws of Nature made English from the Latin by J. Maxwell (with introduction and appendices by the Translator). Load. 1727, 4to.

(3) Another translation with notes and appendix by J. Towers Dublin, 1750, 4to.

(Translated into French by Barbeyrac. Amst. 1744, 4to; Lieden, 1757, 4to.)

Dawes, Manasseh, d. 1829, of the Inner Temple, Barrister at Law.

Philosophical considerations on a Free Inquiry into the Merits of a controversy between Dr. Priestley and Dr. Price (with an Introductory Essay). Lond. 1780, 8vo

Dennis, John, M.A.

Vice and Luxury, or Remarks on … the ‘Fable of the Bees.’ Lond. 1724, 8vo.

[Edwards, Jonathan the elder, M.A., President of the College of New Jersey.

(1) A careful and strict enquiry into the notion of that freedom and will which is supposed to be essential to moral agency. Boston, N. E., 1754, 8vo; Lond. 1762, 8vo.

(2) Two Dissertations, (1) Concerning the end for which God created the world; (a) The Nature of True Virtue. Boston, Mass., 1765, 8vo; Edinb. 1788, 12mo.

(3) Remarks on the Essays on the Principles of Morality and Natural Religion (by H. Home, Lord Kames), Ed. 3, Lond. 1768, 8vo.]

[Esprit, Jacques.

(1) The falsehood of Human Virtue. A Moral Essay done out of the French (‘La fausseté des Vertus humaines’). [Anon] Lond. 1691, 8vo.

(2) Discourses on the deceitfulness of Human Virtues; done out of French by W. Beauvoir. Lond. 1706, 8vo.]

Ferguson, Adam, LL.D., 1724-1816; Professor of Moral Philosophy at Edinburgh, 1764-1785.

(1) Institutes of Moral Philosophy. Edinb. 1772; ed. 2, 1773; ed. 3, enlarged, 1785. New ed., Basil, 1800, 8vo. German translation by Garve, Leipzig, 1772.

(2) Principles of Moral and Political Science. Edinb. 1792, 2 vols., 4to.

Fiddes, Richard, 1671-1725, Rector of Halsham.

A general treatise of Morality formed upon the principles of Natural Reason only. Lond. 1724, 8vo.

Fisher, Joseph, Vicar of Drax.

A Review of the Doctrine of Philosophical Necessity … wherein is clearly shown that man is endowed with a power of self-determination and free agency. Lond. 1779, 8vo.

Forster, Joseph, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Queens’ College, Cambridge.

Two Essays; the one on the Origin of Evil … the other on the Foundation of Morality. Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1734, 8vo.

Gay, John, M.A., Fellow of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge.

(1) Dissertation concerning the Fundamental principle of Virtue on Morality (prefixed to Edmund Law's translation of Archbishop King's ‘Essay on the Origin of Evil’). 1731.

(2) Preface to Edmund Law's Enquiry into the Idea of Space, Time, &c. 1734.

Gisborne, Thomas, M.A., Curate of Barton-under-Needwood, Prebendary of Durham.

The Principles of Moral Philosophy … together with remarks on the principle assumed by Mr. Paley, &c. Lond. 1789, 8vo; also 1795, 1798.

Glover, Philip, of Wispington, Lincolnshire.

(1) A discourse concerning Virtue, &c. 1732, 8vo.

(2) Inquiry concerning Virtue, and Happiness, with preface by Charles Plumptre; written in 1728, published in 1751.

Harris, James, 1709-1780 (author of Hermes).

Three Treatises … the third concerning Happiness. Lond. 1744, 8vo; ed. 2, 1765; ed. 3, 1772; ed. 5, 1792.

Hartley, David, M.A., 1705-1757, Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge.

(1) Enquiry into the origin of the human appetites and affections. Lincoln, 1747, 1758.

(2) Observations on Man. Loud. 1749, 8vo; ed. 2, 1791, 4to, with notes, &c 1801.

(See also Priestley.)

Hibernicusv.Hutcheson (art. 3).

Hobbes, Thomas, of Malmesbury, 1588-1679.

(1) Human Nature. Lond. 1650, 12mo; ed. 2, 1651.

(2) Leviathan, or the Matter, Form and Power of a Commonwealth. Lond. 1651, fol.

Home, Henry, v.Kames, Lord.

Hume, David, 1711-1776.

(1) A Treatise of Human Nature. Lond. 1739-1740, 3 vols, 8vo.

(2) Enquiries concerning Human Understanding and the Principles of Morals. 1748-1751, Loud., 8vo.

Hutcheson, Francis, LL.D., 1694-1746; Professor of Moral Philosophy at Glasgow, 1729-1746.

(1) Inquiry into the original of our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue. Lond. 1725, 8vo; ed. 2, 1726; ed. 3, 1729; ed. 5, 1753, translated into German, Frankfurt, 1762, 8vo.

(2) Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Illustrations upon the Moral Sense. 1728; ed. 3, 1742

(3) Reflections upon Laughter and Remarks on the Fable of the Bees in Hibernicus Letters, 1725-7; ed. 2, 1734; separately, 1750, 1758.

(4) Letters between the late Mr. G. Burnet and Mr. Hutchinson 1735 (formerly published in the ‘London Journal’).

(3) and (4) Letters concerning the Foundation of Virtue. Collected Edn. 1772

(5) Philosophiae Moralis Institutio, &c. 1742, 1755, 1787.

(6) Metaphysicae Synopsis, &c. 1742, 1772, Strasburg.

(7) De Naturali hominum socialitate. 1756.

(8) A System of Moral Philosophy, with Life by Leechman. 1755.

(9) A short Introduction to Moral Philosophy. 1747, 1764.

(10) Logic. 1764, 1772, Strasburg. See also Taylor, Philaretus

Hydaspes, v.Coventry, H.

Innes, Alexander, D.D., v. Campbell, A.

Jackson, John, B.A., 1686-1763, Master of Wigston's Hospital and Prebendary of Wherwell.

A defence of Human Liberty, &c. (in answer to Antony Collins). Lond. 1730, 8v0.

Johnson, Thomas, M A, d. 1737, of Stadhampton, Fellow of Magdalene College, Thomas, Cambridge (editor of Puffendorff's De Officio, 1737).

An Essay on moral obligation with a view towards settling the controversy concerning moral and positive duties. Anon. Cambridge, 1731, 8vo.

Kames, Henry Home, Lord, 1696-1782.

Essays on the principles of Morality and Natural Religion. 1751, 8vo; ed 2, 1758; translated into German, Brunswick, 1768, 8vo. (See Edwards, J.)

King, William, D.D., 1650-1729, Archbishop of Dublin.

(1) De origine Mali. 1702-4.

(2) Ditto, translated by Edmund Law, with preliminary dissertation by John Gay. 1731, 4to; ed. 2, 1732; other editions, 1738, 1758, 1781.

Law, Edmund, 1703-1787, Bishop of Carlisle.

Essays prefixed to his translation of Archbishop King's De origine Mali’ 1731

Law, William, M. A, 1686-1761, Fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge. Remarks on the Fable of the Bees. Lond. 1724, 8vo. Ed. 3, 1726. New Ed, with preface by Maunce, Cambr., 1844.

Locke, John, 1632-1704.

Essay concerning Human Understanding. 1690; ed. 2, 1694; ed. 3, 1695; ed. 4, 1700.

Lowde, James, Rector of Settington

(1). Discourse concerning the Nature of Man. Lond. 1694, 8vo (including an examination of Hobbes’ opinions).

(2) Moral Essays; wherein some of Mr. Lock's and Mons. Mal. branch's opinions are briefly examined. Lond. 1699, 12mo.

Lucas, Richard, D.D., 1648-1715, Prebendary of Westminster.

An Enquiry after Happiness. 1685, 8vo; ed. 3, 1697; ed. 4, 1704; ed. 8, 1754; ed 10, 1764.

Mandeville, Bernard, 1670-1733.

(1) The grumbling Hive, or Knaves turned honest, first printed 169-(?). ed. 1, 1705, 4to (Brit. Mus. 1621, h. 1 (142)).

(2) The Fable of the Bees, or Private vices publick benefits. Containing several discourses to demonstrate that human frailties. … may be turned to the advantage of the civil society 12mo, 1714.

(3) Ditto, second edition, with … additions. As also an Essay on Charity and Charity Schools; and A search into the Nature of Society. 8vo, 1723.

(4) Ditto, third edition … to which is added a vindication, &c. 8vo, 1724; ed. 5, 1728.

(5) A letter to Dion occasioned by his late book called ‘Alciphron,’ by the author of the Fable of the Bees. Lond. 1732, 8vo.

See also Anon., Bluett, Campbell, Dennis, Fiddes. Innes, Law, Thorold.

Maxwell, John, Prebendary of Connor.

Dissertation on the law of Nature, printed as an appendix to his translation of Cumberland's ‘De Legibus Naturae.’ 1727.

Morgan, Thomas, M.D., d. 1743.

Physico-Theology. Lond. 1741, 8vo.

Paley, William, D.D., 1743-1805, Archdeacon of Carlisle.

The Principles of Moral and Political Philosophy, ed. 1, 1785; ed. 2, 1786; ed. 5, 1788; ed. 7, 1790; ed. 8, 1791-4; ed. 12, 1799.

Price, Richard, D.D, F.R.S., 1723-1791.

(1) Review of the principal questions, &c, in Morals. Lond. 1758, 8vo; ed. 2, corrected, 1769; ed. 3, enlarged, 1787.

(2) A Free Discussion of the Doctrines of Materialism and Philosophical Necessity (in correspondence with Dr. Priestley). Lond. 1778-80.

Priestley, Joseph, LL.D., F R.S., 1733-1804.

(1) Hartley's Theory of the Human Mind on the Principle of Association of Ideas. Lond. 1775, 8vo; ed. 2, Lond. 1790, 8vo.

(2) Disquisitions relating to Matter and Spirit. Ed. 2, Brim. 1782.

(3) The Doctrine of Philosophical Necessity Illustrated. Lond. 1777, 8vo. Ed. 2, enlarged, Birm. 1782, 8vo.

(4) A Free Discussion of the Doctrines of Materialism and Philosophical Necessity in a correspondence between Dr. Price and Dr. Priestley (with an Introduction by Dr. Priestley and Letters to several writers). Lond. 1778.

(5) A Letter to Jacob Bryant, Esq., in defence of Philosophical Necessity. Lond. 1780, 8vo.

(6) An Examination of Dr. Reid's Enquiry into the Human Mind. Ed. 2, Lond. (See Bryant, J., Fisher, J., Price, R.)

Reid, Thomas, D.D., 1710-1796; Professor of Moral Philosophy at Glasgow, 1764.

(1) An Essay on quantity on occasion of reading a treatise [by Hutcheson] in which … ratios are applied to virtue and ment Philosoph. Trans., 1748.

(2) An Enquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense. Edmb. 1764, 8vo; ed. 4, Lond. 1785; Works, Edmb. 1846-63, 8vo.

(3) Essays on the Active Powers of Man. Edmb. 1788, 4to

Rutherforth, Thomas, B.D., F R.S., 1712-1771, Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge.

Essay on the Nature and Obligations of Virtue. Camb. 1744, 4to. See Warburton, Cockburn, Chubb.

Shaftesbuky, Anthony Ashley Cooper, Earl of, 1671-1713.

(1) The Moralists, or the Philosophical Rhapsody. 1709.

(2) Enquiry concerning Virtue, in two discourses. 1699, 8vo.

(1) and (2) reprinted in Characteristicks, &c., vol. ii., Lond. 1711, 8vo; ed. 2, 1714; 3, 1723; ed. 4, 1727; ed. 5, 1732; ed. 6, 1737; translated into French 1745, 8vo; translated into German, Leipzig, 1768, 8vo

Smith, Adam, LL.D., F.R.S., 1723-1790, Professor of Moral Philosophy at Glasgow.

Theory of the Moral Sentiments. 1759; ed. 2, 1761; ed. 6, 1790.

Taylor, John, D.D. (Presbyterian Minister), of Norwich.

(1) Examination of the Scheme of Morality advanced by Dr. Hutcheson. 1759, 8vo.

(2) A Sketch of Moral Philosophy, or An essay to demonstrate the principles of Virtue and Religion upon a new, natural and easy plan. Loud. 1760, 8vo.

Thorold, Sir John, Bart.

A short examination of a book intituled ‘The Fable of the Bees’ 1726, 8vo.

Tucker, Abraham, 1705-1774.

Light of Nature. Lond. 1768-1777, 8vo; ed. 2, Loud. 1805, 8vo.

Free will, Free knowledge and Fate; a fragment. Lond. 1763, 8vo.

Turnbull, George, LL D.

The Principles of Moral Philosophy. Lond. 1740, 8vo.

Tyrrell, Sir James, 1642-1718.

A brief disquisition of the Law of Nature (with a confutation of Hobbes). Lond. 1692, 8vo; ed 2, 1701, 8vo.

Warburton, W., D.D., 1698-1779, Bishop of Gloucester.

Remarks upon the principles of … Dr. Rutherforth's Essay, &c. 1747, 8vo.

Wollaston, William, D.D., 1659-1724

The Religion of Nature delineated, privately printed, 1722; ed. 1, 1724, 4to; ed. 2, 172; ed. 5, 1731; ed. 7, 1738; ed. 8, 1759. Translated into French, La Haye, 1726; into German, Helmstat, 1728. (See Bott, T., Clarke, J.)