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1.: To WILLIAM SMITH1 - Adam Smith, Glasgow Edition of the Works and Correspondence Vol. 6 Correspondence of Adam Smith [1740]

Edition used:

Correspondence of Adam Smith, ed. E. C. Mossner and I. S. Ross, vol. VI of the Glasgow Edition of the Works and Correspondence of Adam Smith (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1987).

Part of: The Glasgow Edition of the Works and Correspondence of Adam Smith, 7 vols.

About Liberty Fund:

Liberty Fund, Inc. is a private, educational foundation established to encourage the study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals.


To Carolyn

Preface

In 1965 the senior editor of this volume was invited by the Adam Smith Committee of Glasgow University to write a life of Smith. Professor Mossner saw that an indispensable preliminary was an edition of the correspondence, and he prevailed on the Committee to sponsor this project, also to ask the junior editor to collaborate with him. No complete collection of the correspondence was in print, though John Rae’s Life of Adam Smith (1895, reprinted 1965) and W. R. Scott’s Adam Smith as Student and Professor (1937) presented the letters known to the respective authors. A few other letters had appeared in periodicals. The lack of a collected edition is all the more surprising in that no extensive correspondence is involved. Our tabulation is as follows:

from Smith (published):131
(unpublished):48
(missing):53
    232
to Smith (published):98
(unpublished):27
(missing):40
    165

In view of these numbers, we decided to print Smith’s letters and those addressed to him whose contents provided significant information about Smith, or the lives of acquaintances in his career. The remainder of the letters to Smith have been calendared (Nos. 16, 62, 211, 255, 260, 279, and 285). Certain texts were not fully available to us: Letter 220 dated September 1782 (noted in a Caxton Head Catalogue); Letter 231 addressed to William Strahan, dated 6 October 1783 (sold at the Parke–Bernet Galleries, New York, on 22 October 1963); also Letter 257 addressed to Thomas Cadell, dated 14 March 1786 (sold at Sotheby’s on 27 October 1959). It is to be hoped that their owners will make them accessible to the scholarly world, also that the missing letters or some of them, at least, will be found.

To be sure, Adam Smith for the most part was a perfunctory, dilatory correspondent. When addressing him, David Hume could resort to bold remonstrance: ‘I can write as seldom and as short as you’ (Letter 90, January 1766); or, again, ‘I am as Lazy a Correspondent as you; yet my Anxiety about you makes me write’ (Letter 149, 8 February 1776). Another good friend, James Hutton, the vigorous extrovert geologist, affected to see in Smith’s absorption in his studies the characteristics of a Laputan: ‘I send you this flap in the ear to inform you that november is begun and there is little danger of frost till after the new year; so if you have anything to do with what is without you may conduct yourself accordingly; if it is otherwise and you are made up for sleep and vision, let me know when I should waken you again’ (Letter 301, undated).

Another difficulty about editing the correspondence is that Smith himself was not in favour of such enterprises, as he indicated clearly to William Strahan in connection with a proposal to bring out a volume of Hume’s letters: ‘Many things would be published not fit to see the light to the great mortification of all those who wish well to his memory’ (Letter 181, 2 December 1776). Such a feeling no doubt caused Smith to give instructions to his executors Joseph Black and James Hutton to commit his papers to the flames in the last week of his life.

Yet, if much has been irretrievably lost, and if some of what remains is brief, the range of correspondence published here reflects the preoccupations and activities of Smith’s life, and in opposition to his wish to veil private life, there can be quoted his statement in the Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres: ‘The smallest circumstances, the most minute transactions of a great man, are sought after with eagerness’ (Monday 17 January). We recall, too, the pleasure he took himself in knowing such details as that Milton wore latchets in his shoes (BLJ v. 19, n. 1). Among the many topics covered in the correspondence that go beyond the level of shoe latchets is the revision of the Theory of Moral Sentiments (Letter 40, and its enclosure), as well as source material for a part of The Wealth of Nations (Letters 115–20). On the biographical side, letters published here for the first time show Smith’s solicitude for a pupil (45–9), and solve a murder mystery (97–8). The appendices contain some printed letters addressed to Smith on matters of political economy, also documents associated with the American problem and the customs service.

Concerning the division of editorial responsibilities, Professor Mossner undertook to edit the letters from Smith, and the other editor dealt with letters to Smith. Sad to say ill health forced Professor Mossner to relinquish his share in the book in 1971, but he handed over accurate texts of the Smith letters and the basis for their annotation.

Acknowledgement is made here of the permission readily given by the Clarendon Press to quote from the notes to Hume’s letters to Smith printed in J. Y. T. Greig’s edition of The Letters of David Hume (1932, reprinted 1969), and in New Letters of David Hume, edited by Raymond Klibansky and Ernest C. Mossner (1954, reprinted 1969). A similar acknowledgement is made of permission from Glasgow University to quote from the notes to the Smith correspondence presented in W. R. Scott, Adam Smith as Student and Professor (Glasgow University Publications xlvi, 1937); from the University of Chicago Press and the Syndics of Cambridge University Press to draw facts and identifications from the notes to the Burke–Smith letters printed in the Burke Correspondence, edited by Thomas W. Copeland and others (from 1958).

Errors that remain in the text and notes are the responsibility of the junior editor, who wishes to pay every tribute of affection and respect to his colleague for his care in establishing sound principles for the edition, and for his patience and skill in solving knotty problems.

The format adopted for the edition required numbering and arranging each letter in chronological sequence, with the exception of No. 297 and following, these being letters whose dates are conjectural. After the number of each letter comes a brief citation of the address, when known, as well as the manuscript or printed source. The provenance and date of each letter are to be found in the top right–hand corner of the text, silently normalized to place, day, month, and year. Editors’ conjectures are placed within square brackets, and three dots indicate a cut by a previous editor, empty square brackets indicate a torn or otherwise damaged manuscript.

As for editorial rules, the original spelling, punctuation, and capitalization are all retained, except that in conformity with modern practice capitals are used after periods closing sentences, on the very rare occasions when writers do not observe this convention. Ampersands and contractions are expanded, except for contractions in signatures. The original accentuation of French words in the letters is preserved, except that the grave accent is normalized to the acute where modern practice requires this, as in Abbé. The guiding principle in all of this has been expressed by Dr. Johnson, who ‘did not take to’ Smith but would have hugged him for his love of rhyme: ‘An author’s language Sir, is a characteristical part of his composition, and is also characteristical of the age in which he writes. Besides, Sir, when the language is changed we are not sure that the sense is the same’ (BLJ iv. 315).

It is a pleasure to close this preface by recording the names of the institutions and people who gave us help. Research support was received from the Universities of Texas and British Columbia (1969, 1970), also the Canada Council (1969). The staff at the libraries of these Universities, also at Glasgow University Library, the National Library of Scotland, and the Scottish Record Office, were particularly helpful. Attention was drawn to important manuscript and printed sources by Mr. Edward Carson, librarian of H.M. Customs and Excise Department; Mr. C. P. Finlayson of Edinburgh University Library; Dr. J. D. Fleeman of Pembroke College, Oxford; Lady Edith Haden–Guest of Glasgow University; Dr. T. I. Rae of the National Library of Scotland; and the late Professor Jacob Viner of Princeton University. To the great advantage of the edition in terms of accuracy and clarity, the text and notes were carefully scrutinized by Professor D. D. Raphael of Imperial College, London, and Mr. Andrew S. Skinner, the efficient and knowledgeable secretary of the Adam Smith Committee.

Warm and special thanks go to Miss Moira McKeachie, who drove the editors across Scotland in 1965 when they first pursued Smith letters; to Mr. Antony Grinkus of Vancouver, who acted as research assistant to the project in 1971; to Professor David Stevens of Whitman College, who prepared Appendix B; to Mrs. Magda Chichini Pavitt for research help in 1973; to Miss Jane Douglas of Vancouver, who typed drafts of the edition; and to Mrs. Carolyn Mossner, whose good sense and good humour sustained the enterprise in difficult times.

I. S. R.

Vancouver, British Columbia

Preface to Second Edition

This edition incorporates corrections to the text arising from advice from reviewers and correspondents, to whom we are much indebted. Further work on the handwriting of the letters and the information offered in notes is also included. Letter 105 has been replaced by a new version. In addition, the missing part of one letter (letter 78) and eighteen entirely new letters are presented in Appendix E. Of the new ones, fourteen come from the papers of the Second Earl Stanhope, now in the Kent County Archives. They were discovered in 1983 as a result of shrewd enquiries made by Dr. David Raynor, University of Ottawa, in connection with his own research on David Hume. Copies were made available to the editors by Professor D. D. Raphael, Imperial College, London, who followed up a lead given to him by Dr. Raynor. We are most grateful to them for providing the texts of the Stanhope letters and commenting on the notes. We are also very grateful to our Japanese colleagues, Professor Yoshiaki Sudo, Keio University, Yokohama, and Professor Hisashi Shinohara, Kwansei Gakuin University, Nishinomiya, for tracing Adam Smith letters in their country and helping with annotation. We acknowledge with our thanks the permission to publish the new letters readily given by Edinburgh University Library; Kwansei Gakuin University; Kent Archives Office, Maidstone; the Trustees of the National Library of Scotland; Glasgow University Library; and Professor H. C. Recktenwald, Friedrich–Alexander–Universität, Erlangen–Nürnberg.

I. S. R.

Acknowledgements

For permission to publish letters in this volume, acknowledgement is gratefully made to the following individuals and institutions: James Abbey, Esq., Edinburgh; Messrs. George Allen & Unwin Ltd.; the Master and Fellows of Balliol College, Oxford; the Bentham Committee, University College, London; Sir James Hunter Blair of Blairquhan; the Trustees of the Bodleian Library, Oxford; the Trustees of the Boston Public Library (items in the Mellen Chamberlain Collection and the Virginia and Richard Ehrlich Autograph Collection); the British Library Board (now vested with ownership of the former Library Departments of the British Museum); Columbia University Library (Seligman Collection); Earl Fitzwilliam and Earl Fitzwilliam Wentworth Estates Company, also the City Librarian, Sheffield: Wentworth Woodhouse Muniments; Edinburgh University Library; Harvard University Library: Houghton Library and the Vanderblue Collection of Smithiana, Kress Library of Business and Economics; the Historical Society of Pennsylvania; the Trustees of the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery, San Marino, California; Mrs. Donald F. Hyde, Somerville, New Jersey: Mary and Donald F. Hyde Collection; the Most Hon. the Marquess of Lansdowne; Lehigh University Library: Honeyman Collection; Lincoln Savings and Loan Association, Los Angeles: Mr. Roy Crocker, President; the Hon. Mrs. John Mildmay–White and her Trustees, Baring Brothers & Co. Ltd., London; the Trustees of the National Library of Scotland: Manuscript Department and Mrs. P. G. C. Somervell Deposit; New York Public Library: Manuscript Division and Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection; Mr. M. Nitta, Managing Director, Yushudo Booksellers Ltd., Tokyo; the James M. and Marie–Louise Osborn Collection, Yale University Library; the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York City; the Royal Society of Edinburgh; the Scottish Record Office; the Syndics of Cambridge University Press; the Rt. Hon. Viscount Thurso of Ulbster; University of Illinois Library; University of London: Goldsmith Library; University of Michigan: William L. Clements Library; University of Tokyo; the Editorial Committee of the Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell; and Yale University Library.

Abbreviations

(i) Smith’s Works
Corr.Correspondence
EPSEssays on Philosophical Subjects (which include)
Ancient Logics‘History of the Ancient Logics and Metaphysics’
Ancient Physics‘History of the Ancient Physics’
Astronomy‘History of Astronomy’
English and Italian Verses‘Of the Affinity between certain English and Italian Verses’
External Senses‘Of the External Senses’
Imitative Arts‘Of the Nature of the Imitation which takes place in what are called the Imitative Arts’
Music, Dancing, and Poetry‘Of the Affinity between Music, Dancing, and Poetry’
StewartDugald Stewart, ‘Account of the Life and Writings of Adam Smith, LL.D.’
LJ (A)Lectures on Jurisprudence (Lothian version)
LJ (B)Lectures on Jurisprudence (Cannan version)
LRBLLectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres
TMSThe Theory of Moral Sentiments
WNThe Wealth of Nations
(ii) Other Works, Institutions, etc.
Bentham Corr.The Correspondence of Jeremy Bentham, ed. Timothy L. S. Sprigge et al. University of London: Athlone Press, 1968–
BLJBoswell’s Life of Johnson, ed. G. Birkbeck Hill, revsd. and enlgd. by L. F. Powell, 6 vols. Oxford, 1934–65
BMBritish Museum
BonarJames Bonar, A Catalogue of the Library of Adam Smith, 2nd edn. London, 1932
Burke Corr.The Correspondence of Edmund Burke, ed. Thomas W. Copeland et al., Cambridge University Press and Chicago University Press, 1958–
BroughamHenry Peter Brougham, Lives of Men of Letters and Science . . . in the time of George III, 2 vols. London, 1845–6
CarlyleThe Autobiography of Dr Alexander Carlyle of Inveresk 1722–1805, ed. John Hill Burton, new edn. Edinburgh, 1910
DNBDictionary of National Biography
EULEdinburgh University Library
FayC. R. Fay, Adam Smith and the Scotland of His Day, Cambridge University Press, 1956
Fraser, Scotts of BuccleuchSir William Fraser, The Scotts of Buccleuch, 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1878
Geo. III Corr.The Correspondence of George III 1760–1783, ed. Sir John Fortescue, 6 vols. London, 1927–8
GUAGlasgow University Archives
GULGlasgow University Library
HamiltonHenry Hamilton, An Economic History of Scotland in the Eighteenth Century, Oxford, 1963
HLThe Letters of David Hume, ed. J. Y. T. Greig, 2 vols. Oxford, 1932
HPThe History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1754–1790, ed. Sir Lewis Namier and John Brooke, 3 vols. H.M.S.O., 1964
Hume, Phil. Wks.The Philosophical Works of David Hume, ed. T. H. Green and T. H. Grose, 4 vols. London, 1874–5
MizutaHiroshi Mizuta, Adam Smith’s Library: A Supplement to Bonar’s Catalogue with a Check–list of the whole Library, Cambridge University Press, 1967
NHLNew Letters of David Hume, ed. Raymond Klibansky and Ernest C. Mossner, Oxford, 1954
NLSNational Library of Scotland
NYPLNew York Public Library
RaeJohn Rae, Life of Adam Smith, London, 1895 (reprinted Augustus M. Kelley, New York, 1965, with an Introduction ‘Guide to Rae’s “Life of Smith” ’ by Jacob Viner)
Ramsay of OchtertyreScotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century from the MSS. of John Ramsay, Esq. of Ochtertyre, ed. Alexander Allardyce, 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1888
RSERoyal Society of Edinburgh
ScottW. R. Scott, Adam Smith as Student and Professor, Glasgow University Publications, xlvi, 1937
Sinclair, Corr.The Correspondence of . . . Sir John Sinclair, 2 vols. Edinburgh 1831
SmallJohn Small, ‘Biographical Sketch of Adam Ferguson’, RSE Transactions xxiii (1864), 599–665
SROScottish Record Office, H.M. General Register House, Edinburgh
ThomsonJohn Thomson, Life, Lectures and Writings of William Cullen, vol. i, Edinburgh, 1832
Walpole, Corr.The Correspondence of Horace Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford, ed. W. S. Lewis et al., Yale Edition, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1937–

Life and Works of Adam Smith

1720Adam Smith Sr. md. Margaret Douglas of Strathenry    
1723c. 25 Jan. Adam Smith Sr. died; 5 June, Adam Smith baptized in Kirkcaldy    
c.1732–7attended Kirkcaldy Burgh School    
1737–40attended Glasgow University; taught by Francis Hutcheson; grad. M.A. with distinction    
1740–6at Balliol College, Oxford, as Snell Exhibitioner (£40 p.a.); matric. 7 July 1740; nominated to Warner Exhibition (£8. 5s. p.a.) 2 Nov. 1742; visited Adderbury on holidays, home of John 2nd Duke of Argyll; left Balliol c. 15 Aug. 1746; resigned Snell Exhibition 4 Feb. 1749    
1746–8lived with his mother in Kirkcaldy    
1748–51lectured at Edinburgh on rhetoric and belles lettres, also jurisprudence, under the patronage of Henry Home of Kames, James Oswald of Dunnikier, and Robert Craigie of Glendoick    
17519 Jan. elected Professor of Logic at Glasgow; admitted 16 Jan. then went back to Edinburgh to complete lecture course; from Oct. taught logic at Glasgow, also jurisprudence and politics.    
175222 Apr. elected Professor of Moral Philosophy at Glasgow; became member of the Glasgow Literary Society, also Philosophical Society, Edinburgh    
1754member of the Select Society, Edinburgh    
1755lectured on economic ideas to a Club organized by Andrew Cochrane, Provost of Glasgowarticles in Edinburgh Review: ‘A Dictionary of the English Language by Samuel Johnson’ (No. 1, 1 Jan.–1 July 1755); ‘A Letter to the Authors of the Edinburgh Review’ (No. 2, July 1755–Jan. 1756)
1758Quaestor for Glasgow University Library, served until 1760    
1759visited Inveraray, home of Archibald 3rd Duke of ArgyllTMS ed. 1
1760chosen Dean of Arts, served until 1763; summer jaunt for health reasons to England; visited the home of Lord Shelburne at High Wycombe    
1761Vice–rector of Glasgow University, served until 1763; in London on University business, late Aug.–early Oct.‘Considerations concerning the First Formation of Languages, and the Different Genius of Original and Compounded Languages,’ The Philological Miscellany i (1761) 440–79
        TMS ed. 2
17623 May made a Burgess of Glasgow; 21 Oct. nominated Glasgow LL.D.    
17638 Nov. gave notice of resignation of his Chair; resigned 14 Feb. 1764, from Paris    
1764Jan. left Glasgow for London, en route to France as travelling tutor to Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch; arrived in Paris 13 Feb. and remained ten days, then left for Toulouse; joined there by the Duke’s brother, the Hon. Hew Campbell Scott    
1765in Toulouse until Oct., at work on an early draft of WN; toured the south of France October; in Geneva Nov.–Dec. and met Voltaire; went on to Paris    
1766In Paris Jan.–Oct., on friendly terms with the La Rochefoucauld circle, Mme de Boufflers, the philosophes, and the Quesnai circle; 19 Oct. Hon. Hew Campbell Scott died of fever; Smith and the Duke of Buccleuch returned to England, landing at Dover on 1 Nov.; Smith was given a pension of £300 p.a. for life from the Buccleuch estates    
1766Nov.–Mar. 1767 in London: assisted Charles Townshend with taxation projects; carried out research on the history of colonies for Lord Shelburne; elected Fellow of the Royal Society 21 May (admitted 27 May 1773)    
1767    TMS ed. 3
    May–Apr. 1773 lived in Kirkcaldy with his mother, working on WN; made a Burgess of Edinburgh, June 1770    
1773May–Apr. 1776 in London, working on WN; elected member of The Club which Joshua Reynolds had founded as a forum for Dr. Johnson    
1774    TMS ed. 4
17769 Mar. publication of WN; May–Dec. in Kirkcaldy, visited Hume in Edinburgh during his last illnessWN
1777Jan.–beginning of Oct. in London‘Letter to Strahan’ (9 Nov. 1776) on the death of Hume, Scots Magazine xxxi (Jan. 1777), 5–7
    Oct.–Jan. 1778 in Kirkcaldy and Edinburgh? composed ‘Thoughts on the State of the Contest with America’
177830 Jan. gazetted Commissioner of Customs for Scotland (£500 p.a.) and of Salt Duties (£100 p.a.); settled in Panmure House, Canongate, Edinburgh, with his mother and as housekeeper his cousin Janet Douglas; adopted as his heir David Douglas (later Lord Reston), a nephew’s son; resumed membership of the Poker Club; gave Sunday suppers for friends among the literati and distinguished visitorsWN ed. 2 (early in the year)
1781    TMS ed. 5
1782in London, attended dinners of The Club; returned to Scotland early in July    
1783founder member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh; served as one of the presidents of its literary class    
1784Apr. accompanied Edmund Burke to Glasgow for his installation as Lord Rector of the University; his mother died on 23 MayWN ed. 3 (‘Additions and Corrections’ to eds. 1 and 2 were printed separately)
1786    WN ed. 4
1787Mar.–Aug. in London, probably for health reasons; said to have been consulted by the Government of Pitt the Younger; 15 Nov. elected Lord Rector of Glasgow University, and served until 1789    
1788sometime after Sept. Janet Douglas died    
1789    WN ed. 5
1790May 17 July, Adam Smith died in Panmure House; buried in the Canongate kirkyardTMS ed. 6 (revised and enlarged)
    Posthumous Publications    
1795EPS, ed. Joseph Black and James Hutton    
1896LJ (B), ed. Edwin Cannan    
1933‘Smiths Thoughts on the State of the Contest with America, February 1778’, ed. G. H. Guttridge, American Historical Review xxxviii. 714–20    
1963LRBL, ed. John M. Lothian    
1977LJ (A), ed. Ronald Meek, D. D. Raphael, and Peter Stein    

List of Letters

No.DateProvenanceCorrespondentPage
124 Aug. 1740Oxfordto William Smith1
2[1740–6]Oxfordto his mother1
323 Oct. 1741Adderburyto his mother2
412 May [? 1742]Oxfordto his mother2
529 Nov. 1743Oxfordto his mother3
62 July 1744Oxfordto his mother3
74 Feb. 1748–9Edinburghto [Dr. Theophilus Leigh]3
810 Jan. 1751Edinburghto [Robert Simson]4
93 Sept. 1751Edinburghto William Cullen4
10Nov. 1751Edinburghto William Cullen5
1119 Jan. 1752 (N.S.)Glasgowto James Oswald6
1224 Sept. 1752Edinburghfrom David Hume8
1326 May 1753Edinburghfrom David Hume9
1427 Feb. 1754Edinburghfrom David Hume10
1520 Mar. [1754]Oxfordfrom Alexander Wedderburn11
1627 Aug. 1754Alloafrom Adam Smith, Collector of Customs13
17Oct. 1754Groningenfrom Adam Ferguson13
181 Dec. 1754Leipzigfrom Adam Ferguson14
1917 Dec. 1754Edinburghfrom David Hume16
209 Jan. 1755Edinburghfrom David Hume17
21[14 Feb. 1755]Glasgowto [Dr. George Stone]18
22Feb.–Mar.? 1757Edinburghfrom David Hume19
237 Sept. 1757Glasgowto [Gilbert Elliot]21
24Oct. 1757Glasgowto [Lord Milton]22
258 June 1758Edinburghfrom David Hume24
2619 Aug. 1758Glasgowto William Johnstone25
2714 Nov. 1758Londonfrom Gilbert Elliot26
2821 Feb. 1759Glasgowto Lord Fitzmaurice28
2910 Mar. 1759Glasgowto Lord Shelburne29
304 Apr. 1759Glasgowto Lord Shelburne30
3112 Apr. 1759Londonfrom David Hume33
3226 Apr. 1759Dublinfrom Lord Shelburne36
3326 Apr. 1759Londonfrom Andrew Millar39
3414 June [1759]Edinburghfrom William Robertson40
3523 July 1759Glasgowto Lord Shelburne41
3628 July 1759Londonfrom David Hume42
3731 Aug. 1759Glasgowto Lord Shelburne44
3810 Sept. 1759Westminsterfrom Edmund Burke46
3917 Sept. 1759Glasgowto Charles Townshend47
4010 Oct. 1759Glasgowto [Gilbert Elliot]48
4124 Oct. 1759Glasgowto [Archibald Campbell]57
4229 Oct. 1759Glasgowto Lord Shelburne58
433 Dec. 1759Glasgowto Lord Shelburne60
449 Jan. 1760Glasgowto [Archibald Campbell]62
4510 Mar. 1760Glasgowto Lord Shelburne62
4612 Mar. 1760Glasgowto Lord Shelburne64
47[? 13] Mar. 1760Glasgowto Andrew Stuart65
4817 Mar. 1760Glasgowto Lord Shelburne66
4919 Mar. 1760Glasgowto Lord Shelburne66
504 Apr. 1760Glasgowto William Strahan67
5115 July 1760Glasgowto Lord Shelburne69
5211 Nov. 1760Glasgowto Lord Shelburne71
5318 Nov. 1760Glasgowto Lord Shelburne72
5430 Dec. 1760Glasgowto William Strahan73
556 June 1761St. Andrewsfrom Lord Cardross (later 11th Earl of Buchan)75
5624 June 1761Edinburghfrom Robert Cullen76
5729 June 1761Ninewellsfrom David Hume77
5815 July 1761Glasgowfrom Dr. William Leechman77
5927 Oct. 1761Londonfrom Lord Erroll78
602 Nov. 1761Glasgowto Joshua Sharpe79
615 Nov. 1761Edinburghfrom Adam Ferguson79
6212 Nov. 1761Londonfrom David Lyle80
634 Jan. 1762Dunlopfrom Thomas Wallace81
6426 Feb. 1762Oxfordfrom Hon. Thomas Fitzmaurice81
659 Mar. 1762Glasgowto William Johnstone84
669 Apr. 1762Glasgowto Sir Gilbert Elliot, (Lord Minto)85
6715 June 1762Glasgowto Joshua Sharpe85
688 July 1762Slains Castlefrom Lord Erroll87
697 Feb. 1763Glasgowto George Baird87
7022 Feb. 1763Glasgowto David Hume89
7128 Mar. 1763Edinburghfrom David Hume89
7221 July 1763Edinburghfrom David Hume90
739 Aug. 1763Edinburghfrom David Hume91
7411 Sept. 1763Aberdeenfrom Henry Herbert (later, Lord Porchester)91
7513 Sept. 1763Londonfrom David Hume92
7625 Oct. 1763Adderburyfrom Charles Townshend95
7728 Oct. 1763Fontainebleaufrom David Hume96
7812 Dec. 1763Glasgowto David Hume98
7923 Jan. 1764Glasgowfrom Joseph Black98
802 Feb. 1764Glasgowfrom John Millar99
8114 Feb. 1764Paristo Thomas Miller100
825 July 1764Toulouseto David Hume101
8321 Oct. 1764Toulouseto David Hume102
844 Nov. 1764Toulouseto David Hume103
855 Nov. 1764Glasgowfrom John Glassford104
86[Aug. 1765][? Toulouse]to David Hume105
875 Sept. 1765Parisfrom David Hume106
88[? Sept.] 1765[? Toulouse]to David Hume107
8910–11 Dec. 1765Ferneyfrom Mme Marie Louise Denis109
90[Jan.] 1766[London]from David Hume110
9118 Feb. 1766    from le Gr[and] Vic[aire] Eccossois111
9213 Mar. 1766Paristo David Hume112
936 July 1766Paristo David Hume112
9426 Aug. 1766Compiègneto Charles Townshend114
9527 Aug. 1766Compiègneto [Charles Townshend]116
96[Aug.] 1766[London]from David Hume117
9715 Oct. 1766Paristo Lady Frances Scott119
9819 Oct. 1766Paristo Lady Frances Scott121
99[autumn] 1766Paristo Andrew Millar121
100[winter] 1766–67Londonto William Strahan122
10112 Feb. 1767Londonto Lord Shelburne122
10225 Mar. [1767]Londonto Thomas Cadell124
1037 June 1767Kirkcaldyto David Hume125
10413 June 1767Londonfrom David Hume126
10523 June 1767Londonfrom [Count de Sarsfield]127
10626 June 1767Kirkcaldyto John Craigie130
10714 July 1767Londonfrom David Hume130
10830 Aug. 1767Kirkcaldyto [William Strahan]131
10913 Sept. 1767Edinburghto David Hume131
110[end of Sept. 1767]Londonfrom David Hume133
1118 Oct. 1767Londonfrom David Hume133
11217 Oct. 1767Londonfrom David Hume136
11327 Jan. 1768Kirkcaldyto Lord Shelburne137
11425 Dec. 1768Kirkcaldyto Archibald Campbell138
11515 Jan. 1769Kirkcaldyto Lord Hailes139
1165 Mar. 1769Kirkcaldyto Lord Hailes141
1176 Mar. 1769Edinburghfrom Lord Hailes143
11812 Mar. 1769Kirkcaldyto Lord Hailes151
11916 May 1769Kirkcaldyto Lord Hailes152
12023 May 1769Kirkcaldyto Lord Hailes154
12120 Aug. 1769Edinburghfrom David Hume155
12228 Aug. 1769Edinburghfrom James Boswell156
1236 Feb. 1770Edinburghfrom David Hume156
124[Feb. 1770]Edinburghfrom David Hume158
12511 Mar. 1771Kirkcaldyto John Davidson158
1267 June 1771Parisfrom Count de Sarsfield159
12726 July 1771Kirkcaldyto John Spottiswoode159
128[autumn 1771]Kirkcaldyto John Davidson160
12928 Jan. 1772Edinburghfrom David Hume160
130[Feb.? 1772][? Edinburgh, Kirkcaldy]to Mme de Boufflers161
13127 June 1772Edinburghfrom David Hume161
1323 Sept. 1772Kirkcaldyto William Pulteney163
133[Oct. 1772]Edinburghfrom David Hume164
13423 Nov. 1772Edinburghfrom David Hume166
13524 Feb. 1773Edinburghfrom David Hume166
13610 Apr. 1773Edinburghfrom David Hume167
13716 Apr. 1773Edinburghto David Hume168
1382 Sept. 1773Edinburghfrom Adam Ferguson169
13923 Jan. 1774Edinburghfrom Adam Ferguson169
14013 Feb. 1774Edinburghfrom David Hume171
14111 Mar. 1774Edinburghfrom Adam Ferguson172
1421 June 1774Genevafrom Adam Ferguson172
14320 Sept. 1774Londonto William Cullen173
14425 Feb. 1774Genevafrom Patrick Clason179
1451 May 1775Westminsterfrom Edmund Burke180
1469 May 1775Londonto David Hume181
1471 Nov. 1775Bo’nessfrom Dr. John Roebuck182
14813 Dec. 1775[London]to Henry Dundas184
1498 Feb. 1776Edinburghfrom David Hume185
1501 Apr. 1776Edinburghfrom David Hume186
1513 Apr. [1776]Edinburghfrom Hugh Blair187
152[Apr. 1776][Edinburgh]from Joseph Black190
1538 Apr. 1776North Murchistonfrom William Robertson192
15418 Apr. 1776Edinburghfrom Adam Ferguson193
155Apr. 1776Edinburghfrom Adam Ferguson194
1563 May 1776Londonfrom David Hume194
1573 May 1776Londonfrom David Hume195
1583 June 1776Kirkcaldyto [William Strahan]196
1596 June 1776[? London]from Alexander Wedderburn197
16010 June 1776Londonfrom William Strahan199
16116 June 1776Kirkcaldyto David Hume201
1626 July 1776Edinburghto [William Strahan]202
16314 Aug. 1776Kirkcaldyto Alexander Wedderburn203
16414 Aug. 1776Edinburghfrom Joseph Black204
16515 Aug. 1776Edinburghfrom David Hume205
16622 Aug. 1776Kirkcaldyto David Hume206
16722 Aug. 1776Edinburghfrom Joseph Black207
16823 Aug. 1776Edinburghfrom David Hume208
16926 Aug. 1776Edinburghfrom Joseph Black208
17031 Aug. 1776Edinburghto John Home of Ninewells209
1712 Sept. 1776Edinburghfrom John Home of Ninewells210
1725 Sept. 1776Edinburghto William Strahan210
17316 Sept. 1776Southamptonfrom William Strahan212
17425 Sept. 1776RichmondA Letter from Governor Pownall213
1757 Oct. 1776Kirkcaldyto [John Home of Ninewells]214
17614 Oct. 1776Ninewellsfrom John Home of Ninewells214
177[Oct.] 1776[Kirkcaldy]to [William Strahan]216
1789 Nov. 1776Kirkcaldyto William Strahan217
17913 Nov. 1776Kirkcaldyto William Strahan221
18026 Nov. 1776Londonfrom William Strahan222
1812 Dec. 1776Kirkcaldyto William Strahan223
18219 Jan. 1777Londonto Governor Pownall224
18312 Apr. 1777Edinburghfrom Adam Ferguson225
18427 Oct. 1777Kirkcaldyto William Strahan226
18530 Oct. 1777[London]from Alexander Wedderburn226
1867 Nov. 1777Westminsterfrom Sir Grey Cooper227
18726 Nov. 1777Londonfrom Edward Gibbon228
18820 Dec. 1777Edinburghto William Strahan229
1891777A Letter to Adam Smith LL.D. on the Life, Death, and Philosophy of . . . David Hume, Esq. ‘By One of the People called Christians’    230
            [the Revd. George Horne]    
19014 Jan. 1778Kirkcaldyto William Strahan230
19121 Jan. 1778Kirkcaldyto John Spottiswoode231
1925 Feb. 1778Edinburghto William Strahan232
1935 Feb. 1778Edinburghto [? Sir Grey Cooper]232
1943 Mar. 1778Verteuilfrom Le Duc de La Rochefoucauld233
19516 Nov. 1778Edinburghto Lord Kames234
19624 Nov. 1778Edinburghto John Sinclair of Ulbster235
19728 Nov. 1778Kensington Gorefrom [John Macpherson]236
198Jan. 1779Edinburghto [unidentified nobleman]237
1996 Aug. 1779Verteuilfrom Le Duc de La Rochefoucauld238
20030 Oct. 1779Melvillefrom Henry Dundas239
2011 Nov. 1779Edinburghto [Henry Dundas]240
2028 Nov. 1779Edinburghto [Lord Carlisle]242
2033 Jan. 1780Edinburghto [William Eden]244
20423 May 1780Edinburghto Henry Mackenzie246
2055 July 1780Edinburghto John Davidson247
20625 Oct. [1780]Edinburghto [Thomas Cadell]247
20726 Oct. 1780Edinburghto [William Strahan]248
208[26 Oct. 1780][Edinburgh]to [Andreas Holt]249
209[26 Oct. 1780][Edinburgh]to Peter Anker253
21026 Nov. 1780Bathfrom the 3rd Duke of Buccleuch254
21130 Nov. 1780Calcuttafrom Samuel Charters254
2121780Edinburghto Thomas Cadell255
21318 June 1781[Ostend]from [Count de Sarsfield]255
21429 Oct. 1781Edinburghto James Hunter Blair256
2157 June 1782Edinburghfrom Henry Mackenzie257
2161 July 1782Londonto Edmund Burke258
2176 July 1782Londonto Edmund Burke259
21823 July 1782Edinburghto Abbé Blavet259
21921 Aug. 1782Edinburghto Charles Mackinnon of Mackinnon260
220Sept. 1782    to [unknown correspondent]261
22114 Oct. 1782Edinburghto John Sinclair of Ulbster262
2227 Dec. 1782Edinburghto Thomas Cadell263
22312 Dec. 1782Londonfrom Thomas Cadell264
22425 Feb. 1783[Edinburgh]to John Davidson264
22517 Mar. 1783Edinburghto Lady Frances Scott265
22615 Apr. 1783Edinburghto Edmund Burke265
22722 May 1783Edinburghto William Strahan266
2282 June 1783Edinburghto [Sir Grey Cooper]266
22919 June 1783Edinburghto [Edward Gibbon]267
23020 June 1783Londonfrom Edmund Burke268
2316 Oct. 1783Edinburghto [William Strahan]269
23220 Nov. 1783Edinburghto [William Strahan]270
23315 Dec. 1783Edinburghto William Eden271
23418 Dec. 1783Londonfrom George Dempster272
2351783Edinburghto [? William Eden]273
2367 May [1784]Edinburghto John Davidson274
23710 June 1784Edinburghto William Strahan275
23818 June 1784[Edinburgh]to Dr. Maxwell Garthshore276
23919 June 1784Edinburghto [Thomas Cadell]276
24010 Aug. 1784Edinburghto [Thomas Cadell]278
24116 Nov. 1784Edinburghto [Thomas Cadell]279
24218 Nov. 1784Edinburghto [Thomas Cadell]279
24322 Feb. 1785Edinburghto James Menteath280
24421 Apr. 1785Edinburghto [Thomas Cadell]281
24524 Aug. 1785Highclerefrom Henry Herbert, Lord Porchester282
24611 Sept. 1785Miramichi, New Brunswickfrom Robert Reid283
24729 Sept. 1785Edinburghto Andrew Strahan285
2481 Nov. 1785Edinburghto Le Duc de La Rochefoucauld286
24910 Nov. 1785Edinburghto George Chalmers287
2503 Dec. 1785[Edinburgh]to George Chalmers289
25122 Dec. 1785Edinburghto [George Chalmers]289
2523 Jan. 1786Edinburghto [George Chalmers]290
25330 Jan. 1786Edinburghto John Sinclair of Ulbster291
2544 Feb. 1786[Edinburgh]to Fraser Tytler292
2555 Feb. 1786Londonfrom Buccleuch Sharp292
25613 Feb. 1786Edinburghto Andrew Strahan293
25714 Mar. 1786Edinburghto [Thomas Cadell]293
25811 Apr. 1786Edinburghto [Sir John Sinclair of Ulbster]294
2591 May 1786Edinburghto Abbé Morellet295
2602 May 1786Gosportfrom Sir Charles Douglas296
2617 May 1786Edinburghto Thomas Cadell296
2623 Oct. 1786Edinburghto John Bruce296
2637 Dec. 1786Beconsfieldfrom Edmund Burke297
26413 Dec. 1786Edinburghto Lt. Col. Alexander Ross299
26520 Dec. 1786Beconsfieldfrom Edmund Burke300
2666 Mar. 1787Edinburghto [Bishop John Douglas]301
26721 Mar. 1787Londonfrom Henry Dundas302
268Mar. 1787Crichoff, White Russiafrom Jeremy Bentham303
2699 May 1787Londonto Joseph Black303
27013 June 1787Londonto Lt. Col. Alexander Ross303
2718 July 1787Edinburghfrom Bishop John Geddes305
27218 July 1787Londonto Henry Dundas306
27320 Aug. 1787Londonfrom John Logan307
27416 Nov. 1787Edinburghto Dr. Archibald Davidson308
27518 Dec. 1787Edinburghto Sir Joseph Banks309
27615 Mar. 1788Edinburghto Thomas Cadell310
27719 June 1788Parisfrom Pierre–Samuel Dupont de Nemours311
27816 July 1788Edinburghto Dr. Archibald Davidson313
27919 Aug. 1788Greenockfrom George Cunningham314
2801 Sept. 1788Edinburghto Henry Dundas314
28116 Sept. 1788Edinburghto Dr. James Menteath315
28211 Oct. 1788Edinburghto [? William Robertson]316
28310 Dec. 1788Edinburghto Edward Gibbon316
2842 Feb. 1789Edinburghto Dr. James Menteath317
28520 Feb. 1789Gosportfrom Mrs. L. M. Bingham318
28625 Mar. 1789Edinburghto [Henry Dundas]318
28731 Mar. 1789Edinburghto Thomas Cadell319
28820 Apr. 1789Closeburn Castlefrom Dr. James Menteath320
2899 May 1789Edinburghto Dr. James Menteath321
290[18 Sept. 1789]Edinburghto Sir William Forbes322
29121 Jan. 1790Edinburghto David Douglas322
2929 Feb. 1790Edinburghto Robert Cullen323
29324 Feb. 1790Londonfrom the 3rd Duke of Buccleuch323
29416 May 1790Edinburghto [Thomas Cadell]324
29525 May 1790Edinburghto Thomas Cadell325
2961790    from Jeremy Bentham325
297[1752–63]Glasgowto William Johnstone326
2987 Sept. [? 1780]Edinburghto John Bruce326
299[ ][ ]to Sir John Sinclair of Ulbster327
3003 June [ ]Edinburghfrom David Hume327
301Nov. [ ]Edinburghfrom James Hutton327
302[? end of Oct. / end of Dec. 1766][ ]from [Charles Townshend]328
303[late 1784, or after][Edinburgh]to Thomas Wharton334
304[? late Jan.–Apr. 1751][Glasgow]from [William Cullen]334
a.12 Dec. 1763Glasgowto David Hume    
[b.17 Nov. 1772Edinburghfrom David Hume]    
c.24 June 1775Londonto Lord Stanhope    
d.29 Mar. 1777Londonto Lord Stanhope    
e.2 Apr. 1777LondontoLord Stanhope
f.5 Apr. 1777LondontoLord Stanhope
g.7 Apr. 1777LondonfromJames Chalmer
g.(i)6 Apr. 1774ParisfromLord Stanhope to Adam Ferguson
h.8 Apr. 1777LondontoLord Stanhope
i.19 Apr. 1777LondontoLord Stanhope
j.29 Apr. 1777    fromAlexander Wedderburn
k.30 Apr. 1777LondontoLord Stanhope
l.8 May 1777LondontoLord Stanhope
m.14 May 1777LondontoLord Mahon
n.24 May 1777LondontoLord Stanhope
o.14 June 1777LondontoLady Stanhope
p.23 Sept. 1788EdinburghtoHenry Herbert, Lord Porchester
q.[6 May 1789][Dover]fromDugald Stewart
r.21 Jan. 1790EdinburghtoHon. Henry Herbert
s.[ ][Edinburgh]toJohn Maclaurin

1.

To WILLIAM SMITH1

  • Address: To William Smith, at the Duke of Argyles house in Brutin Street, London2

MS., GUL Gen. 1035/126; Scott 232.

Sir

I yesterday receiv’d your letter with a bill of sixteen pounds inclos’d, for which I humbly thank you, but more for the good advice you were pleased to give me: I am indeed affraid that my expences at college must necessarily amount to a much greater sum this year than at any time hereafter; because of the extraordinary and most extravagant fees we are obligd to pay the College and University on our admittance;3 it will be his own fault if anyone should endanger his health at Oxford by excessive Study, our only business here being to go to prayers twice a day, and to lecture twice a week.4 I am, dear Sir

Your most Oblig’d Servant

Adam Smith

[1 ]William Smith (d. 1753), secretary to John 2nd Duke of Argyll; he was Adam Smith’s cousin, also his tutor and curator, i.e. guardian.

[2 ]The Duke’s town house in Bruton Street, just off Berkeley Square.

[3 ]Smith was a Snell Exhibitioner at Balliol; matriculated 7 July 1740.

[4 ]Smith’s first but by no means last sharp comment on Oxford education; cf. WN V.i.f.8: ‘In the university of Oxford, the greater part of the publick professors have, for these many years, given up altogether even the pretence of teaching.’