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The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, edited from numerous manuscripts by the Rev. Walter W. Skeat (2nd ed.) (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1899). 7 vols. Vol. 4.

Author: Geoffrey Chaucer
Editor: Walter W. Skeat

Part of: The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, 7 vols.

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GROUP F.

THE SQUIERES TALE.
(T. 10315-10334).

[The Squire’s Prologue.]
‘SQUIER, com neer, if it your wille be,
And sey somwhat of love; for, certes, ye
Connen ther-on as muche as any man.’
‘Nay, sir,’ quod he, ‘but I wol seye as I can
With hertly wille; for I wol nat rebelle5
Agayn your lust; a tale wol I telle.
Have me excused if I speke amis,
My wil is good; and lo, my tale is this.

Here biginneth the Squieres Tale.

At Sarray, in the land of Tartarye,(1)
Ther dwelte a king, that werreyed Russye,10
Thurgh which ther deyde many a doughty man.
This noble king was cleped Cambinskan,
Which in his tyme was of so greet renoun
That ther nas no-wher in no regioun
So excellent a lord in alle thing;15
Him lakked noght that longeth to a king.
As of the secte of which that he was born
He kepte his lay, to which that he was sworn;(10)
And ther-to he was hardy, wys, and riche,
Pitous and Iust, and ever-more y-liche20
Sooth of his word, benigne and honurable,
Of his corage as any centre stable;
Yong, fresh, and strong , in armes desirous
As any bacheler of al his hous.
A fair persone he was and fortunat,25
And kepte alwey so wel royal estat,
That ther was nowher swich another man.
This noble king, this Tartre Cambinskan(20)
Hadde two sones on Elpheta his wyf,
Of whiche the eldeste highte Algarsyf,30
That other sone was cleped Cambalo.
A doghter hadde this worthy king also,
That yongest was, and highte Canacee.
But for to telle yow al hir beautee,
It lyth nat in my tonge, nin my conning;35
I dar nat undertake so heigh a thing.
Myn English eek is insufficient;
It moste been a rethor excellent,(30)
That coude his colours longing for that art,
If he sholde hir discryven every part.40
I am non swich, I moot speke as I can.
And so bifel that, whan this Cambinskan
Hath twenty winter born his diademe,
As he was wont fro yeer to yeer, I deme,
He leet the feste of his nativitee45
Don cryen thurghout Sarray his citee,
The last Idus of March, after the yeer.
Phebus the sonne ful Ioly was and cleer;(40)
For he was neigh his exaltacioun
In Martes face, and in his mansioun50
In Aries, the colerik hote signe.
Ful lusty was the weder and benigne,
For which the foules , agayn the sonne shene,
What for the seson and the yonge grene,
Ful loude songen hir affecciouns;55
Him semed han geten hem protecciouns
Agayn the swerd of winter kene and cold.
This Cambinskan, of which I have yow told,(50)
In royal vestiment sit on his deys,
With diademe, ful heighe in his paleys,60
And halt his feste, so solempne and so riche
That in this world ne was ther noon it liche.
Of which if I shal tellen al tharray,
Than wolde it occupye a someres day;
And eek it nedeth nat for to devyse65
At every cours the ordre of hir servyse.
I wol nat tellen of hir strange sewes,
Ne of hir swannes, ne of hir heronsewes.(60)
Eek in that lond, as tellen knightes olde,
Ther is som mete that is ful deyntee holde,70
That in this lond men recche of it but smal;
Ther nis no man that may reporten al.
I wol nat tarien yow, for it is pryme,
And for it is no fruit but los of tyme;
Un-to my firste I wol have my recours.75
And so bifel that, after the thridde cours,
Whyl that this king sit thus in his nobleye,
Herkninge his minstralles hir thinges pleye(70)
Biforn him at the bord deliciously,
In at the halle-dore al sodeynly80
Ther cam a knight up-on a stede of bras,
And in his hand a brood mirour of glas.
Upon his thombe he hadde of gold a ring,
And by his syde a naked swerd hanging;
And up he rydeth to the heighe bord.85
In al the halle ne was ther spoke a word
For merveille of this knight; him to biholde
Ful bisily ther wayten yonge and olde.(80)
This strange knight, that cam thus sodeynly,
Al armed save his heed ful richely,90
Saluëth king and queen, and lordes alle,
By ordre, as they seten in the halle,
With so heigh reverence and obeisaunce
As wel in speche as in contenaunce,
That Gawain, with his olde curteisye,95
Though he were come ageyn out of Fairye,
Ne coude him nat amende with a word.
And after this, biforn the heighe bord,(90)
He with a manly voys seith his message,
After the forme used in his langage,100
With-outen vyce of sillable or of lettre;
And, for his tale sholde seme the bettre,
Accordant to his wordes was his chere,
As techeth art of speche hem that it lere;
Al-be-it that I can nat soune his style,105
Ne can nat climben over so heigh a style,
Yet seye I this, as to commune entente,
Thus muche amounteth al that ever he mente,(100)
If it so be that I have it in minde.
He seyde, ‘the king of Arabie and of Inde,110
My lige lord, on this solempne day
Saluëth yow as he best can and may,
And sendeth yow, in honour of your feste,
By me, that am al redy at your heste,
This stede of bras, that esily and wel 115
Can, in the space of o day naturel,
This is to seyn, in foure and twenty houres,
Wher-so yow list, in droghte or elles shoures,(110)
Beren your body in-to every place
To which your herte wilneth for to pace120
With-outen wem of yow, thurgh foul or fair;
Or, if yow list to fleen as hye in the air
As doth an egle, whan him list to sore,
This same stede shal bere yow ever-more
With-outen harm, til ye be ther yow leste,125
Though that ye slepen on his bak or reste;
And turne ayeyn, with wrything of a pin.
He that it wroghte coude ful many a gin;(120)
He wayted many a constellacioun
Er he had doon this operacioun;130
And knew ful many a seel and many a bond.
This mirour eek, that I have in myn hond,
Hath swich a might, that men may in it see
Whan ther shal fallen any adversitee
Un-to your regne or to your-self also;135
And openly who is your freend or foo.
And over al this, if any lady bright
Hath set hir herte on any maner wight,(130)
If he be fals, she shal his treson see,
His newe love and al his subtiltee140
So openly, that ther shal no-thing hyde.
Wherfor, ageyn this lusty someres tyde,
This mirour and this ring, that ye may see,
He hath sent to my lady Canacee,
Your excellente doghter that is here.145
The vertu of the ring, if ye wol here,
Is this; that, if hir lust it for to were
Up-on hir thombe, or in hir purs it bere,(140)
Ther is no foul that fleeth under the hevene
That she ne shal wel understonde his stevene,150
And knowe his mening openly and pleyn,
And answere him in his langage ageyn.
And every gras that groweth up-on rote
She shal eek knowe, and whom it wol do bote,
Al be his woundes never so depe and wyde.155
This naked swerd, that hangeth by my syde,
Swich vertu hath, that what man so ye smyte,
Thurgh-out his armure it wol kerve and byte,(150)
Were it as thikke as is a branched ook;
And what man that is wounded with the strook 160
Shal never be hool til that yow list, of grace,
To stroke him with the platte in thilke place
Ther he is hurt: this is as muche to seyn,
Ye mote with the platte swerd ageyn
Stroke him in the wounde, and it wol close;165
This is a verray sooth, with-outen glose,
It failleth nat whyl it is in your hold.’
And whan this knight hath thus his tale told,(160)
He rydeth out of halle, and doun he lighte.
His stede, which that shoon as sonne brighte,170
Stant in the court, as stille as any stoon.
This knight is to his chambre lad anon,
And is unarmed and to mete y-set.
The presentes ben ful royally y-fet,
This is to seyn, the swerd and the mirour,175
And born anon in-to the heighe tour
With certeine officers ordeyned therfore;
And un-to Canacee this ring was bore (170)
Solempnely, ther she sit at the table.
But sikerly, with-outen any fable,180
The hors of bras, that may nat be remewed,
It stant as it were to the ground y-glewed.
Ther may no man out of the place it dryve
For noon engyn of windas or polyve;
And cause why, for they can nat the craft.185
And therefore in the place they han it laft
Til that the knight hath taught hem the manere
To voyden him, as ye shal after here.(180)
Greet was the prees, that swarmeth to and fro,
To gauren on this hors that stondeth so;190
For it so heigh was, and so brood and long,
So wel proporcioned for to ben strong,
Right as it were a stede of Lumbardye;
Ther-with so horsly, and so quik of ye
As it a gentil Poileys courser were.195
For certes, fro his tayl un-to his ere,
Nature ne art ne coude him nat amende
In no degree, as al the peple wende.(190)
But evermore hir moste wonder was,
How that it coude goon , and was of bras;200
It was of Fairye, as the peple semed.
Diverse folk diversely they demed;
As many hedes, as many wittes ther been.
They murmureden as dooth a swarm of been,
And maden skiles after hir fantasyes,205
Rehersinge of thise olde poetryes,
And seyden, it was lyk the Pegasee,
The hors that hadde winges for to flee;(200)
Or elles it was the Grekes hors Synon,
That broghte Troye to destruccion,210
As men may in thise olde gestes rede.
‘Myn herte,’ quod oon, ‘is evermore in drede;
I trowe som men of armes been ther-inne,
That shapen hem this citee for to winne.
It were right good that al swich thing were knowe.’215
Another rowned to his felawe lowe,
And seyde, ‘he lyeth, it is rather lyk
An apparence y-maad by som magyk,(210)
As Iogelours pleyen at thise festes grete.’
Of sondry doutes thus they Iangle and trete,220
As lewed peple demeth comunly
Of thinges that ben maad more subtilly
Than they can in her lewednes comprehende;
They demen gladly to the badder ende.
And somme of hem wondred on the mirour,225
That born was up in-to the maister-tour,
How men mighte in it swiche thinges see.
Another answerde, and seyde it mighte wel be(220)
Naturelly, by composiciouns
Of angles and of slye reflexiouns,230
And seyden, that in Rome was swich oon.
They speken of Alocen and Vitulon,
And Aristotle, that writen in hir lyves
Of queynte mirours and of prospectyves,
As knowen they that han hir bokes herd.235
And othere folk han wondred on the swerd
That wolde percen thurgh-out every-thing;
And fille in speche of Thelophus the king,(230)
And of Achilles with his queynte spere,
For he coude with it bothe hele and dere,240
Right in swich wyse as men may with the swerd
Of which right now ye han your-selven herd.
They speken of sondry harding of metal,
And speke of medicynes ther-with-al,
And how, and whanne, it sholde y-harded be;245
Which is unknowe algates unto me.
Tho speke they of Canaceës ring,
And seyden alle, that swich a wonder thing(240)
Of craft of ringes herde they never non,
Save that he, Moyses, and king Salomon250
Hadde a name of konning in swich art.
Thus seyn the peple, and drawen hem apart.
But nathelees, somme seyden that it was
Wonder to maken of fern-asshen glas,
And yet nis glas nat lyk asshen of fern;255
But for they han y-knowen it so fern,
Therfore cesseth her Iangling and her wonder.
As sore wondren somme on cause of thonder,(250)
On ebbe, on flood, on gossomer, and on mist,
And alle thing, til that the cause is wist.260
Thus Iangle they and demen and devyse,
Til that the king gan fro the bord aryse.
Phebus hath laft the angle meridional,
And yet ascending was the beest royal,
The gentil Leon, with his Aldiran,265
Whan that this Tartre king, this Cambynskan,
Roos fro his bord, ther that he sat ful hye.
Toforn him gooth the loude minstralcye,(260)
Til he cam to his chambre of parements,
Ther as they sownen diverse instruments,270
That it is lyk an heven for to here.
Now dauncen lusty Venus children dere,
For in the Fish hir lady sat ful hye,
And loketh on hem with a freendly ye.
This noble king is set up in his trone.275
This strange knight is fet to him ful sone,
And on the daunce he gooth with Canacee.
Heer is the revel and the Iolitee(270)
That is nat able a dul man to devyse.
He moste han knowen love and his servyse,280
And been a festlich man as fresh as May,
That sholde yow devysen swich array.
Who coude telle yow the forme of daunces,
So uncouthe and so fresshe contenaunces,
Swich subtil loking and dissimulinges285
For drede of Ialouse mennes aperceyvinges?
No man but Launcelot, and he is deed.
Therefor I passe of al this lustiheed;(280)
I seye na-more, but in this Iolynesse
I lete hem, til men to the soper dresse.290
The styward bit the spyces for to hye,
And eek the wyn, in al this melodye.
The usshers and the squyers ben y-goon;
The spyces and the wyn is come anoon.
They ete and drinke; and whan this hadde an ende,295
Un-to the temple, as reson was, they wende.
The service doon, they soupen al by day.
What nedeth yow rehercen hir array?(290)
Ech man wot wel, that at a kinges feeste
Hath plentee, to the moste and to the leeste,300
And deyntees mo than been in my knowing.
At-after soper gooth this noble king
To seen this hors of bras, with al the route
Of lordes and of ladyes him aboute.
Swich wondring was ther on this hors of bras305
That, sin the grete sege of Troye was,
Ther-as men wondreden on an hors also,
Ne was ther swich a wondring as was tho.(300)
But fynally the king axeth this knight
The vertu of this courser and the might,310
And preyede him to telle his governaunce.
This hors anoon bigan to trippe and daunce,
Whan that this knight leyde hand up-on his reyne,
And seyde, ‘sir, ther is na-more to seyne,
But, whan yow list to ryden any-where,315
Ye moten trille a pin, stant in his ere,
Which I shall telle yow bitwix vs two.
Ye mote nempne him to what place also(310)
Or to what contree that yow list to ryde.
And whan ye come ther as yow list abyde,320
Bidde him descende, and trille another pin,
For ther-in lyth the effect of al the gin,
And he wol doun descende and doon your wille;
And in that place he wol abyde stille,
Though al the world the contrarie hadde y-swore;325
He shal nat thennes ben y-drawe ne y-bore.
Or, if yow liste bidde him thennes goon,
Trille this pin, and he wol vanishe anoon(320)
Out of the sighte of every maner wight,
And come agayn, be it by day or night,330
When that yow list to clepen him ageyn
In swich a gyse as I shal to yow seyn
Bitwixe yow and me, and that ful sone.
Ryde whan yow list, ther is na-more to done.’
Enformed whan the king was of that knight,335
And hath conceyved in his wit aright
The maner and the forme of al this thing,
Thus glad and blythe, this noble doughty king (330)
Repeireth to his revel as biforn.
The brydel is un-to the tour y-born,340
And kept among his Iewels leve and dere.
The hors vanisshed, I noot in what manere,
Out of hir sighte; ye gete na-more of me.
But thus I lete in lust and Iolitee
This Cambynskan his lordes festeyinge,345
Til wel ny the day bigan to springe.

Explicit prima pars. Sequitur pars secunda.

The norice of digestioun, the slepe,
Gan on hem winke, and bad hem taken kepe,(340)
That muchel drink and labour wolde han reste;
And with a galping mouth hem alle he keste,350
And seyde, ‘it was tyme to lye adoun,
For blood was in his dominacioun;
Cherissheth blood, natures freend,’ quod he.
They thanken him galpinge, by two, by three,
And every wight gan drawe him to his reste,355
As slepe hem bad; they toke it for the beste.
Hir dremes shul nat been y-told for me;
Ful were hir hedes of fumositee,(350)
That causeth dreem, of which ther nis no charge.
They slepen til that it was pryme large,360
The moste part, but it were Canacee;
She was ful mesurable, as wommen be.
For of hir fader hadde she take leve
To gon to reste, sone after it was eve;
Hir liste nat appalled for to be,365
Nor on the morwe unfestlich for to see;
And slepte hir firste sleep, and thanne awook.
For swich a Ioye she in hir herte took(360)
Both of hir queynte ring and hir mirour,
That twenty tyme she changed hir colour;370
And in hir slepe, right for impressioun
Of hir mirour, she hadde a visioun.
Wherfore, er that the sonne gan up glyde,
She cleped on hir maistresse hir bisyde,
And seyde, that hir liste for to ryse.375
Thise olde wommen that been gladly wyse,
As is hir maistresse, answerde hir anoon,
And seyde, ‘madame, whider wil ye goon(370)
Thus erly? for the folk ben alle on reste.’
‘I wol,’ quod she, ‘aryse, for me leste380
No lenger for to slepe, and walke aboute.’
Hir maistresse clepeth wommen a gret route,
And up they rysen, wel a ten or twelve;
Up ryseth fresshe Canacee hir-selve,
As rody and bright as dooth the yonge sonne,385
That in the Ram is four degrees up-ronne;
Noon hyer was he, whan she redy was;
And forth she walketh esily a pas,(380)
Arrayed after the lusty seson sote
Lightly, for to pleye and walke on fote;390
Nat but with fyve or six of hir meynee;
And in a trench, forth in the park, goth she.
The vapour, which that fro the erthe glood,
Made the sonne to seme rody and brood;
But nathelees, it was so fair a sighte395
That it made alle hir hertes for to lighte,
What for the seson and the morweninge,
And for the foules that she herde singe;(390)
For right anon she wiste what they mente
Right by hir song, and knew al hir entente.400
The knotte, why that every tale is told,
If it be taried til that lust be cold
Of hem that han it after herkned yore,
The savour passeth ever lenger the more,
For fulsomnesse of his prolixitee.405
And by the same reson thinketh me,
I sholde to the knotte condescende,
And maken of hir walking sone an ende.(400)
Amidde a tree fordrye, as whyt as chalk,
As Canacee was pleying in hir walk,410
Ther sat a faucon over hir heed ful hye,
That with a pitous voys so gan to crye
That all the wode resouned of hir cry.
Y-beten hath she hir-self so pitously
With bothe hir winges, til the rede blood415
Ran endelong the tree ther-as she stood.
And ever in oon she cryde alwey and shrighte,
And with hir beek hir-selven so she prighte,(410)
That ther nis tygre, ne noon so cruel beste,
That dwelleth either in wode or in foreste 420
That nolde han wept, if that he wepe coude,
For sorwe of hir, she shrighte alwey so loude.
For ther nas never yet no man on lyve—
If that I coude a faucon wel discryve—
That herde of swich another of fairnesse,425
As wel of plumage as of gentillesse
Of shap, and al that mighte y-rekened be.
A faucon peregryn than semed she(420)
Of fremde land; and evermore, as she stood,
She swowneth now and now for lakke of blood,430
Til wel neigh is she fallen fro the tree.
This faire kinges doghter, Canacee,
That on hir finger bar the queynte ring,
Thurgh which she understood wel every thing
That any foul may in his ledene seyn,435
And coude answere him in his ledene ageyn,
Hath understonde what this faucon seyde,
And wel neigh for the rewthe almost she deyde.(430)
And to the tree she gooth ful hastily,
And on this faucon loketh pitously,440
And heeld hir lappe abrood, for wel she wiste
The faucon moste fallen fro the twiste,
When that it swowned next, for lakke of blood.
A longe while to wayten hir she stood
Till atte laste she spak in this manere445
Un-to the hauk, as ye shul after here.
‘What is the cause, if it be for to telle,
That ye be in this furial pyne of helle?’(440)
Quod Canacee un-to this hauk above.
‘Is this for sorwe of deeth or los of love?450
For, as I trowe, thise ben causes two
That causen moost a gentil herte wo;
Of other harm it nedeth nat to speke.
For ye your-self upon your-self yow wreke,
Which proveth wel, that either love or drede 455
Mot been encheson of your cruel dede,
Sin that I see non other wight yow chace.
For love of god, as dooth your-selven grace(450)
Or what may ben your help; for west nor eest
Ne sey I never er now no brid ne beest 460
That ferde with him-self so pitously.
Ye sle me with your sorwe, verraily;
I have of yow so gret compassioun.
For goddes love, com fro the tree adoun;
And, as I am a kinges doghter trewe,465
If that I verraily the cause knewe
Of your disese, if it lay in my might,
I wolde amende it, er that it were night,(460)
As wisly helpe me gret god of kinde!
And herbes shal I right y-nowe y-finde470
To hele with your hurtes hastily.’
Tho shrighte this faucon more pitously
Than ever she dide, and fil to grounde anoon,
And lyth aswowne, deed, and lyk a stoon,
Til Canacee hath in hir lappe hir take475
Un-to the tyme she gan of swough awake.
And, after that she of hir swough gan breyde,
Right in hir haukes ledene thus she seyde:—(470)
‘That pitee renneth sone in gentil herte,
Feling his similitude in peynes smerte,480
Is preved al-day, as men may it see,
As wel by werk as by auctoritee;
For gentil herte kytheth gentillesse.
I see wel, that ye han of my distresse
Compassioun, my faire Canacee,485
Of verray wommanly benignitee
That nature in your principles hath set.
But for non hope for to fare the bet,(480)
But for to obeye un-to your herte free,
And for to maken other be war by me,490
As by the whelp chasted is the leoun,
Right for that cause and that conclusioun,
Whyl that I have a leyser and a space,
Myn harm I wol confessen, er I pace.’
And ever, whyl that oon hir sorwe tolde,495
That other weep, as she to water wolde,
Til that the faucon bad hir to be stille;
And, with a syk, right thus she seyde hir wille.(490)
‘Ther I was bred (allas! that harde day!)
And fostred in a roche of marbul gray500
So tendrely, that nothing eyled me,
I niste nat what was adversitee,
Til I coude flee ful hye under the sky.
Tho dwelte a tercelet me faste by,
That semed welle of alle gentillesse;505
Al were he ful of treson and falsnesse,
It was so wrapped under humble chere,
And under hewe of trouthe in swich manere,(500)
Under plesance, and under bisy peyne,
That no wight coude han wend he coude feyne,510
So depe in greyn he dyed his coloures.
Right as a serpent hit him under floures
Til he may seen his tyme for to byte,
Right so this god of love, this ypocryte,
Doth so his cerimonies and obeisaunces,515
And kepeth in semblant alle his observances
That sowneth in-to gentillesse of love.
As in a toumbe is al the faire above,(510)
And under is the corps, swich as ye woot,
Swich was this ypocryte, bothe cold and hoot,520
And in this wyse he served his entente,
That (save the feend) non wiste what he mente.
Til he so longe had wopen and compleyned,
And many a yeer his service to me feyned,
Til that myn herte, to pitous and to nyce,525
Al innocent of his crouned malice,
For-fered of his deeth, as thoughte me,
Upon his othes and his seuretee,(520)
Graunted him love, on this condicioun,
That evermore myn honour and renoun530
Were saved, bothe privee and apert;
This is to seyn, that, after his desert,
I yaf him al myn herte and al my thoght—
God woot and he, that otherwyse noght—
And took his herte in chaunge for myn for ay.535
But sooth is seyd, gon sithen many a day,
“A trew wight and a theef thenken nat oon.”
And, whan he saugh the thing so fer y-goon,(530)
That I had graunted him fully my love,
In swich a gyse as I have seyd above,540
And yeven him my trewe herte, as free
As he swoor he his herte yaf to me;
Anon this tygre, ful of doublenesse,
Fil on his knees with so devout humblesse,
With so heigh reverence, and, as by his chere,545
So lyk a gentil lovere of manere,
So ravisshed, as it semed, for the Ioye,
That never Iason, ne Parys of Troye,(540)
Iason? certes, ne non other man,
Sin Lameth was, that alderfirst bigan550
To loven two, as writen folk biforn,
Ne never, sin the firste man was born,
Ne coude man, by twenty thousand part,
Countrefete the sophimes of his art;
Ne were worthy unbokele his galoche,555
Ther doublenesse or feyning sholde approche,
Ne so coude thanke a wight as he did me!
His maner was an heven for to see(550)
Til any womman, were she never so wys;
So peynted he and kembde at point-devys560
As wel his wordes as his contenaunce.
And I so lovede him for his obeisaunce,
And for the trouthe I demed in his herte,
That, if so were that any thing him smerte,
Al were it never so lyte, and I it wiste,565
Me thoughte, I felte deeth myn herte twiste.
And shortly, so ferforth this thing is went,
That my wil was his willes instrument;(560)
This is to seyn, my wil obeyed his wil
In alle thing, as fer as reson fil,570
Keping the boundes of my worship ever.
Ne never hadde I thing so leef, ne lever,
As him, god woot! ne never shal na-mo.
This lasteth lenger than a yeer or two,
That I supposed of him noght but good.575
But fynally, thus atte laste it stood,
That fortune wolde that he moste twinne
Out of that place which that I was inne(570)
Wher me was wo, that is no questioun;
I can nat make of it discripcioun;580
For o thing dar I tellen boldely,
I knowe what is the peyne of deth ther-by;
Swich harm I felte for he ne mighte bileve.
So on a day of me he took his leve,
So sorwefully eek, that I wende verraily 585
That he had felt as muche harm as I,
Whan that I herde him speke, and saugh his hewe.
But nathelees, I thoughte he was so trewe,(580)
And eek that he repaire sholde ageyn
With-inne a litel whyle, sooth to seyn;590
And reson wolde eek that he moste go
For his honour, as ofte it happeth so,
That I made vertu of necessitee,
And took it wel, sin that it moste be.
As I best mighte, I hidde fro him my sorwe,595
And took him by the hond, seint Iohn to borwe,
And seyde him thus: “lo, I am youres al;
Beth swich as I to yow have been, and shal.”(590)
What he answerde, it nedeth noght reherce,
Who can sey bet than he, who can do werse?600
Whan he hath al wel seyd, thanne hath he doon.
“Therfor bihoveth him a ful long spoon
That shal ete with a feend,” thus herde I seye.
So atte laste he moste forth his weye,
And forth he fleeth, til he cam ther him leste.605
Whan it cam him to purpos for to reste,
I trowe he hadde thilke text in minde,
That “alle thing, repeiring to his kinde,(600)
Gladeth him-self”; thus seyn men, as I gesse;
Men loven of propre kinde newfangelnesse,610
As briddes doon that men in cages fede.
For though thou night and day take of hem hede,
And strawe hir cage faire and softe as silk,
And yeve hem sugre, hony, breed and milk,
Yet right anon, as that his dore is uppe,615
He with his feet wol spurne adoun his cuppe,
And to the wode he wol and wormes ete;
So newefangel been they of hir mete,(610)
And loven novelryes of propre kinde;
No gentillesse of blood [ne] may hem binde.620
So ferde this tercelet, allas the day!
Though he were gentil born, and fresh and gay,
And goodly for to seen, and humble and free,
He saugh up-on a tyme a kyte flee,
And sodeynly he loved this kyte so,625
That al his love is clene fro me ago,
And hath his trouthe falsed in this wyse;
Thus hath the kyte my love in hir servyse,(620)
And I am lorn with-outen remedye!’
And with that word this faucon gan to crye,630
And swowned eft in Canaceės barme.
Greet was the sorwe, for the haukes harme,
That Canacee and alle hir wommen made;
They niste how they mighte the faucon glade.
But Canacee hom bereth hir in hir lappe,635
And softely in plastres gan hir wrappe,
Ther as she with hir beek had hurt hir-selve.
Now can nat Canacee but herbes delve(630)
Out of the grounde, and make salves newe
Of herbes precious, and fyne of hewe,640
To helen with this hauk; fro day to night
She dooth hir bisinesse and al hir might.
And by hir beddes heed she made a mewe,
And covered it with veluėttes blewe,
In signe of trouthe that is in wommen sene.645
And al with-oute, the mewe is peynted grene,
In which were peynted alle thise false foules,
As beth thise tidifs, tercelets, and oules,(640)
Right for despyt were peynted hem bisyde,
And pyes, on hem for to crye and chyde.650
Thus lete I Canacee hir hauk keping;
I wol na-more as now speke of hir ring,
Til it come eft to purpos for to seyn
How that this faucon gat hir love ageyn
Repentant, as the storie telleth us,655
By mediacioun of Cambalus,
The kinges sone, of whiche I yow tolde.
But hennes-forth I wol my proces holde(650)
To speke of aventures and of batailles,
That never yet was herd so grete mervailles.660
First wol I telle yow of Cambynskan,
That in his tyme many a citee wan;
And after wol I speke of Algarsyf,
How that he wan Theodora to his wyf,
For whom ful ofte in greet peril he was,665
Ne hadde he ben holpen by the stede of bras;
And after wol I speke of Cambalo,
That faught in listes with the bretheren two(660)
For Canacee, er that he mighte hir winne.
And ther I lefte I wol ageyn biginne.670

Explicit secunda pars. Incipit pars tercia.

Appollo whirleth up his char so hye,
[T. om.
Til that the god Mercurius hous the slye—
[T. om.
. . . . . . . . . .

Here folwen the wordes of the Frankelin to the Squier, and the wordes of the Host to the Frankelin.

‘In feith, Squier, thou hast thee wel y-quit,
And gentilly I preise wel thy wit,’
Quod the Frankeleyn, ‘considering thy youthe,675
So feelingly thou spekest, sir, I allow the!
As to my doom, there is non that is here
Of eloquence that shal be thy pere,
If that thou live; god yeve thee good chaunce,
And in vertu sende thee continuaunce!680
For of thy speche I have greet deyntee.
I have a sone, and, by the Trinitee,(10)
I hadde lever than twenty pound worth lond,
Though it right now were fallen in myn hond,
He were a man of swich discrecioun685
As that ye been! fy on possessioun
But-if a man be vertuous with-al.
I have my sone snibbed, and yet shal,
For he to vertu listeth nat entende;
But for to pleye at dees, and to despende,690
And lese al that he hath, is his usage.
And he hath lever talken with a page(20)
Than to comune with any gentil wight
Ther he mighte lerne gentillesse aright.’
‘Straw for your gentillesse,’ quod our host;695
‘What, frankeleyn? pardee, sir, wel thou wost
That eche of yow mot tellen arte leste
A tale or two, or breken his biheste.’
‘That knowe I wel, sir,’ quod the frankeleyn;
‘I prey yow, haveth me nat in desdeyn700
Though to this man I speke a word or two.’
‘Telle on thy tale with-outen wordes mo.’(30)
‘Gladly, sir host,’ quod he, ‘I wol obeye
Un-to your wil; now herkneth what I seye.
I wol yow nat contrarien in no wyse705
As fer as that my wittes wol suffyse;
I prey to god that it may plesen yow,
Than woot I wel that it is good y-now.’

[The Frankleyn’s Prologue follows immediately; see p. 482]

THE FRANKLIN’S PROLOGUE.
(T. 11021-11040).

The Prologe of the Frankeleyns Tale.

[This Prologue follows immediately after the Words on p. 481.]

THISE olde gentil Britons in hir dayes
Of diverse aventures maden layes,710
Rymeyed in hir firste Briton tonge;
Which layes with hir instruments they songe,(40)
Or elles redden hem for hir plesaunce;
And oon of hem have I in remembraunce,
Which I shal seyn with good wil as I can.715
But, sires, by-cause I am a burel man,
At my biginning first I yow biseche
Have me excused of my rude speche;
I lerned never rethoryk certeyn;
Thing that I speke, it moot be bare and pleyn.720
I sleep never on the mount of Pernaso,
Ne lerned Marcus Tullius Cithero.(50)
Colours ne knowe I none, with-outen drede,
But swiche colours as growen in the mede,
Or elles swiche as men dye or peynte.725
Colours of rethoryk ben me to queynte;
My spirit feleth noght of swich matere.
But if yow list, my tale shul ye here.

THE FRANKELEYNS TALE.

Here biginneth the Frankeleyns Tale.

IN Armorik, that called is Britayne,
Ther was a knight that loved and dide his payne730
To serve a lady in his beste wyse;
And many a labour, many a greet empryse
He for his lady wroghte, er she were wonne.
For she was oon, the faireste under sonne,
And eek therto come of so heigh kinrede,735
That wel unnethes dorste this knight, for drede,
Telle hir his wo, his peyne, and his distresse.
But atte laste, she, for his worthinesse,(10)
And namely for his meke obeysaunce,
Hath swich a pitee caught of his penaunce,740
That prively she fil of his accord
To take him for hir housbonde and hir lord,
Of swich lordshipe as men han over hir wyves;
And for to lede the more in blisse hir lyves,
Of his free wil he swoor hir as a knight,745
That never in al his lyf he, day ne night,
Ne sholde up-on him take no maistrye
Agayn hir wil, ne kythe hir Ialousye,(20)
But hir obeye, and folwe hir wil in al
As any lovere to his lady shal;750
Save that the name of soveraynetee,
That wolde he have for shame of his degree.
She thanked him, and with ful greet humblesse
She seyde, ‘sire, sith of your gentillesse
Ye profre me to have so large a reyne,755
Ne wolde never god bitwixe us tweyne,
As in my gilt, were outher werre or stryf.
Sir, I wol be your humble trewe wyf,(30)
Have heer my trouthe, til that myn herte breste.’
Thus been they bothe in quiete and in reste.760
For o thing, sires, saufly dar I seye,
That frendes everich other moot obeye,
If they wol longe holden companye.
Love wol nat ben constreyned by maistrye;
Whan maistrie comth, the god of love anon765
Beteth hise winges, and farewel! he is gon!
Love is a thing as any spirit free;
Wommen of kinde desiren libertee,(40)
And nat to ben constreyned as a thral;
And so don men, if I soth seyen shal.770
Loke who that is most pacient in love,
He is at his avantage al above.
Pacience is an heigh vertu certeyn;
For it venquisseth, as thise clerkes seyn,
Thinges that rigour sholde never atteyne.775
For every word men may nat chyde or pleyne.
Lerneth to suffre, or elles, so moot I goon,
Ye shul it lerne, wher-so ye wole or noon.(50)
For in this world, certein, ther no wight is,
That he ne dooth or seith som-tyme amis.780
Ire, siknesse, or constellacioun,
Wyn, wo, or chaunginge of complexioun
Causeth ful ofte to doon amis or speken.
On every wrong a man may nat be wreken;
After the tyme, moste be temperaunce785
To every wight that can on governaunce.
And therfore hath this wyse worthy knight,
To live in ese, suffrance hir bihight,(60)
And she to him ful wisly gan to swere
That never sholde ther be defaute in here.790
Heer may men seen an humble wys accord;
Thus hath she take hir servant and hir lord,
Servant in love, and lord in mariage;
Than was he bothe in lordship and servage;
Servage? nay, but in lordshipe above,795
Sith he hath bothe his lady and his love;
His lady, certes, and his wyf also,
The which that lawe of love acordeth to.(70)
And whan he was in this prosperitee,
Hoom with his wyf he gooth to his contree,800
Nat fer fro Penmark, ther his dwelling was,
Wher-as he liveth in blisse and in solas.
Who coude telle, but he had wedded be,
The Ioye, the ese, and the prosperitee
That is bitwixe an housbonde and his wyf?805
A yeer and more lasted this blisful lyf,
Til that the knight of which I speke of thus,
That of Kayrrud was cleped Arveragus,(80)
Shoop him to goon, and dwelle a yeer or tweyne
In Engelond, that cleped was eek Briteyne,810
To seke in armes worship and honour;
For al his lust he sette in swich labour;
And dwelled ther two yeer, the book seith thus.
Now wol I stinte of this Arveragus,
And speken I wole of Dorigene his wyf,815
That loveth hir housbonde as hir hertes lyf.
For his absence wepeth she and syketh,
As doon thise noble wyves whan hem lyketh.(90)
She moorneth, waketh, wayleth, fasteth, pleyneth;
Desyr of his presence hir so distreyneth,820
That al this wyde world she sette at noght.
Hir frendes, whiche that knewe hir hevy thoght,
Conforten hir in al that ever they may;
They prechen hir, they telle hir night and day,
That causelees she sleeth hir-self, allas!825
And every confort possible in this cas
They doon to hir with al hir bisinesse,
Al for to make hir leve hir hevinesse.(100)
By proces, as ye knowen everichoon,
Men may so longe graven in a stoon,830
Til som figure ther-inne emprented be.
So longe han they conforted hir, til she
Receyved hath, by hope and by resoun,
The emprenting of hir consolacioun,
Thurgh which hir grete sorwe gan aswage;835
She may nat alwey duren in swich rage.
And eek Arveragus, in al this care,
Hath sent hir lettres hoom of his welfare,(110)
And that he wol come hastily agayn;
Or elles hadde this sorwe hir herte slayn.840
Hir freendes sawe hir sorwe gan to slake,
And preyede hir on knees, for goddes sake,
To come and romen hir in companye,
Awey to dryve hir derke fantasye.
And finally, she graunted that requeste;845
For wel she saugh that it was for the beste.
Now stood hir castel faste by the see,
And often with hir freendes walketh she(120)
Hir to disporte up-on the bank an heigh,
Wher-as she many a ship and barge seigh850
Seilinge hir cours, wher-as hem liste go;
But than was that a parcel of hir wo.
For to hir-self ful ofte ‘allas!’ seith she,
‘Is ther no ship, of so manye as I see,
Wol bringen hom my lord? than were myn herte855
Al warisshed of his bittre peynes smerte.’
Another tyme ther wolde she sitte and thinke,
And caste hir eyen dounward fro the brinke.(130)
But whan she saugh the grisly rokkes blake,
For verray fere so wolde hir herte quake,860
That on hir feet she mighte hir noght sustene.
Than wolde she sitte adoun upon the grene,
And pitously in-to the see biholde,
And seyn right thus, with sorweful sykes colde:
‘Eterne god, that thurgh thy purveyaunce865
Ledest the world by certein governaunce,
In ydel, as men seyn, ye no-thing make;
But, lord, thise grisly feendly rokkes blake,(140)
That semen rather a foul confusioun
Of werk than any fair creacioun870
Of swich a parfit wys god and a stable,
Why han ye wroght this werk unresonable?
For by this werk, south, north, ne west, ne eest,
Ther nis y-fostred man, ne brid, ne beest;
It dooth no good, to my wit, but anoyeth.875
See ye nat, lord, how mankinde it destroyeth?
An hundred thousand bodies of mankinde
Han rokkes slayn, al be they nat in minde,(150)
Which mankinde is so fair part of thy werk
That thou it madest lyk to thyn owene merk.880
Than semed it ye hadde a greet chiertee
Toward mankinde; but how than may it be
That ye swiche menes make it to destroyen,
Whiche menes do no good, but ever anoyen?
I woot wel clerkes wol seyn, as hem leste,885
By arguments, that al is for the beste,
Though I ne can the causes nat y-knowe.
But thilke god, that made wind to blowe,(160)
As kepe my lord! this my conclusioun;
To clerkes lete I al disputisoun.890
But wolde god that alle thise rokkes blake
Were sonken in-to helle for his sake!
Thise rokkes sleen myn herte for the fere.’
Thus wolde she seyn, with many a pitous tere.
Hir freendes sawe that it was no disport895
To romen by the see, but disconfort;
And shopen for to pleyen somwher elles.
They leden hir by riveres and by welles,(170)
And eek in othere places delitables;
They dauncen, and they pleyen at ches and tables.900
So on a day, right in the morwe-tyde,
Un-to a gardin that was ther bisyde,
In which that they had maad hir ordinaunce
Of vitaille and of other purveyaunce,
They goon and pleye hem al the longe day.905
And this was on the sixte morwe of May,
Which May had peynted with his softe shoures
This gardin ful of leves and of floures;(180)
And craft of mannes hand so curiously
Arrayed hadde this gardin, trewely,910
That never was ther gardin of swich prys,
But-if it were the verray paradys.
The odour of floures and the fresshe sighte
Wolde han maad any herte for to lighte
That ever was born, but-if to gret siknesse,915
Or to gret sorwe helde it in distresse;
So ful it was of beautee with plesaunce.
At-after diner gonne they to daunce,(190)
And singe also, save Dorigen allone,
Which made alwey hir compleint and hir mone;920
For she ne saugh him on the daunce go,
That was hir housbonde and hir love also.
But nathelees she moste a tyme abyde,
And with good hope lete hir sorwe slyde.
Up-on this daunce, amonges othere men,925
Daunced a squyer biforen Dorigen,
That fressher was and Iolyer of array,
As to my doom, than is the monthe of May.(200)
He singeth, daunceth, passinge any man
That is, or was, sith that the world bigan.930
Ther-with he was, if men sholde him discryve,
Oon of the beste faringe man on-lyve;
Yong, strong, right vertuous, and riche and wys,
And wel biloved, and holden in gret prys.
And shortly, if the sothe I tellen shal,935
Unwiting of this Dorigen at al,
This lusty squyer, servant to Venus,
Which that y-cleped was Aurelius,(210)
Had loved hir best of any creature
Two yeer and more, as was his aventure,940
But never dorste he telle hir his grevaunce;
With-outen coppe he drank al his penaunce.
He was despeyred, no-thing dorste he seye,
Save in his songes somwhat wolde he wreye
His wo, as in a general compleyning;945
He seyde he lovede, and was biloved no-thing.
Of swich matere made he manye layes,
Songes, compleintes, roundels, virelayes,(220)
How that he dorste nat his sorwe telle,
But languissheth, as a furie dooth in helle;950
And dye he moste, he seyde, as dide Ekko
For Narcisus, that dorste nat telle hir wo.
In other manere than ye here me seye,
Ne dorste he nat to hir his wo biwreye;
Save that, paraventure, som-tyme at daunces,955
Ther yonge folk kepen hir observaunces,
It may wel be he loked on hir face
In swich a wyse, as man that asketh grace;(230)
But no-thing wiste she of his entente.
Nathelees, it happed, er they thennes wente,960
By-cause that he was hir neighebour,
And was a man of worship and honour,
And hadde y-knowen him of tyme yore,
They fille in speche; and forth more and more
Un-to his purpos drough Aurelius,965
And whan he saugh his tyme, he seyde thus:
‘Madame,’ quod he, ‘by god that this world made,
So that I wiste it mighte your herte glade,(240)
I wolde, that day that your Arveragus
Wente over the see, that I, Aurelius,970
Had went ther never I sholde have come agayn;
For wel I woot my service is in vayn.
My guerdon is but bresting of myn herte;
Madame, reweth upon my peynes smerte;
For with a word ye may me sleen or save,975
Heer at your feet god wolde that I were grave!
I ne have as now no leyser more to seye;
Have mercy, swete, or ye wol do me deye!’(250)
She gan to loke up-on Aurelius:
‘Is this your wil,’ quod she, ‘and sey ye thus?980
Never erst,’ quod she, ‘ne wiste I what ye mente.
But now, Aurelie, I knowe your entente,
By thilke god that yaf me soule and lyf,
Ne shal I never been untrewe wyf
In word ne werk, as fer as I have wit:985
I wol ben his to whom that I am knit;
Tak this for fynal answer as of me.’
But after that in pley thus seyde she:(260)
‘Aurelie,’ quod she, ‘by heighe god above,
Yet wolde I graunte yow to been your love,990
Sin I yow see so pitously complayne;
Loke what day that, endelong Britayne,
Ye remoeve alle the rokkes, stoon by stoon,
That they ne lette ship ne boot to goon—
I seye, whan ye han maad the coost so clene995
Of rokkes, that ther nis no stoon y-sene,
Than wol I love yow best of any man;
Have heer my trouthe in al that ever I can.’(270)
‘Is ther non other grace in yow,’ quod he.
‘No, by that lord,’ quod she, ‘that maked me!1000
For wel I woot that it shal never bityde.
Lat swiche folies out of your herte slyde.
What deyntee sholde a man han in his lyf
For to go love another mannes wyf,
That hath hir body whan so that him lyketh?’1005
Aurelius ful ofte sore syketh;
Wo was Aurelie, whan that he this herde,
And with a sorweful herte he thus answerde:(280)
‘Madame,’ quod he, ‘this were an inpossible!
Than moot I dye of sodein deth horrible.’1010
And with that word he turned him anoon.
Tho come hir othere freendes many oon,
And in the aleyes romeden up and doun,
And no-thing wiste of this conclusioun,
But sodeinly bigonne revel newe1015
Til that the brighte sonne loste his hewe;
For thorisonte hath reft the sonne his light;
This is as muche to seye as it was night.(290)
And hoom they goon in Ioye and in solas,
Save only wrecche Aurelius, allas!1020
He to his hous is goon with sorweful herte;
He seeth he may nat fro his deeth asterte.
Him semed that he felte his herte colde;
Up to the hevene his handes he gan holde,
And on his knowes bare he sette him doun,1025
And in his raving seyde his orisoun.
For verray wo out of his wit he breyde.
He niste what he spak, but thus he seyde;(300)
With pitous herte his pleynt hath he bigonne
Un-to the goddes, and first un-to the sonne:1030
He seyde, ‘Appollo, god and governour
Of every plaunte, herbe, tree and flour,
That yevest, after thy declinacioun,
To ech of hem his tyme and his sesoun,
As thyn herberwe chaungeth lowe or hye,1035
Lord Phebus, cast thy merciable ye
On wrecche Aurelie, which that am but lorn.
Lo, lord! my lady hath my deeth y-sworn(310)
With-oute gilt, but thy benignitee
Upon my dedly herte have som pitee!1040
For wel I woot, lord Phebus, if yow lest,
Ye may me helpen, save my lady, best.
Now voucheth sauf that I may yow devyse
How that I may been holpe and in what wyse.
Your blisful suster, Lucina the shene,1045
That of the see is chief goddesse and quene,
Though Neptunus have deitee in the see,
Yet emperesse aboven him is she:(320)
Ye knowen wel, lord, that right as hir desyr
Is to be quiked and lightned of your fyr,1050
For which she folweth yow ful bisily,
Right so the see desyreth naturelly
To folwen hir, as she that is goddesse
Bothe in the see and riveres more and lesse.
Wherfore, lord Phebus, this is my requeste—1055
Do this miracle, or do myn herte breste—
That now, next at this opposicioun,
Which in the signe shal be of the Leoun,(330)
As preyeth hir so greet a flood to bringe,
That fyve fadme at the leeste it overspringe1060
The hyeste rokke in Armorik Briteyne;
And lat this flood endure yeres tweyne;
Than certes to my lady may I seye:
“Holdeth your heste, the rokkes been aweye.”
Lord Phebus, dooth this miracle for me;1065
Preye hir she go no faster cours than ye;
I seye, preyeth your suster that she go
No faster cours than ye thise yeres two.(340)
Than shal she been evene atte fulle alway,
And spring-flood laste bothe night and day.1070
And, but she vouche-sauf in swiche manere
To graunte me my sovereyn lady dere,
Prey hir to sinken every rok adoun
In-to hir owene derke regioun
Under the ground, ther Pluto dwelleth inne,1075
Or never-mo shal I my lady winne.
Thy temple in Delphos wol I barefoot seke;
Lord Phebus, see the teres on my cheke,(350)
And of my peyne have som compassioun.’
And with that word in swowne he fil adoun,1080
And longe tyme he lay forth in a traunce.
His brother, which that knew of his penaunce,
Up caughte him and to bedde he hath him broght.
Dispeyred in this torment and this thoght
Lete I this woful creature lye;1085
Chese he, for me, whether he wol live or dye.
Arveragus, with hele and greet honour,
As he that was of chivalrye the flour,(360)
Is comen hoom, and othere worthy men.
O blisful artow now, thou Dorigen,1090
That hast thy lusty housbonde in thyne armes,
The fresshe knight, the worthy man of armes,
That loveth thee, as his owene hertes lyf.
No-thing list him to been imaginatyf
If any wight had spoke, whyl he was oute,1095
To hire of love; he hadde of it no doute.
He noght entendeth to no swich matere,
But daunceth, Iusteth, maketh hir good chere;(370)
And thus in Ioye and blisse I lete hem dwelle,
And of the syke Aurelius wol I telle.1100
In langour and in torment furious
Two yeer and more lay wrecche Aurelius,
Er any foot he mighte on erthe goon;
Ne confort in this tyme hadde he noon,
Save of his brother, which that was a clerk;1105
He knew of al this wo and al this werk.
For to non other creature certeyn
Of this matere he dorste no word seyn.(380)
Under his brest he bar it more secree
Than ever dide Pamphilus for Galathee.1110
His brest was hool, with-oute for to sene,
But in his herte ay was the arwe kene.
And wel ye knowe that of a sursanure
In surgerye is perilous the cure,
But men mighte touche the arwe, or come therby.1115
His brother weep and wayled prively,
Til atte laste him fil in remembraunce,
That whyl he was at Orliens in Fraunce,(390)
As yonge clerkes, that been likerous
To reden artes that been curious,1120
Seken in every halke and every herne
Particuler sciences for to lerne,
He him remembred that, upon a day,
At Orliens in studie a book he say
Of magik naturel , which his felawe,1125
That was that tyme a bacheler of lawe,
Al were he ther to lerne another craft,
Had prively upon his desk y-laft;(400)
Which book spak muchel of the operaciouns,
Touchinge the eighte and twenty mansiouns1130
That longen to the mone, and swich folye,
As in our dayes is nat worth a flye;
For holy chirches feith in our bileve
Ne suffreth noon illusion us to greve.
And whan this book was in his remembraunce,1135
Anon for Ioye his herte gan to daunce,
And to him-self he seyde prively:
‘My brother shal be warisshed hastily;(410)
For I am siker that ther be sciences,
By whiche men make diverse apparences1140
Swiche as thise subtile tregetoures pleye.
For ofte at festes have I wel herd seye,
That tregetours, with-inne an halle large,
Have maad come in a water and a barge,
And in the halle rowen up and doun.1145
Somtyme hath semed come a grim leoun;
And somtyme floures springe as in a mede;
Somtyme a vyne, and grapes whyte and rede;(420)
Somtyme a castel, al of lym and stoon;
And whan hem lyked, voyded it anoon.1150
Thus semed it to every mannes sighte.
Now than conclude I thus, that if I mighte
At Orliens som old felawe y-finde,
That hadde this mones mansions in minde,
Or other magik naturel above,1155
He sholde wel make my brother han his love.
For with an apparence a clerk may make
To mannes sighte, that alle the rokkes blake(430)
Of Britaigne weren y-voyded everichon,
And shippes by the brinke comen and gon,1160
And in swich forme endure a day or two;
Than were my brother warisshed of his wo.
Than moste she nedes holden hir biheste,
Or elles he shal shame hir atte leste.’
What sholde I make a lenger tale of this?1165
Un-to his brotheres bed he comen is,
And swich confort he yaf him for to gon
To Orliens, that he up stirte anon,(440)
And on his wey forthward thanne is he fare,
In hope for to ben lissed of his care.1170
Whan they were come almost to that citee,
But-if it were a two furlong or three,
A yong clerk rominge by him-self they mette,
Which that in Latin thriftily hem grette,
And after that he seyde a wonder thing:1175
‘I knowe,’ quod he, ‘the cause of your coming’;
And er they ferther any fote wente,
He tolde hem al that was in hir entente.(450)
This Briton clerk him asked of felawes
The whiche that he had knowe in olde dawes;1180
And he answerde him that they dede were,
For which he weep ful ofte many a tere.
Doun of his hors Aurelius lighte anon,
And forth with this magicien is he gon
Hoom to his hous, and made hem wel at ese.1185
Hem lakked no vitaille that mighte hem plese;
So wel arrayed hous as ther was oon
Aurelius in his lyf saugh never noon.(460)
He shewed him, er he wente to sopeer,
Forestes, parkes ful of wilde deer;1190
Ther saugh he hertes with hir hornes hye,
The gretteste that ever were seyn with ye.
He saugh of hem an hondred slayn with houndes,
And somme with arwes blede of bittre woundes.
He saugh, whan voided were thise wilde deer,1195
Thise fauconers upon a fair river,
That with hir haukes han the heron slayn.
Tho saugh he knightes Iusting in a playn;(470)
And after this, he dide him swich plesaunce,
That he him shewed his lady on a daunce1200
On which him-self he daunced, as him thoughte.
And whan this maister, that this magik wroughte,
Saugh it was tyme, he clapte his handes two,
And farewel! al our revel was ago.
And yet remoeved they never out of the hous,1205
Whyl they saugh al this sighte merveillous,
But in his studie, ther-as his bookes be,
They seten stille, and no wight but they three.(480)
To him this maister called his squyer,
And seyde him thus: ‘is redy our soper?1210
Almost an houre it is, I undertake,
Sith I yow bad our soper for to make,
Whan that thise worthy men wenten with me
In-to my studie, ther-as my bookes be.’
‘Sire,’ quod this squyer, ‘whan it lyketh yow,1215
It is al redy, though ye wol right now.’
‘Go we than soupe,’ quod he, ‘as for the beste;
This amorous folk som-tyme mote han reste.’(490)
At-after soper fille they in tretee,
What somme sholde this maistres guerdon be,1220
To remoeven alle the rokkes of Britayne,
And eek from Gerounde to the mouth of Sayne.
He made it straunge, and swoor, so god him save,
Lasse than a thousand pound he wolde nat have,
Ne gladly for that somme he wolde nat goon.1225
Aurelius, with blisful herte anoon,
Answerde thus, ‘fy on a thousand pound!
This wyde world, which that men seye is round,(500)
I wolde it yeve, if I were lord of it.
This bargayn is ful drive, for we ben knit.1230
Ye shal be payed trewely, by my trouthe!
But loketh now, for no necligence or slouthe,
Ye tarie us heer no lenger than to-morwe.’
‘Nay,’ quod this clerk, ‘have heer my feith to borwe.’
To bedde is goon Aurelius whan him leste,1235
And wel ny al that night he hadde his reste;
What for his labour and his hope of blisse,
His woful herte of penaunce hadde a lisse.(510)
Upon the morwe, whan that it was day,
To Britaigne toke they the righte way,1240
Aurelius, and this magicien bisyde,
And been descended ther they wolde abyde;
And this was, as the bokes me remembre,
The colde frosty seson of Decembre.
Phebus wex old, and hewed lyk latoun,1245
That in his hote declinacioun
Shoon as the burned gold with stremes brighte;
But now in Capricorn adoun he lighte,(520)
Wher-as he shoon ful pale, I dar wel seyn.
The bittre frostes, with the sleet and reyn,1250
Destroyed hath the grene in every yerd.
Ianus sit by the fyr, with double berd,
And drinketh of his bugle-horn the wyn.
Biforn him stant braun of the tusked swyn,
And “Nowel” cryeth every lusty man.1255
Aurelius, in al that ever he can,
Doth to his maister chere and reverence,
And preyeth him to doon his diligence(530)
To bringen him out of his peynes smerte,
Or with a swerd that he wolde slitte his herte.1260
This subtil clerk swich routhe had of this man,
That night and day he spedde him that he can,
To wayte a tyme of his conclusioun;
This is to seye, to make illusioun,
By swich an apparence or Iogelrye,1265
I ne can no termes of astrologye,
That she and every wight sholde wene and seye,
That of Britaigne the rokkes were aweye,(540)
Or elles they were sonken under grounde.
So atte laste he hath his tyme y-founde1270
To maken his Iapes and his wrecchednesse
Of swich a supersticious cursednesse.
His tables Toletanes forth he broght,
Ful wel corrected, ne ther lakked noght,
Neither his collect ne his expans yeres,1275
Ne his rotes ne his othere geres,
As been his centres and his arguments,
And his proporcionels convenients(550)
For his equacions in every thing.
And, by his eighte spere in his wirking,1280
He knew ful wel how fer Alnath was shove
Fro the heed of thilke fixe Aries above
That in the ninthe speere considered is;
Ful subtilly he calculed al this.
Whan he had founde his firste mansioun,1285
He knew the remenant by proporcioun;
And knew the arysing of his mone weel,
And in whos face, and terme, and every-deel;(560)
And knew ful weel the mones mansioun
Acordaunt to his operacioun,1290
And knew also his othere observaunces
For swiche illusiouns and swiche meschaunces
As hethen folk used in thilke dayes;
For which no lenger maked he delayes,
But thurgh his magik, for a wyke or tweye,1295
It semed that alle the rokkes were aweye.
Aurelius, which that yet despeired is
Wher he shal han his love or fare amis,(570)
Awaiteth night and day on this miracle;
And whan he knew that ther was noon obstacle,1300
That voided were thise rokkes everichon,
Doun to his maistres feet he fil anon,
And seyde, ‘I woful wrecche, Aurelius,
Thanke yow, lord, and lady myn Venus,
That me han holpen fro my cares colde:’1305
And to the temple his wey forth hath he holde,
Wher-as he knew he sholde his lady see.
And whan he saugh his tyme, anon-right he,(580)
With dredful herte and with ful humble chere,
Salewed hath his sovereyn lady dere:1310
‘My righte lady,’ quod this woful man,
‘Whom I most drede and love as I best can,
And lothest were of al this world displese,
Nere it that I for yow have swich disese,
That I moste dyen heer at your foot anon,1315
Noght wolde I telle how me is wo bigon;
But certes outher moste I dye or pleyne;
Ye slee me giltelees for verray peyne.(590)
But of my deeth, thogh that ye have no routhe,
Avyseth yow, er that ye breke your trouthe.1320
Repenteth yow, for thilke god above,
Er ye me sleen by-cause that I yow love.
For, madame, wel ye woot what ye han hight;
Nat that I chalange any thing of right
Of yow my sovereyn lady, but your grace;1325
But in a gardin yond, at swich a place,
Ye woot right wel what ye bihighten me;
And in myn hand your trouthe plighten ye(600)
To love me best, god woot, ye seyde so,
Al be that I unworthy be therto.1330
Madame, I speke it for the honour of yow,
More than to save myn hertes lyf right now;
I have do so as ye comanded me;
And if ye vouche-sauf, ye may go see.
Doth as yow list, have your biheste in minde,1335
For quik or deed, right ther ye shul me finde;
In yow lyth al, to do me live or deye;—
But wel I woot the rokkes been aweye!’(610)
He taketh his leve, and she astonied stood,
In al hir face nas a drope of blood;1340
She wende never han come in swich a trappe:
‘Allas!’ quod she, ‘that ever this sholde happe!
For wende I never, by possibilitee,
That swich a monstre or merveille mighte be!
It is agayns the proces of nature’:1345
And hoom she gooth a sorweful creature.
For verray fere unnethe may she go,
She wepeth, wailleth, al a day or two,(620)
And swowneth, that it routhe was to see;
But why it was, to no wight tolde she;1350
For out of toune was goon Arveragus.
But to hir-self she spak, and seyde thus,
With face pale and with ful sorweful chere,
In hir compleynt, as ye shul after here:
‘Allas,’ quod she, ‘on thee, Fortune, I pleyne,1355
That unwar wrapped hast me in thy cheyne;
For which, tescape, woot I no socour
Save only deeth or elles dishonour;(630)
Oon of thise two bihoveth me to chese.
But nathelees, yet have I lever to lese1360
My lyf than of my body have a shame,
Or knowe my-selven fals, or lese my name,
And with my deth I may be quit, y-wis.
Hath ther nat many a noble wyf, er this,
And many a mayde y-slayn hir-self, allas!1365
Rather than with hir body doon trespas?
Yis, certes, lo, thise stories beren witnesse;
Whan thretty tyraunts, ful of cursednesse,(640)
Had slayn Phidoun in Athenes, atte feste,
They comanded his doghtres for tareste,1370
And bringen hem biforn hem in despyt
Al naked, to fulfille hir foul delyt,
And in hir fadres blood they made hem daunce
Upon the pavement , god yeve hem mischaunce!
For which thise woful maydens, ful of drede,1375
Rather than they wolde lese hir maydenhede,
They prively ben stirt in-to a welle,
And dreynte hem-selven, as the bokes telle.(650)
They of Messene lete enquere and seke
Of Lacedomie fifty maydens eke,1380
On whiche they wolden doon hir lecherye;
But was ther noon of al that companye
That she nas slayn, and with a good entente
Chees rather for to dye than assente
To been oppressed of hir maydenhede.1385
Why sholde I thanne to dye been in drede?
Lo, eek, the tiraunt Aristoclides
That loved a mayden, heet Stimphalides,(660)
Whan that hir fader slayn was on a night,
Un-to Dianes temple goth she right,1390
And hente the image in hir handes two,
Fro which image wolde she never go.
No wight ne mighte hir handes of it arace,
Til she was slayn right in the selve place.
Now sith that maydens hadden swich despyt1395
To been defouled with mannes foul delyt,
Wel oghte a wyf rather hir-selven slee
Than be defouled, as it thinketh me.(670)
What shal I seyn of Hasdrubales wyf,
That at Cartage birafte hir-self hir lyf?1400
For whan she saugh that Romayns wan the toun,
She took hir children alle, and skipte adoun
In-to the fyr, and chees rather to dye
Than any Romayn dide hir vileinye.
Hath nat Lucresse y-slayn hir-self, allas!1405
At Rome, whanne she oppressed was
Of Tarquin, for hir thoughte it was a shame
To liven whan she hadde lost hir name?(680)
The sevene maydens of Milesie also
Han slayn hem-self, for verray drede and wo,1410
Rather than folk of Gaule hem sholde oppresse.
Mo than a thousand stories, as I gesse,
Coude I now telle as touchinge this matere.
Whan Habradate was slayn, his wyf so dere
Hirselven slow, and leet hir blood to glyde1415
In Habradates woundes depe and wyde,
And seyde, “my body, at the leeste way,
Ther shal no wight defoulen, if I may.”(690)
What sholde I mo ensamples heer-of sayn,
Sith that so manye han hem-selven slayn1420
Wel rather than they wolde defouled be?
I wol conclude, that it is bet for me
To sleen my-self, than been defouled thus.
I wol be trewe un-to Arveragus,
Or rather sleen my-self in som manere,1425
As dide Demociones doghter dere,
By-cause that she wolde nat defouled be.
O Cedasus! it is ful greet pitee,(700)
To reden how thy doghtren deyde, allas!
That slowe hem-selven for swich maner cas.1430
As greet a pitee was it, or wel more,
The Theban mayden, that for Nichanore
Hir-selven slow, right for swich maner wo.
Another Theban mayden dide right so;
For oon of Macedoine hadde hir oppressed,1435
She with hir deeth hir maydenhede redressed.
What shal I seye of Nicerates wyf,
That for swich cas birafte hir-self hir lyf?(710)
How trewe eek was to Alcebiades
His love, that rather for to dyen chees
Here is ended the Frankeleyns Tale.

[629. ]Cp. Pt. Hl. bremston.

[632. ]E. the; rest his.

[652. ]E. Ln. Hl. And; rest Ful.

[655. ]Cm. Cp. erche-; E. erce-; Hl. arche-.

[660. ]Cp. Ln. him; Hl. Pt. to; rest om.

[661. ]Hl. Pt. saueth; E. sauith.

[663. ]Hl. owne; E. owene.

[668. ]E bokeleer.

[669. ]E. was; rest rood, rode.

[670. ]E. Cm. Pt. Rounciuale.

[672. ]E. soong.

[676. ]E. heeng.

[677. ]E. hise.

[]Heading (after l. 8). So E. Hn. Pt. Hl.

[20. ]Hn. Pietous and Iust and euere moore yliche; E. Cp. Pt. Ln. Hl. And pitous and Iust alwey yliche (with first syllable deficient).

[23. ]and strong] E. strong and.

[35. ]nin] Cp. Pt. Ln. ne in; Hl. ne.

[38. ]E. I moste, miswritten; Hl. He moste; rest It moste.

[46. ]Hn. thurghout; rest thurgh.

[53. ]E. Hn. foweles.

[62. ]E. Hl. om. ne.

[68. ]E. nor; rest ne.

[78. ]E. Hn. mystrals.

[86. ]E. spoken; Cm. spokyn; rest spoke.

[91. ]E. Saleweth; Hn. Cm. Salueth; rest salued.

[96. ]E. Cm. comen.

[105. ]Cp. Pt. Ln. Hl. it; E. Hn. Cm. omit.

[110. ]E. Hn. Arabe.

[113. ]E. feeste, heeste.

[114. ]E. feeste, heeste.

[115. ]E. Hn. weel.

[116. ]E. natureel.

[123. ]E. whan þat; rest omit þat.

[138. ]E. Pt. in; rest on.

[144. ]E. vn-to; Cm. on-to; rest to.

[158. ]E. wol hym; rest omit hym.

[160. ]E. a; Cm. that; rest the.

[162. ]Hn. platte; rest plat (see 164). E. Cm. that; rest thilke.

[164. ]E. Cm. Pt. plat; rest platte.

[165. ]E. Cm. Strike; rest Stroke.

[171. ]Hl. as stille; rest om as.

[173. ]E. vn-to; the rest to.

[178. ]E. Cm. this; rest the.

[184. ]E. ne; rest or.

[189. ]Cp. Pt. Ln. Hl. swarmed.

[195. ]E. Poilleys.

[200. ]E. go.

[201. ]E. Hn. a; Cm. as; rest of. E. Cm. al the; rest omit al.

[202. ]they] Hn. Cp. Pt. han; Ln. haue.

[203. ]E. heddes; Hn. heuedes; Cp. heedes; rest hedes (hedis). Hl. om. ther.

[206. ]thise] Cp. Pt. Ln. Hl. the.

[207. ]E. that it; rest omit that.

[211. ]Hl. may; rest omit.

[217. ]E. Cm. it; rest for it.

[223. ]E. lewednesse; Hl. lewednes.

[226. ]E. hye; Cm. hyghe; rest maister.

[239. ]E. Cm. with; rest for.

[251. ]All Hadde (Had).

[256. ]Hl. i-knowen; rest knowen.

[260. ]E. Hl. on alle; rest om. on.

[262. ]E. Hn. the bord; rest his bord.

[265. ]Hn. Aldiran; Hl. adryan; rest Aldrian.

[266. ]Hl. repeats this; rest omit 2nd this.

[269. ]E. parementz, Instrumentz.

[270. ]E. parementz, Instrumentz.

[271. ]Hl. Ln. heuen; rest heuene.

[275. ]E. Cm. vp in; rest vp on.

[288. ]E. Hn. of; rest ouer.

[291. ]Hl. the; rest omit.

[298. ]E. me; the rest yow.

[299. ]Hn. Cp. Pt Ln. that at; E. Cm. Hl. om. at.

[300. ]Hath (so; for Is; cf. French il y a.)

[303. ]E. Cm. the; Hl. his; rest a.

[311. ]Cm. preyede; Hn. preyed; E. preyde.

[317. ]E. Hn. Cm. yow telle; rest telle yow.

[322. ]E. ther; Cm. theere; rest ther-inne, ther-in.

[324. ]Cp. Hl. abyde; Hn. abiden; Pt Ln. abide; E. Cm. stonde; see l. 320.

[326. ]E. Hn. nor; the rest ne.

[327. ]Cp. liste; Ln. luste; Hl. lust to; Cm. wit; E. Hn. Pt. list.

[330. ]Hl. by; rest omit.

[338. ]E. Cm. Thus; rest Ful. E. Cm. omit doughty.

[341. ]E. Iueles.

[358. ]E. heddes; Cm. heedys.

[366. ]Hn. Cm. Nor; E. Hl Ne; Cp. Pt. Ln. For [for Nor].

[372. ]E. Avisioun; rest a visioun.

[377. ]E. omits is.

[379. ]E. Hn. on; Cm. at; rest in.

[382. ]E. Hn. an; Cm. Hl. a.

[386. ]E. Cm. foure (rightly); Hn. 4; rest ten.

[409. ]E. fordryed; Cm. fordreyed; but Hn. Cp. Pt. Ln. for-drye; Hl. for-druye.

[414. ]E. Cm. hath; rest hadde (had).

[416. ]E. Cm. omit as.

[419. ]E. Hn. Ft. beest, forest; rest beste, foreste.

[420. ]E. Hn. outher; rest eyther.

[420. ]E. Hn. outher; rest eyther.

[421. ]E. Pt. she; the rest he.

[423. ]So Cp. Hl.; E. Hn. Cm. neuere man yet; Pt. Ln. neuere yit man.

[433. ]E. Hn. baar.

[435. ]E. fowel.

[438. ]Hl. rewthe; Ln. reuthe; rest routhe.

[448. ]E. Hn. pyne; rest peyne.

[449. ]E. the; rest this.

[452. ]E. causeth; rest causen.

[455. ]E. Hn. outher; rest either.

[459. ]E. Hn. Est, beest; Cp. est, best; Cm. est, beste; rest este, beste.

[460. ]E. Hn. Est, beest; Cp. est, best; Cm. est, beste; rest este, beste.

[463. ]E. passioun; rest compassioun.

[469. ]E. the grete; rest omit the.

[472. ]Hn. Cp. Pt. yet moore; E. Cm. moore yet; Hl. Ln. more.

[477. ]Cm. swow a-breyde.

[481. ]E. Hl. omit it.

[484. ]E. Cm. omit that.

[487. ]E. yset; Cm. I-set; the rest set, sette.

[489. ]E. omits to.

[491. ]E. Hn. chasted; rest chastysed; I should propose to read is chasted; but authority is lacking.

[492. ]So Hl.; rest and for that.

[498. ]E. Hn. wille; rest tille (!)

[499. ]E. Cm. That; rest Ther.

[508. ]MSS. trouthe, trowthe.

[510. ]E. I ne; Cm. I not; rest no wight.

[511. ]E. Hn. Cp. Hl. colours.

[512. ]hit] Hl. hut; Ln. hideth.

[516. ]Pronounced kep’th.

[520. ]E. the; the rest this.

[526. ]Hl. crouned; Hn. Cp. Pt. crowned; E. corouned.

[529. ]MSS. vp-on (for on).

[533. ]Cm. Ln. Hl. and al; rest omit al.

[535. ]E. for myn; rest of myn.

[537. ]Hl. Pt. trew; rest trewe.

[542. ]All yaf his herte.

[545. ]Only Cm. om. and.

[548. ]E. Cm. Troilus; rest Iason.

[551. ]Cm. wrytyn; rest writen.

[555. ]E. vnbokelen.

[557. ]E. Cp. dide; Cm. dede; rest did.

[562. ]E. Cm. omit so.

[572. ]E. Hn. lief; Ln. lefe; rest leef.

[585. ]Cp. om. that.

[601. ]Hn. Cp. Pt. Ln. Hl. wel seyd; Cm. I-seyd; E. seyd.

[602. ]E. Hn. Cm. hire; rest him.

[616. ]Hl has here lost 8 leaves, to l. 1223.

[619. ]E. nouelrie; the rest have the plural, except Ln. none leueres, a corruption of nouelries.

[620. ]I supply ne.

[622. ]Hn. and fressh; rest omit and.

[623. ]E. Hn. goodlich; rest goodly. E. Pt. om. and before humble.

[632. ]E. Hn. Cp. barm, harm; rest barme, harme.

[633. ]E. Hn. Cp. barm, harm; rest barme, harme.

[639. ]E. Hn. saues; the rest salues.

[642. ]E. hire fulle; the rest al hir.

[644. ]Slo. velowetys.

[647. ]E. ther were ypeynted; rest were peynted.

[648. ]E. Hn. tidyues; Ln. tideues; rest tidifs.

[649. ]Transposed by Tyrwhitt.

[650. ]Transposed by Tyrwhitt.

[650. ]And] Cp. Pt. Ln. om.

[657. ]Slo. Ln. whiche; rest which. Hn. of which I to yow tolde.

[664. ]E. Theodera.

[672. ]Here the MSS. fail. Ln. has 8 spurious lines in place of ll. 671, 672.Heading.So E.; Hn. The prologe of the Marchauntes tale.

[676. ]E. allowethe; Hn. allowthe.

[689. ]E. listneth; rest listeth, lusteth.

[695. ]Laud 600 has host, wost; E. Hn. Pt. hoost, woost.

[696. ]Laud 600 has host, wost; E. Hn. Pt. hoost, woost.

[]Heading.So E.; Ln. Incipit prologus de le Frankeleyne; Hn. Pt. Here bigynneth the Frankeleyns tale. Hl. omits ll. 709-1223.

[712. ]E. whiche.

[722. ]E. Hn. Scithero.

[726. ]Cp. Ln. ben me to; Pt. bene to me; Hn. they ben to; E. been to.

[772. ]E. auantate (sic).

[791. ]E. Heere.

[794. ]E. Thanne.

[801. ]Ln. penmarke; rest Pedmark.

[803. ]Pt. Ln. had; rest hadde.

[810. ]Cm. er (for eek); Pt. om.

[814. ]E. stynten.

[842. ]Cm. preyede; Cp. preyed; E. Hn. preyde; Pt. preiden.

[851. ]E. Hn. Seillynge.

[852. ]E. thanne.

[855. ]E. thanne.

[862. ]E. Thanne.

[873. ]MSS. eest, est.

[874. ]MSS. beest, best.

[881. ]E. Thanne. Pt. cheerte.

[882. ]E. thanne.

[887. ]E. om. ne.

[889. ]Cm. Cp. Pt. this is (this = this is).

[890. ]E. al this; rest om. this.

[903. ]E. hadde.

[906. ]E. in; rest on.

[907. ]E. hadde.

[914. ]So Cm. (see Group F, l. 396); E. Hn. maked, and om. for to; Cp. Pt. Wold han made ony pensif herte light.

[926. ]Cp. biforen; Hn. Cm. bifore; E. biforn.

[939. ]E. hadde.

[941. ]E. Hn. tellen.

[950. ]E. Cm. a furye; Hn. Pt. a fuyre; Cp. fuyre; Ln. fire.

[956. ]E. Hn. yong.

[965. ]E. Hn. this; rest his.

[971. ]E. Hn. Cm. Ln. Hadde.

[973. ]E. Hn. gerdon.

[987. ]E. Hn. Taak.

[993. ]Cm. remoue; Cp. Ln. remewe; Pt. remeue.

[997. ]E Thanne.

[1010. ]E Thanne.

[1011. ]MSS. anon, anone.

[1012. ]E. Hn. coome.

[1017. ]Ln. the orizonte.

[1025. ]Cm. kneis; Cp. Pt. knees.

[1035. ]E. Hn. or; rest and. Pt. hie; E. Hn. Cp. heighe; Cm. hyghe; Ln. hihe.

[1036. ]Pt. ye; Cm. Iye; E. Hn. Cp. eighe; Ln. eyhe.

[1037. ]E. om. that.

[1044. ]E. holpen.

[1045. ]E. Lucina, glossed i. luna.

[1048. ]E. Emperisse.

[1050. ]Hn. lighted; Cm. lyghtenyd.

[1063. ]E. Hn. Cm. Cp. Thanne.

[1069. ]E. Hn. Cm. Cp. Thanne.

[1074. ]E. Hn. dirke.

[1078. ]E. teeris.

[1086. ]E. wheither.

[1096. ]Cp. Pt. Ln. ther-of (for of it).

[1100. ]E. Cm. I wol (wele) yow; rest wol (wil) I.

[1101. ]E. Hn. Cm. furyus.

[1109. ]E. Hn. baar.

[1118. ]Cm. whil; rest whiles. Ln. Cp. Pt. Orliaunce.

[1125. ]E. natureel.

[1129. ]Pt. om. the (which seems better).

[1140. ]E. whce (!); for whiche.

[1141. ]Cm. tregettourys; Cp. tregetoures; rest tregetours.

[1147. ]Cp. Pt. Ln. omit these two lines.

[1148. ]Cp. Pt. Ln. omit these two lines.

[1150. ]E. Cm. Ln. hym; rest hem.

[1152. ]E. thanne.

[1155. ]E. natureel.

[1161. ]E. Hn. Pt. enduren. Hn. Cm. day; E. wowke; Cp. Pt. Ln. yeer.

[1162. ]E. Thanne.

[1163. ]E. Thanne.

[1184. ]E. Hn. Cm. put forth before is.

[1185. ]E. Hn. maden.

[1191. ]Cp. Pt. Ln. omit six lines.

[1192. ]Cp. Pt. Ln. omit six lines.

[1192. ]Cm. Iye; E. Hn. eye.

[1193. ]Cp. Pt. Ln. omit six lines.

[1194. ]Cp. Pt. Ln. omit six lines.

[1195. ]Cp. Pt. Ln. omit six lines.

[1196. ]Cp. Pt. Ln. omit six lines.

[1216. ]E. though; Hn. thogh.

[1217. ]E. Hn. Cm. thanne.

[1218. ]E. Hn. hir reste; rest om. hir.

[1220. ]E. Hn. Cm. gerdoun.

[1221. ]Cm. remeuyn; Cp. remewe; Ln. remoue.

[1224. ]Here Hl. begins again.

[1241. ]So all; see 1184.

[1243. ]E. Hn. thise; Hl. these; rest the.

[1245. ]Cm. Pt. wex; E. Hn. Hl. Cp. wax.

[1254. ]Hl. Cm. Cp. braun; Pt. brawne; E. Hn. brawen.

[1257. ]E. chiere; Cm. Ln. Hl. chier.

[1263. ]E. Hn. Cm. wayten.

[1264. ]E. Cm. maken.

[1265. ]E. a (for an).

[1269. ]E. ellis.

[1273. ]E. Hn. tolletanes; Hl. tollitanes; rest colletanes (!). E. brought; Hn. broght.

[1274. ]E. nought; Hn. noght.

[1275. ]E. yeeris.

[1276. ]So all: (E. hise, rootes, geris).

[1277. ]Ln. centres; rest centris.

[1278. ]Hn. Hl. proporcionels; E. -cioneles; Cm. -ciounnys; Cp. Pt. -cions.

[1280. ]E. speere.

[1283. ]Cm. nynte; Hl. fourthe (!); rest 9.

[1284. ]E. he hadde kalkuled; rest om. hadde.

[1285. ]E. hadde.

[1293. ]Cp. Pt. Hl. vsed; E. Hn. vseden.

[1295. ]E. Hn. Cm. wyke; Hl. Cp. wike; Pt. Ln. weke.

[1296. ]Hl. om. alle.

[1302. ]E. Cm. hise.

[1318. ]Pt. Cp. giltelees; Hl. gulteles; rest giltless (-les).

[1333. ]E. Hn. Hl. do; rest don.

[1336. ]E. Hn. shal; Ln. schal.

[1340. ]Hl. oon; Pt. on (for a).

[1354. ]E. Hn. Cm. shal.

[1357. ]Hl. Fro; rest For.

[1358. ]E. Hn. Pt. Ln. om. elles.

[1360. ]Pt. Hl. om. to.

[1367. ]Cm. bere.

[1368. ]Cm. thretty; Hl. thritty; rest xxx.

[1369. ]E. Hadde. E. Hn. Cm. Atthenes. E. at; rest atte, at the.

[1374. ]Cp. Ln. pament.

[1379. ]Cm. Messene; E. Hn Hl. Mecene.

[1388. ]E. Hl. heet; Hn. Cm. highte; Cp. Ln. that hight (hiht); Pt. which hiȝt.

[1406. ]Hl. whanne; E. Hn. Cm. whan; Cp. Pt. there; Ln. thare.

[1408. ]Hn. Cm. Hl. hadde; rest had.

[1409. ]Hn. Cp. Ln. Milesie; E. Cm. Melesie.

[1410. ]Hn. Cm. Hl. verray; rest om.

[1414. ]Hn. Hl. habradace; Cp. Pt. habradas; Ln. Abradas.

[1430. ]All hem-self; see l. 1420.

[1435. ]Cm. Massedoyne; Ln. Macedoyne; Cp. Macedoigne; Pt. Masidoigne; Hl. Macidone; E. Hn. Macidonye.

[1437. ]Hn. Hl. Niceratis; Cm. Nycherates.

[1440. ]Cm. al (for that); E. om.

[1442. ]Cp. Ln. Alcestem; Pt. Alcesteyn; rest Alceste.

[1443. ]E. Penalopee; rest Penolopee (-pe).

[1445. ]Hn. Hl. Laodomya; E. Cm. Lacedomya; rest Leodamya.

[1450. ]Cp. Cm. Hl. yiue; E. Hn. Pt. yeue.

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GROUP F. - Geoffrey Chaucer, The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, vol. 4 (The Canterbury Tales) [1899]

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