Chapter VI.—: The Distinctive Emblem. - A. Pearce Higgins, The Hague Peace Conferences and Other International Conferences concerning the Laws and Usages of War [1909]
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The Hague Peace Conferences and Other International Conferences concerning the Laws and Usages of War. Texts of Conventions with Commentaries, by A. Pearce Higgins, LL.D. (Cambridge University Press, 1909).
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- Front Matter: Preface
- List of Cases Cited
- Introduction
- Declaration of Paris, 1856 1
- Déclaration De Paris, 1856.
- The Declaration of Paris, 1856.
- Declaration of St Petersburg, 1868 1
- Geneva Convention, 1864 1
- Convention Pour L’amélioration Du Sort Des Militaires Blessés Dans Les Armées En Campagne.
- Convention For the Amelioration of the Condition of Soldiers Wounded In Armies In the Field.
- Articles Concerning Naval Warfare ( La Marine ).
- Geneva Convention, 1906 1
- Convention Pour L’amélioration Du Sort Des Blessés Et Malades Dans Les Armées En Campagne.
- Convention For the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick In Armies In the Field.
- Chapitre Premier. —: Des Blessés Et Malades.
- Chapter I.—: The Wounded and Sick.
- Chapitre II.—: Des Formations Et Établissements Sanitaires.
- Chapter II.—: Medical Units and Establishments.
- Chapitre III.—: Du Personnel.
- Chapter III.—: Personnel.
- Chapitre IV.—: Du Matériel.
- Chapter IV.—: Material.
- Chapitre V.—: Des Convois D’Évacuation.
- Chapter V.—: Convoys of Evacuation.
- Chapter VI.—: Du Signe Distinctif.
- Chapter VI.—: The Distinctive Emblem.
- Chapitre VII.—: De L’application Et De L’exécution De La Convention.
- Chapter VII.—: Application and Carrying Out of the Convention.
- Chapitre VIII.—: De La Répression Des Abus Et Des Infractions.
- Chapter VIII.—: Prevention of Abuses and Infractions.
- Dispositions Générales.
- General Provisions.
- Protocole Final De La Conférence De Revision De La Convention De Genève.
- Final Protocol of the Conference For the Revision of the Geneva Convention.
- The Hague Peace Conferences 1899 and 1907
- The Peace Conference of 1899 1 .
- The Second Peace Conference of 1907 1 .
- Final Acts of the International Peace Conferences.
- The Conventions of the Hague Conferences of 1899 and 1907 1 .
- I.: Convention For the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes.
- 1.: Règlement Pacifique Des Conflits Internationaux.
- 1.: Pacific Settlement of International Disputes
- I.: Convention For the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes 1 .
- II.: The Recovery of Contract Debts.
- II.: Convention Concernant La Limitation De L’emploi De La Force Pour Le Recouvrement De Dettes Contractuelles.
- II.: Convention Respecting the Limitation of the Employment of Force For the Recovery of Contract Debts.
- Convention No. 2. the Limitation of the Employment of Force For the Recovery of Contract Debts 1 .
- III.: Convention Relative to the Commencement of Hostilities.
- III.: Convention Relative à L’ouverture Des Hostilités.
- III.: Convention Relative to the Opening of Hostilities.
- Convention No. 3. The Commencement of Hostilities 1 .
- IV.: Les Lois Et Coutumes De La Guerre Sur Terre.
- II.: Convention Concernant Les Lois Et Coutumes De La Guerre Sur Terre.
- IV.: Convention Concernant Les Lois Et Coutumes De La Guerre Sur Terre.
- Règlement Concernant Les Lois Et Coutumes De La Guerre Sur Terre.
- Section I.: Des Belligérants.
- Section II.: Des Hostilités.
- Section III.: De L’autorité Militaire Sur Le Territoire De L’État Ennemi.
- Section IV.: Des Belligérants Internés Et Des Blessés Soignés Chez Les Neutres.
- IV.: The Laws and Customs of War On Land.
- II.: Convention With Respect to the Laws and Customs of War On Land.
- IV.: Convention Concerning the Laws and Customs of War On Land.
- Regulations Respecting the Laws and Customs of War On Land.
- Section I.: Belligerents.
- Section II. Hostilities.
- Section III.: Military Authority Over the Territory of the Hostile State.
- Convention No. 4. Concerning the Laws and Customs of War On Land 1 .
- Appendix to Note On the Laws and Customs of War On Land. Translation of the Draft of an International Declaration Concerning the Laws and Customs of War Adopted By the Conference of Brussels, 27th August, 1874 1 .
- V.: Neutral Powers and Persons In Land Warfare.
- V.: Convention Concernant Les Droits Et Les Devoirs Des Puissances Et Des Personnes Neutres En Cas De Guerre Sur Terre.
- V.: Convention Respecting the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers and Persons In War On Land.
- Convention No. 5. Respecting the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers and Persons In War On Land 1 .
- VI.: Enemy Merchant-ships At the Outbreak of Hostilities.
- VI.: Convention Relative Au Régime Des Navires De Commerce Ennemis Au Début Des Hostilités.
- VI.: Convention Relative to the Status of Enemy Merchantships At the Outbreak of Hostilities.
- Convention No. 6. Relative to the Status of Enemy Merchant-ships At the Outbreak of Hostilities 1 .
- VII.: Conversion of Merchant-ships Into War-ships.
- VII.: Convention Relative à La Transformation Des Navires De Commerce En Bâtiments De Guerre.
- VII.: Convention Relative to the Conversion of Merchantships Into War-ships.
- Convention No. 7. Convention Relative to the Conversion of Merchant-ships Into War-ships 1 .
- VIII.: Automatic Submarine Contact Mines.
- VIII.: Convention Relative à La Pose De Mines Sous-marines Automatiques De Contact.
- VIII.: Convention Relative to the Laying of Automatic Submarine Contact Mines.
- Convention No. 8. Relative to the Laying of Automatic Submarine Contact Mines 1 .
- IX.: Bombardment By Naval Forces In Time of War.
- IX.: Convention Concernant Le Bombardement Par Des Forces Navales En Temps De Guerre.
- IX.: Convention Respecting Bombardment By Naval Forces In Time of War.
- Convention No. 9. Respecting Bombardment By Naval Forces In Time of War 1 .
- X.: Conventions For the Adaptation of the Principles of the Geneva Convention to Maritime War (1899 and 1907)
- X.: La Convention De Genève Et La Guerre Maritime 1 .
- III.: Convention Pour L’adaptation à La Guerre Maritime Des Principes De La Convention De Genève Du 22 Août, 1864.
- X.: Convention Pour L’adaptation à La Guerre Maritime Des Principes De La Convention De Genève.
- X.: The Geneva Convention and Maritime Warfare 1 .
- III.: Convention For the Adaptation to Maritime Warfare of the Principles of the Geneva Convention of August 22, 1864.
- X.: Convention For the Adaptation of the Principles of the Geneva Convention to Maritime War.
- Convention No. 10. The Adaptation of the Principles of the Geneva Convention to Maritime Warfare 1 .
- A Convention Relating to Hospital Ships, Signed At the Hague, the 21st December, 1904 2 .
- XI.: Restrictions On Capture In Maritime War
- XI.: Convention Relative à Certaines Restrictions à L’exercice Du Droit De Capture Dans La Guerre Maritime.
- XI.: Convention Relative to Certain Restrictions On the Exercise of the Right of Capture In Maritime War.
- Convention No. 11. Relative to Certain Restrictions On the Exercise of the Right of Capture In Maritime War.
- XII.: Establishment of an International Prize Court.
- XII.: Convention Relative à L’Établissement D’une Cour Internationale Des Prises.
- XII.: Convention Relative to the Establishment of an International Prize Court.
- Annex to Article 15. Distribution of Judges and Deputy Judges By Countries For Each Year of the Period of Six Years.
- Convention No. 12. Relative to the Establishment of an International Prize Court 1 .
- XIII.: Neutral Rights and Duties In Maritime War.
- XIII.: Convention Concernant Les Droits Et Les Devoirs Des Puissances Neutres En Cas De Guerre Maritime.
- XIII.: Convention Respecting the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers In Maritime War.
- Convention No. 13. The Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers In Maritime War 1 .
- Declarations (1899 and 1907) Prohibiting Discharge of Projectiles, Etc. From Balloons
- Les Déclarations De 1899 Et 1907.
- Déclaration I.: Des Projectiles Et Des Explosifs Du Haut De Ballons.
- XIV.: Déclaration Relative à L’interdiction De Lancer Des Projectiles Et Des Explosifs Du Haut De Ballons.
- The Declarations of 1899 and 1907.
- Declaration I.: Projectiles and Explosives From Balloons.
- XIV.: Declaration Prohibiting the Discharge of Projectiles and Explosives From Balloons.
- Declaration Ii (1899).
- Des Gaz Asphyxiants Ou Délétères.
- Asphyxiating Or Deleterious Gases.
- II.: Declaration Prohibiting the Use of Asphyxiating Or Deleterious Gases 1 .
- Declaration Iii (1899).
- Des Balles à Enveloppe Dure Etc.
- Bullets With a Hard Envelope Etc.
- III.: Declaration Prohibiting the Use of Expanding Bullets 1 .
- Annexe Au Premier Vœu émis Par La Deuxième Conférence De La Paix 1 .
- Projet D’une Convention Relative à L’Établissement D’une Cour De Justice Arbitrale.
- Draft Convention Relative to the Creation of a Judicial Arbitration Court.
- The Draft Convention Relative to the Creation of a Judicial Arbitration Court 1 .
- The Results of the Second Peace Conference.
- Table of the Deposits of Acts of Ratification and Accessions to the Conventions and Declarations Signed the 29th July, 1899, At the First Peace Conference.
- Table of Signatures.
- Final Protocol of the London Naval Conference.
- Protocole De Clôture.
- Final Protocol.
- The Declaration of London, 1909
- Déclaration Relative Au Droit De La Guerre Maritime.
- Declaration Concerning the Laws of Naval War 1 .
- General Report On the Declaration Presented to the Naval Conference On Behalf of Its Drafting Committee 1 . ( Translation 2 .)
- Appendix. Instructions to British Delegation At the Second Peace Conference.
- Addenda and Errata.
Chapter VI.—
The Distinctive Emblem.
Art. 18.
As a compliment to Switzerland, the heraldic device of the red cross on a white ground, formed by reversing the Federal colours, is retained as the emblem and distinctive sign of the medical service of armies.
(Cp. G. C. 1864, Art. 7.)
Art. 19.
Cet emblème figure sur les drapeaux, les brassards, ainsi que sur tout le matériel se rattachant au service sanitaire, avec la permission de l’autorité militaire compétente.
Art. 19.
With the permission of the competent military authority this emblem shall be shown on the flags and armlets (brassards), as well as on all the material belonging to the Medical Service.
(New.)
Art. 20.
Le personnel protégé en vertu des articles 9, alinéa 1er, 10 et 11 porte, fixé au bras gauche, un brassard avec croix rouge sur fond blanc, délivré et timbré par l’autorité militaire compétente, accompagné d’un certificat d’identité pour les personnes rattachées au service de santé des armées et qui n’auraient pas d’uniforme militaire.
Art. 20.
The personnel protected in pursuance of Articles 9 (paragraph 1), 10, and 11 shall wear, fixed to the left arm, an armlet (brassard) with a red cross on a white ground, delivered and stamped by the competent military authority, and accompanied by a certificate of identity in the case of persons who are attached to the medical service of armies, but who have not a military uniform.
(Cp. G. C. 1864, Art. 7.)
Art. 21.
Le drapeau distinctif de la Convention ne peut être arboré que sur les formations et établissements sanitaires qu’elle ordonne de respecter et avec le consentement de l’autorité militaire. Il devra être accompagné du drapeau national du belligérant dont relève la formation ou l’établissement.
Toutefois, les formations sanitaires tombées au pouvoir de l’ennemi n’arboreront pas d’autre drapeau que celui de la Croix-Rouge, aussi longtemps qu’elles se trouveront dans cette situation.
Art. 21.
The distinctive flag of the Convention shall only be hoisted over those medical units and establishments which are entitled to be respected under the Convention, and with the consent of the military authorities. It must be accompanied by the national flag of the belligerent to whom the unit or establishment belongs.
(New.)
Nevertheless, medical units which have fallen into the hands of the enemy, so long as they are in that situation, shall not fly any other flag than that of the Red Cross.
(New.)
Art. 22.
Les formations sanitaires des pays neutres qui, dans les conditions prévues par l’article 11, auraient été autorisées à fournir leurs services, doivent arborer, avec le drapeau de la Convention, le drapeau national du belligérant dont elles relèvent.
Les dispositions du deuxième alinéa de l’article précédent leur sont appliables.
Art. 22.
The medical units belonging to neutral countries which may be authorized to afford their services under the conditions laid down in Article 11 shall fly, along with the flag of the Convention, the national flag of the belligerent to whose army they are attached.
(New.)
The provisions of the second paragraph of the preceding Article are applicable to them.
(New.)
Art. 23.
L’emblème de la croix rouge sur fond blanc et les mots Croix-Rouge ou Croix de Genève ne pourront être employés, soit en temps de paix, soit en temps de guerre, que pour protéger ou désigner les formations et établissements sanitaires, le personnel et le matériel protégés par la Convention.
Art. 23 .
The emblem of the red cross on a white ground and the words “Red Cross” or “Geneva Cross” shall not be used, either in time of peace or in time of war, except to protect or to indicate the medical units and establishments and the personnel and material protected by the Convention.
(New.)
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